Mutha kuyankha nthawi yomweyo funsoli, ndi makina angati a IT omwe muli nawo pakampani yanu? Mpaka posachedwa, ifenso sitinathe. Chifukwa chake, tsopano tikuwuzani za njira yathu yopangira mndandanda wolumikizana wamakampani a IT, omwe amafunikira kuthetsa mavuto awa:
- Mtanthauzira mawu umodzi wa kampani yonse. Kumvetsetsa kolondola kwa bizinesi ndi IT za machitidwe omwe kampaniyo ili nayo.
- Mndandanda wa anthu omwe ali ndi udindo. Kuphatikiza pa kupeza mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT, kunali koyenera kumvetsetsa yemwe anali ndi udindo pa dongosolo lililonse, kumbali ya IT komanso kumbali ya bizinesi.
- Gulu la machitidwe a IT. Kumbali ya zomangamanga za IT, kunali kofunikira kugawa machitidwe omwe alipo kale a IT potengera chitukuko, ndi matekinoloje ogwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi zina.
- Kuwerengera ndalama zamakina a IT. Choyamba, muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe machitidwe a IT ali, kenako bwerani ndi algorithm yogawa ndalama. Ndikunena nthawi yomweyo kuti tapindula zambiri pamfundoyi, koma zambiri pa izi m'nkhani ina.
Tiyeni tiyankhe funso lomwe lili pamutuwu - ndi makina angati a IT omwe kampaniyo ili nayo? M'kupita kwa chaka, tinayesetsa kulemba mndandanda, ndipo zinapezeka kuti panali 116 odziwika IT machitidwe (ndiko kuti, amene tinatha kupeza amene ali ndi udindo mu IT ndi makasitomala pakati malonda).
Kaya izi ndizochuluka kapena zochepa, zidzatheka kuweruza pambuyo pofotokozera mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimatengedwa ngati dongosolo la IT m'dziko lathu.
Khwerero XNUMX
Choyamba, madipatimenti onse a IT Directorate adafunsidwa mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT omwe amathandizira. Kenako, tinayamba kubweretsa mindandanda yonseyi pamodzi ndikupanga mayina ogwirizana ndi ma encodings. Pa gawo loyamba, tidaganiza zogawa machitidwe a IT m'magulu atatu:
- Ntchito zakunja.
- Information Systems.
- Ntchito zogwirira ntchito. Ili ndilo gulu losangalatsa kwambiri. Polemba mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT, zida za mapulogalamu zinapezeka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zowonongeka zokha (mwachitsanzo, Active Directory (AD)), komanso mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu omwe amaikidwa pamakina a ogwiritsira ntchito. Mapulogalamu onsewa adapatulidwa kukhala mautumiki a zomangamanga.
Tiyeni tione bwinobwino gulu lililonse.
Ntchito zakunja
Ntchito zakunja ndi machitidwe a IT omwe sagwiritsa ntchito makina athu a seva. Kampani yachitatu ndi yomwe imayang'anira ntchito yawo. Izi ndizo, makamaka, mautumiki amtambo ndi ma API akunja amakampani ena (mwachitsanzo, kulipira ndi kuyang'ana ntchito za fiscalization). Mawuwa ndi okambitsirana, koma sitinabwere ndi abwinoko. Tinalemba milandu yonse ya m'malire mu "makina azidziwitso".
Information Systems
Makina azidziwitso ndi kukhazikitsa kwa mapulogalamu omwe kampani imagwiritsa ntchito. Pankhaniyi, mapulogalamu okhawo omwe amaikidwa pa seva ndikupereka kuyanjana kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri adaganiziridwa. Mapulogalamu am'deralo omwe amaikidwa pamakompyuta ogwira ntchito sanaganizidwe.
Panali mfundo zina zobisika:
- Kwa ntchito zambiri, zomangamanga za microservice zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Microservices amapangidwa pa nsanja wamba. Tinaganiza kwa nthawi yayitali ngati tisiyanitse utumiki uliwonse kapena magulu a mautumiki mu machitidwe osiyana. Zotsatira zake, adazindikira nsanja yonseyo ngati dongosolo ndipo adayitcha MSP - Mvideo (micro) Service Platform.
- Makina ambiri a IT amagwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe ovuta a makasitomala, ma seva, nkhokwe, owerengera, ndi zina. Tidaganiza zophatikizira zonsezi kukhala dongosolo limodzi la IT, osalekanitsa mbali zaukadaulo monga zowerengera, TOMCAT ndi zina zambiri.
- Machitidwe aukadaulo a IT - monga AD, machitidwe oyang'anira - adaperekedwa ku gulu lapadera la "ntchito za zomangamanga".
Ntchito zogwirira ntchito
Izi zikuphatikizapo machitidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito zomangamanga za IT. Mwachitsanzo:
- Kupeza zothandizira pa intaneti.
- Ntchito yosungira deta.
- Ntchito zosunga zobwezeretsera.
- Telefoni.
- Msonkhano wamakanema.
- Atumiki.
- Active Directory Directory Service.
- Imelo utumiki.
- Antivayirasi.
Timayika mapulogalamu onse omwe amaikidwa pamakina am'deralo ngati "malo antchito".
Kukambitsirana pa seti ya mautumiki sikunathe.
Zotsatira za sitepe yoyamba
Mindanda yonse yolandilidwa kuchokera kumadipatimenti itapangidwa, tinalandira mndandanda wazinthu zonse zamakampani a IT.
Mndandandawo unali wamtundu umodzi, i.e. tinalibe ma subsystems. Vutoli la mndandanda lidaimitsidwa mtsogolo. Zonse tili nazo:
- 152 machitidwe azidziwitso ndi ntchito zakunja.
- 25 ntchito zomangamanga.
Ubwino waukulu wa bukhuli ndikuti kuwonjezera pa mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT, adagwirizana pa mndandanda wa antchito omwe ali ndi udindo kwa aliyense wa iwo.
Gawo lachiwiri
Mndandandawu unali ndi zolakwika zingapo:
- Zinapezeka kuti zinali zamtundu umodzi komanso zosakwanira. Mwachitsanzo, sitolo inaimiridwa pamndandanda ndi magawo 8 kapena makina osiyana, ndipo tsambalo lidayimiriridwa ndi dongosolo limodzi.
- Funso linatsalira, kodi tinali ndi mndandanda wathunthu wa machitidwe a IT?
- Kodi mungasungire bwanji mndandanda wamakono?
Kusintha kuchokera pamndandanda wagawo limodzi kupita pamndandanda wamagawo awiri
Kusintha kwakukulu komwe kunapangidwa mu gawo lachiwiri kunali kusintha kwa mndandanda wa magawo awiri. Malingaliro awiri adayambitsidwa:
- IT system.
- IT system module.
Gulu loyamba limaphatikizapo osati makhazikitsidwe amunthu payekha, koma machitidwe olumikizidwa mwanzeru. Mwachitsanzo, m'mbuyomu dongosolo la malipoti a pa intaneti (SAP BO), ETL ndi kusungirako zidalembedwa ngati machitidwe osiyana a IT, koma tsopano tawaphatikiza kukhala dongosolo limodzi ndi ma module a 10.
Pambuyo pa kusintha kotereku, machitidwe 115 a IT adatsalira m'ndandanda.
Sakani machitidwe osadziwika a IT
Timathetsa vuto lopeza machitidwe osadziwika a IT popereka ndalama ku machitidwe a IT. Iwo. Kampaniyo idapanga dongosolo logawa zolipirira zonse za dipatimenti ku machitidwe a IT (zambiri pa izi m'nkhani yotsatira). Tsopano tikuwunikanso mndandanda wamalipiro a IT pamwezi ndikuwagawira ku machitidwe a IT. Poyambirira, njira zingapo zolipira zidapezeka zomwe sizinaphatikizidwe mu registry.
Chotsatira ndicho kukhazikitsa nsanja yogwirizana ya IT zomangamanga (EA Tool) yokonzekera chitukuko.
Gulu la machitidwe a IT
Kuphatikiza pa kulemba mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT ndikuzindikiritsa ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi udindo, tinayamba kugawa machitidwe a IT.
Gulu loyamba lomwe tidayambitsa ndi gawo la moyo. Umu ndi momwe mndandanda umodzi wa machitidwe omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito panopa komanso omwe akukonzekera kuti athetsedwe adawonekera.
Kuphatikiza apo, tinayamba kutsata moyo wa mavenda a IT. Si chinsinsi kuti mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, ndipo ogulitsa amangothandiza ena mwa iwo. Pambuyo posanthula mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT, omwe matembenuzidwe awo sakuthandizidwanso ndi wopanga adadziwika. Tsopano pali kukambirana kwakukulu pazomwe mungachite ndi mapulogalamu otere.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT
Zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito mndandandawu:
- Mu zomangamanga za IT, pojambula mawonekedwe a yankho, timagwiritsa ntchito mayina wamba pamakina a IT.
- Mu dongosolo la kagawidwe ka malipiro pa machitidwe a IT. Umu ndi momwe timawonera ndalama zonse kwa iwo.
- Tikumanganso ITSM kuti tisunge chidziwitso chilichonse chokhudza momwe IT idazindikirira zomwe zidachitika komanso momwe zidathetsedwa.
Mndandanda
Popeza mndandanda wa machitidwe a IT ndi chidziwitso chachinsinsi, ndizosatheka kuziwonetsa pano zonse; tiwonetsa zowonera.
Pa chithunzi:
- Ma module a IT amawonetsedwa mu green.
- Madipatimenti a DIT amitundu ina.
- Machitidwe a IT amangiriridwa ndi oyang'anira omwe ali ndi udindo wawo.
Source: www.habr.com