M'nkhani zapita, tinayamba kulankhula za Proxmox VE ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito. Lero tikambirana momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mwayi wophatikizana ndikuwonetsa phindu lomwe limapereka.
Kodi masango ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani amafunikira? Cluster (kuchokera ku English cluster) ndi gulu la ma seva ogwirizanitsidwa ndi njira zoyankhulirana zothamanga kwambiri, zikugwira ntchito ndi kuwonekera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito limodzi. Pali zochitika zingapo zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito cluster:
- Kupereka kulolerana kwa zolakwika (kupezeka kwapamwamba).
- Katundu kusanja (Load Balancing).
- Kuchulukitsa zokolola (kuchita bwino).
- Kuchita Distributed Computing (Makompyuta ogawidwa).
Chiwonetsero chilichonse chili ndi zofunikira zake kwa mamembala amgulu. Mwachitsanzo, kwa gulu lomwe limagwira ntchito zogawidwa, chofunikira kwambiri ndikuthamanga kwa malo oyandama komanso kutsika kwa intaneti. Magulu oterowo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza.
Popeza takhudza mutu wa computing yogawidwa, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti palinso chinthu monga grid system (kuchokera ku gridi ya Chingerezi - lattice, network). Ngakhale kufanana kwakukulu, musasokoneze dongosolo la gridi ndi masango. Gridi si gulu mwachizolowezi. Mosiyana ndi masango, mfundo zomwe zimaphatikizidwa mu gridi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndipo zimadziwika ndi kupezeka kochepa. Njirayi imathandizira kuthetsa mavuto a makompyuta omwe amagawidwa, koma salola kupanga imodzi kuchokera ku mfundo.
Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi cha grid system ndi nsanja yotchuka yamakompyuta (Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing). Pulatifomuyi idapangidwa poyambilira pulojekitiyi (Fufuzani Intelligence ya Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence at Home), yolimbana ndi vuto lopeza nzeru zakuthambo posanthula ma wayilesi.
Kodi ntchitoZambiri zambiri zolandilidwa kuchokera ku telesikopu yawayilesi zimaphwanyidwa kukhala tizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono, ndipo zimatumizidwa ku mfundo za grid system (mu SETI@home project, makompyuta odzipereka amatenga gawo la node zotere). Detayo imakonzedwa pamanode ndipo ikamalizidwa, imatumizidwa ku seva yapakati ya polojekiti ya SETI. Chifukwa chake, polojekitiyi imathetsa vuto lovuta kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi popanda kukhala ndi mphamvu yamakompyuta yomwe ili nayo.
Tsopano popeza tamvetsetsa bwino lomwe cluster ili, tikuganiza kuti tiganizire momwe ingapangidwe ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Tidzagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yotsegulira gwero .
Ndikofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa zoperewera ndi zofunikira za dongosolo la Proxmox musanayambe kupanga gulu, ndilo:
- kuchuluka kwa node pagulu - 32;
- nodes onse ayenera kukhala mtundu womwewo wa Proxmox (pali zosiyana, koma sizikuvomerezeka kuti zipangidwe);
- ngati m'tsogolomu akukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito Kupezeka Kwapamwamba, ndiye kuti gululo liyenera kukhala nalo osachepera 3 mfundo;
- madoko ayenera kukhala otseguka kuti mfundo zizilumikizana UDP/5404, UDP/5405 kwa corosync ndi TCP / 22 kwa SSH;
- kuchedwa kwa netiweki pakati pa ma node sikuyenera kupitilira 2 ms.
Pangani gulu
Zofunika! Kukonzekera kotsatiraku ndi kuyesa. Osayiwala kufunsa ndi Mtengo wa Proxmox VE.
Kuti tiyendetse gulu loyesa, tinatenga ma seva atatu ndi Proxmox hypervisor yoikidwa ndi makonzedwe omwewo (2 cores, 2 GB ya RAM).
Ngati mukufuna kudziwa momwe mungayikitsire Proxmox, ndiye timalimbikitsa kuwerenga nkhani yathu yapitayi - .
Poyamba, mutakhazikitsa OS, seva imodzi imalowa standalone-mode.
Pangani gulu podina batani Pangani Cluster mu gawo loyenera.
Timayika dzina la gulu lamtsogolo ndikusankha kugwirizana kwa netiweki yogwira.
Dinani Pangani batani. Seva idzapanga fungulo la 2048-bit ndikulemba pamodzi ndi magawo a gulu latsopano ku mafayilo okonzekera.
Kulembetsa NTCHITO CHABWINO zimasonyeza kuti ntchitoyo yatha bwino. Tsopano, poyang'ana zambiri za dongosololi, zitha kuwoneka kuti seva yasinthira ku cluster mode. Pakadali pano, gululi lili ndi node imodzi yokha, ndiye kuti, ilibe mphamvu zomwe gulu likufunika.
Kujowina Cluster
Tisanalumikizane ndi gulu lomwe lapangidwa, tiyenera kupeza zambiri kuti timalize kulumikizana. Kuti muchite izi, pitani ku gawo Cluster ndi Π½Π°ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΊΡ Lowani Zambiri.
Pazenera lomwe limatsegulidwa, tili ndi chidwi ndi zomwe zili m'gawo la dzina lomwelo. Idzafunika kukopera.
Zofunikira zonse zolumikizira zalembedwa apa: adilesi ya seva yolumikizira ndi chala cha digito. Timapita ku seva yomwe ikufunika kuphatikizidwa mumagulu. Timasindikiza batani Lowani nawo Cluster ndipo pawindo lomwe limatsegulidwa, ikani zomwe mwakopera.
m'minda Adilesi ya anzawo ΠΈ Zojambulajambula adzadzazidwa basi. Lowetsani mawu achinsinsi a node nambala 1, sankhani kulumikizana kwa netiweki ndikudina batani agwirizane.
Panthawi yolowa mgulu, tsamba lawebusayiti la GUI litha kusiya kukonzanso. Zili bwino, ingotsegulaninso tsambali. Momwemonso, timawonjezera node ina ndipo chifukwa chake timapeza gulu lathunthu la ma node atatu ogwira ntchito.
Tsopano titha kuwongolera ma cluster node kuchokera ku GUI imodzi.
Bungwe Lopezeka Kwambiri
Proxmox kunja kwa bokosi imathandizira magwiridwe antchito a HA pamakina onse ndi zida za LXC. Zothandiza manejala amazindikira ndikuwongolera zolakwika ndi zolephera, kuchita failover kuchokera ku node yolephera kupita ku yogwira ntchito. Kuti makinawa azigwira ntchito moyenera, ndikofunikira kuti makina ndi zotengera zenizeni zikhale ndi zosungira zofananira.
Pambuyo poyambitsa ntchito ya High Availability, pulogalamu ya pulogalamu ya ha-manager idzayang'anira mosalekeza momwe makinawo alili kapena chidebe ndikulumikizana mosagwirizana ndi ma cluster node ena.
Kulumikiza zosungirako zogawana
Mwachitsanzo, tidatumiza gawo laling'ono la fayilo ya NFS pa 192.168.88.18. Kuti node zonse za cluster zitha kuzigwiritsa ntchito, muyenera kuchita zotsatirazi.
Sankhani kuchokera pa intaneti mawonekedwe menyu Datacenter - yosungirako - Add - NFS.
Lembani minda ID ΠΈ Seva. M'ndandanda wotsitsa Tumizani sankhani chikwatu chomwe mukufuna kuchokera pazomwe zilipo komanso pamndandanda Timasangalala - mitundu ya data yofunika. Pambuyo kukanikiza batani kuwonjezera kusungirako kudzalumikizidwa ndi node zonse zamagulu.
Popanga makina enieni ndi zotengera pa node iliyonse, timafotokozera zathu yosungirako monga yosungirako.
Kupanga HA
Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tipange chidebe chokhala ndi Ubuntu 18.04 ndikukonzekera Kupezeka Kwapamwamba kwa icho. Pambuyo popanga ndi kuyendetsa chidebecho, pitani ku gawolo Datacenter-HA-Add. M'munda womwe umatsegulidwa, tchulani ID ya makina / chotengera ndi kuchuluka kwa kuyesa kuyambiranso ndikusuntha pakati pa node.
Ngati nambalayi ipyola, hypervisor idzawonetsa VM ngati yalephera ndikuyiyika mu Zolakwika, pambuyo pake idzasiya kuchita chilichonse ndi icho.
Pambuyo kukanikiza batani kuwonjezera zofunikira manejala adzadziwitsa node zonse za gululo kuti tsopano VM yokhala ndi ID yodziwika ikuwongoleredwa ndipo pakagwa ngozi iyenera kuyambiranso pa mfundo ina.
Tiyeni tipange ngozi
Kuti muwone momwe makina osinthira amagwirira ntchito, tiyeni tizimitse magetsi a node1 molakwika. Timayang'ana kuchokera ku mfundo ina zomwe zikuchitika ndi masango. Tikuwona kuti dongosololi lakonza zolephera.
Kugwira ntchito kwa makina a HA sikukutanthauza kupitiriza kwa VM. "Node ikagwa", ntchito ya VM imayimitsidwa kwakanthawi mpaka ingoyambiranso pamfundo ina.
Ndipo apa "matsenga" akuyamba - gululo lidagawiranso mfundo kuti liyendetse VM yathu ndipo mkati mwa masekondi 120 ntchitoyo idabwezeretsedwanso.
Timazimitsa node2 pa zakudya. Tiyeni tiwone ngati gululo lidzapulumuka komanso ngati VM idzabwereranso kumalo ogwirira ntchito.
Tsoka, monga tikuonera, tili ndi vuto chifukwa palibenso quorum pa node yokhayo yomwe yatsala, yomwe imalepheretsa HA. Timapereka lamulo kukakamiza kukhazikitsa quorum mu console.
pvecm expected 1
Pambuyo pa mphindi 2, makina a HA adagwira ntchito moyenera ndipo, osapeza node2, adayambitsa VM yathu pa node3.
Titangotembenuza node1 ndi node2 kubwerera, gululo linabwezeretsedwa bwino. Chonde dziwani kuti VM sibwerera ku node1 yokha, koma izi zitha kuchitika pamanja.
Kuphatikizidwa
Tidakuuzani momwe makina ophatikizira a Proxmox amagwirira ntchito, ndikukuwonetsaninso momwe HA imapangidwira pamakina ndi zotengera. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito koyenera kwa magulu ndi HA kumawonjezera kwambiri kudalirika kwa zomangamanga, komanso kupereka chithandizo cha tsoka.
Musanapange masango, muyenera kukonzekera nthawi yomweyo zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso kuchuluka kwake komwe kudzafunika kukulitsidwa mtsogolo. Muyeneranso kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a netiweki kuti mukonzekere kugwira ntchito ndikuchedwa pang'ono kuti gulu lamtsogolo ligwire ntchito popanda zolephera.
Tiuzeni - mukugwiritsa ntchito luso lophatikizana la Proxmox? Tikuyembekezerani mu ndemanga.
Zolemba zam'mbuyo pa Proxmox VE hypervisor:
Source: www.habr.com