Tsiku lina intaneti "inasintha" zaka 30. Panthawiyi, chidziwitso ndi zosowa za digito za bizinesi zakula kwambiri kotero kuti lero sitikulankhulanso za chipinda cha seva yamakampani kapena kufunikira kokhala pamalo opangira deta, koma za kubwereka maukonde onse opangira ma data. malo okhala ndi magawo otsatizana nawo. Komanso, sitikulankhula za ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe zili ndi data yayikulu (zimphona zili ndi malo awoawo), koma ngakhale zamakampani apakati omwe amakhala ndi zosintha pafupipafupi zamagawo a database (mwachitsanzo, masitolo apaintaneti) ndi ntchito zokhala ndi data yothamanga kwambiri. kusinthana (mwachitsanzo, mabanki).
Chifukwa chiyani bizinesi ikufunika dongosolo la malo ogawa data?
Dongosolo loterolo limakhala ndi zovuta za IT, zomwe zimagawidwa molingana ndi mfundo: main data center ndi dera la data center. Poyamba amakhala ndi zida zoganizira momwe zidziwitso zimayendera komanso njira zamabizinesi amakampani omwe akutukuka masiku ano ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kusasokonezedwa kwamayendedwe ndi njirazi.
▍N'chifukwa chiyani amagawidwa?
Choyamba, chifukwa cha chiopsezo chothyola mazira onse omwe amaikidwa mudengu limodzi. Masiku ano, pakufunika mayankho olekerera zolakwika omwe angawonetsetse kuti ntchito zamakampani, ntchito, ndi mawebusayiti nthawi zonse zikuyenda bwino. Ngakhale kumapeto kwa dziko. Zomangamanga zamakompyuta zotere siziyenera kungosunga deta moyenera, komanso kuchepetsa nthawi yopumira yamakampani (werengani: bizinesi) ntchito za IT, panthawi ya mliri wa kutsekeka kwa Roskomnadzor, ndi pakagwa masoka achilengedwe, komanso pakagwa tsoka lenileni lopangidwa ndi anthu, komanso mikhalidwe ina iliyonse yamphamvu . Sizopanda pake kuti mayankho awa amatchedwa kuchira kwatsoka.
Kuti muchite izi, masamba a makompyuta omwe amagwira ntchito ku kampaniyo ayenera kuchotsedwa wina ndi mnzake patali molingana ndi dongosolo linalake (onani tebulo ndi chithunzi pansipa). Ngati ndi kotheka, ndondomeko yobwezeretsa masoka (DR-Plan) imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikusamutsira makasitomala kumalo ena ochezera a pa Intaneti pogwiritsa ntchito njira zolekerera zolakwika ndi mapulogalamu a mapulogalamu omwe ali abwino pazochitika zilizonse (kubwereza deta, kubwezeretsa, etc.).
Kachiwiri, kupititsa patsogolo zokolola. Mumayendedwe abwinobwino (osati kukakamiza majeure, koma ndi katundu wapamwamba), malo ogawa deta adapangidwa kuti awonjezere zokolola zamakampani ndikuchepetsa kutayika kwa chidziwitso (mwachitsanzo, pakuwukira kwa DDoS). Apa, zovuta zolemetsa pakati pa ma computing node zimayatsidwa: katunduyo amagawidwanso mofanana, ndipo ngati imodzi mwa node ikulephera, ntchito zake zidzatengedwa ndi mfundo zina zovuta.
Chachitatu, kuti ntchito bwino nthambi zakutali. Kwa makampani omwe ali ndi magawo ambiri, njira zosungiramo zapakati ndi kukonza zidziwitso zogawidwa m'malo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthambi iliyonse ikhoza kugwira ntchito ndi kuchuluka kwake kwa deta, yomwe idzaphatikizidwa mu database imodzi ya ofesi yapakati. Kenako, kusintha kwa database yapakati kumawonetsedwa muzosunga zamadipatimenti.
▍Mapangidwe a malo ogawa data
Malo omwe amagawidwa m'malo amagawidwa m'mitundu inayi. Kwa wogwiritsa ntchito kunja, amawoneka ngati dongosolo limodzi: kasamalidwe kameneka kamapezeka kudzera mu mautumiki amodzi ndi mawonekedwe othandizira.
Malo omwe amagawidwa malinga ndi malo
▍Zolinga zomwe mabizinesi amafunikira malo olandirira data:
Kupitiliza kwa data processing. Kupitiliza kumafunika kuthana ndi zovuta zaukadaulo zomwe zingachitike popanda kuyimitsa njira zamabizinesi, ngakhale njira zina zoyankhulirana komanso gawo lalikulu ladongosolo litalephera. Mwa njira, kuthekera kwadongosolo kuchita ntchito zake mkati mwa nthawi yomwe idakonzedweratu, poganizira kuchuluka kwa nthawi yogwira ntchito yotetezeka komanso nthawi yobwezeretsa magwiridwe antchito () mlingo wodalirika wa data center umatsimikiziridwa. Pali magawo anayi onse: TIER1, TIER2, TIER3, TIER4; chizindikiro chapamwamba, zida zodalirika zapakatipo komanso kukweza kwazinthu zake zonse.
Kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola ndi mphamvu. Ngati ndi kotheka (katundu wapamwamba), kuthekera kowonjezera mphamvu ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a malo osungira zosunga zobwezeretsera chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwachuma: kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri zida zamakompyuta pamakina onse ogawidwa. Scalability imapereka mwayi wosinthika, wofunidwa pamakompyuta kudzera pakusintha kosinthika.
Kukana kowopsa. Izi zimatheka posunga mphamvu zamakompyuta pamalo akutali. Kugwira ntchito kwadongosolo kumatheka pokhazikitsa malo obwezeretsa a RPO ndi nthawi yochira ya RTO (kuchuluka kwa chitetezo ndi liwiro la kuchira kumadalira mtengo).
Ntchito zogawidwa. Zida ndi ntchito za kampani ya IT zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zomwe zili pansi ndikuperekedwa m'malo okhala anthu ambiri pakufunika komanso pamlingo.
Kutanthauzira kwamalo ntchito. Kuti muwonjezere omvera omwe mukufuna ndikulowetsa kampaniyo m'misika yatsopano.
Kukhathamiritsa kwamitengo. Kupanga ndi kusunga malo anu a data ndizovuta kwambiri polojekiti. Kwa makampani ambiri, makamaka akuluakulu omwe amagawidwa komanso omwe akukonzekera malo atsopano pamsika, kutulutsa zida za IT kungathandize kupulumutsa kwambiri.
Chifukwa chiyani kuli kopindulitsa kuti bizinesi ikhale ndi malo opangira data pafupi?
Kwa mautumiki ambiri amakono ndi ntchito zamabizinesi, kuthamanga kwa malowa ndikofunikira. Kuthamanga uku kumadalira, choyamba, pa mtunda wapakati pa malo omwe amagawidwa pakati pa deta. Ngati ndi yaying'ono, ndiye kuti mauthenga amaphweka ndipo zokolola zimawonjezeka chifukwa chakuti kuchedwa kwa chizindikiro (latency) kumachepetsedwa. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka posungitsa malo. Mu chingwe cha fiber optic, kuchedwa kwa kuwala ndi pafupifupi 5 ms/km. Latency imakhudza nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito I/O, yomwe ili pafupifupi 5-10 ms.
Popeza ntchito zimayenera kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse, pomwe ziyenera kukhala ndi kupezeka kwakukulu komanso kutsika kochepa, ndikofunikira kuti bizinesi ibwereke zida za IT pafupi ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito misika yomwe akufuna.
Kuthamanga kwa malowa kumadaliranso zipangizo. Mwachitsanzo, mu malo athu atsopano a data ku IT Park ku Kazan, mutha kupeza njira ya intaneti ya 100 Mbit/s pa seva yanu yeniyeni yokhala ndi mwayi womasuka kwambiri.
Kwa bizinesi yomwe ili ndi mayiko ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito malo akunja kuti mutengere deta kuti mupulumutse ndalama zamagalimoto ndi kuchepetsa nthawi yoyankha masamba a webusaiti kwa ogwiritsa ntchito akunja. Nthawi yayitali yoyankha ndiye chifukwa ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, chifukwa chomwe omvera anu akuthawa malo anu (kutsika kwakukulu komwe kumatsogolera kutayika kwa otsogolera).
Ubwino wa malo osungira data ndi chiyani?
Poganizira zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosakhazikika ku Russia pankhani yachitetezo chazidziwitso (mwachitsanzo, kutsekeka komweku kwaposachedwa kwambiri kwa ma adilesi a IP ndi Roskomnadzor, komwe kumakhudzanso malo osagwirizana ndi Telegraph), ndikosavuta kupeza gawo lazinthu zamabizinesi a IT. kunja kwa malamulo aku Russia. Tinene kuti pobwereka ma seva ku Switzerland data center, mumakhala pansi pa malamulo a Swiss oteteza deta, omwe ndi okhwima kwambiri. Ndiko kuti: palibe mabungwe aboma aku Switzerland omwe (kupatulapo boma pamilandu yapadera), kapena mabungwe azamalamulo m'maiko ena omwe ali ndi mwayi wodziwa zambiri za maseva a "Swiss". Popanda chidziwitso cha kasitomala, deta singapemphedwe kuchokera ku malo opangira deta ndi opereka chithandizo.
Kutumiza kwa malo osungira zosunga zobwezeretsera (kapena kuchititsa) patali () malo ali ovomerezeka mwadongosolo ngati pakufunika kusamuka kosautsa kwa ntchito zofunikira zabizinesi chifukwa cha ntchito yawo yosasokoneza.
Zambiri za Kazan data Center
Popeza tikukamba kale za data center ku Kazan, tiyeni tidzilole tokha malonda ang'onoang'ono otsatsa malonda. "IT Park", yomwe ili ndi malo opangira data, ndiye paki yayikulu kwambiri paukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri ku Tatarstan. Iyi ndi 3 MW TIER2,5 level data center yomwe ili ndi dera la kilomita imodzi ndi mphamvu zokhala ndi ma racks oposa 300.
Chitetezo pamlingo wakuthupi chimatsimikiziridwa ndi mabwalo awiri achitetezo okhala ndi zida, makamera amakanema mozungulira kuzungulira, njira yolowera pasipoti pakhomo, dongosolo la biometric ACS (zisindikizo zala) m'chipinda cha makompyuta komanso ngakhale kavalidwe ka alendo (zovala, zapadera). zophimba nsapato ndi makina ovala).
Zipinda zonse zaumisiri ndi zipinda za seva zili ndi makina ozimitsa moto a gasi okhala ndi masensa a utsi, omwe amalola kuchotsa gwero la kuyatsa popanda kuwononga zida zapamwamba kwambiri. Njira zopulumutsira mphamvu, kuziziritsa, ndi mpweya wabwino zimayendetsedwa pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo zinthu zofunika kwambiri pamakinawa zimakhala m'zipinda zosiyana.
Tidatumiza zone yathu ya hermetic ku IT Park data center. Deta ya data ili ndi SLA ya 99.982%, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimagwirizana kwathunthu ndi zofunikira zapadziko lonse lapansi kuti zikhazikike pakugwira ntchito kwa malo opangira deta. Ili ndi zilolezo zochokera ku FSTEC ndi FSB, satifiketi ya PCI-DSS, yomwe imakulolani kuyika zida kuchokera kumabungwe omwe akugwira ntchito ndi data yanu (mabanki ndi ena). Ndipo, monga nthawi zonse, mitengo ya ma seva enieni kuchokera kwa omwe amapereka RUVDS mu data center iyi samasiyana ndi mitengo ya. m'malo athu ena a data ku Moscow, St. Petersburg, London, Zurich.
Source: www.habr.com