Monga mukukumbukira, kumayambiriro kwa Meyi 2019, Purezidenti adasaina Lamulo la "Pa Internet Sovereign," lomwe lidzayamba kugwira ntchito pa Novembara 1. Lamuloli mwadzina limapangidwa kuti liwonetsetse kuti gawo la Russia la intaneti likugwira ntchito mosasunthika ngati atachotsedwa pa World Wide Web kapena kuwukira kogwirizana. Chotsatira ndi chiyani?
Kumapeto kwa Meyi, Unduna wa za Telecom ndi Mass Communications udakonza chigamulo cha boma "Povomereza Ndondomeko yoyang'anira pakati pa network yolumikizirana ndi anthu." Mutha kuwerenga zolemba zonse za polojekitiyi komanso momwe zokambirana zake zikuyendera .
Chigamulochi chikutanthauzira "Njira yoyang'anira pakati pa network yolumikizirana ndi anthu." Ndiko kuti, pazifukwa ziti zomwe gawo lapanyumba la intaneti lidzapangidwa kukhala "lodziyimira pawokha". Ndipo ndani achite izi komanso pazifukwa ziti (kapena monyenga, kwa aliyense wake).
Kawirikawiri, polojekitiyi ikuphatikizapo:
- mitundu yakuwopseza kukhazikika, chitetezo ndi kukhulupirika kwa maukonde;
- malamulo ozindikiritsa zowopseza, njira zothetsera;
- zofunikira pakuyanjana kwa bungwe ndi luso mkati mwa dongosolo la kasamalidwe kapakati pamaneti;
- njira za Roskomnadzor zodziwira kuthekera kwaukadaulo koperekera malangizo mkati mwa kasamalidwe kapakati pamaneti;
- mikhalidwe ndi milandu yomwe wogwiritsa ntchito pa telecom ali ndi ufulu woyendetsa magalimoto kudzera munjira zaukadaulo zothana ndi ziwopsezo.
Kodi ndi liti pamene Intaneti imakhala yoopsa kwambiri?
Ponena za chinthu chomaliza pamndandanda, polojekitiyi ikuwonetsa mitundu itatu ya ziwopsezo:
- zowopseza kukhulupirika kwa maukonde - Kuwopseza kusokonezeka kwa kuthekera kwa maukonde olumikizirana kulumikizana, momwe zimakhala zosatheka kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi (kapena) kusamutsa zidziwitso pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga.
- kuwopseza kukhazikika kwa maukonde - zowopseza zomwe kuthekera kwa ma netiweki kukhalabe kukhulupirika mumayendedwe okhazikika kumasokonekera, pakalephera gawo lazinthu zolumikizirana ndikubwerera ku chikhalidwe chake choyambirira (kudalirika kwa maukonde olumikizirana), monga komanso ngati zikoka zakunja zosokoneza zachilengedwe komanso zopangidwa ndi anthu (kupulumuka kwa netiweki yolumikizirana).
- zowopseza chitetezo chamaneti - ziwopsezo zakusokonekera kwa kuthekera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito telecom kukana kuyesa kosaloledwa kwa hardware ndi mapulogalamu a netiweki ndi kuwukira mwadala, zomwe zotsatira zake zitha kukhala kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a netiweki yolumikizirana.
Unduna wa za Telecom ndi Mass Communications, mogwirizana ndi FSB, umasankha mndandanda wazomwe zikuwopseza. Kuthekera kwa chiwopsezo kutha kuperekedwa magawo otsatirawa: otsika, apakati, apamwamba. Kuopsa kwachiwopsezo kungakhazikitsidwe kukhala: otsika, apakati, apamwamba.
Kuthekera kwa kukhazikitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa ngozi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi Rosokomnadzor, kutengera deta yowunikira maukonde. Mndandanda wazomwe zikuwopseza pano uyenera kusindikizidwa patsamba lawo lovomerezeka.
Koma chinthu chofunika kwambiri:
"Kuwongolera kwapakati pamaneti olumikizirana ndi anthu kumachitika pakachitika chiwopsezo chachangu, mwayi woti uli wokwera komanso (kapena) chiwopsezo chomwe chikuyembekezeka kukhala chokwera."
Mphika, musawiritse
Kuphatikiza pa "Njira yoyang'anira centralized ...", bilu ina idayambitsidwa. "Pakuvomerezedwa ndi malamulo oyendetsera masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti awonetsetse kuti zidziwitso ndi maukonde olumikizana ndi ma telecommunications network" Internet "ndi ma network olankhulana pagulu la Russian Federation").
Pulojekitiyi "imayang'anira njira yochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi kuti apititse patsogolo chitetezo chazidziwitso, kukhulupirika ndi kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito a intaneti ya zidziwitso zapaintaneti ndi ma telecommunications network komanso ma network ochezera pagulu la Russia ...". Tanthauzo la zochitika mu polojekitiyi zaperekedwa motere:
"Zochita zolimbitsa thupi ndi gulu lazinthu zamagulu, zaukadaulo komanso zanzeru zomwe zimayang'ana omwe akuchita nawo masewerawa omwe akuchita ntchito zophunzitsira panthawi inayake pomwe kuwopseza kukhulupirika, kukhazikika ndi chitetezo chogwira ntchito m'gawo la Russian Federation ya intaneti komanso pagulu. ma network amalumikizana."
Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimachitidwa ku federal ndi zigawo. Otenga nawo mbali pazochita izi, malinga ndi chigamulocho, ndi:
"Ogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga, eni ake kapena eni ake a maukonde olankhulana zamakono, eni ake kapena eni ake a malo osinthanitsa magalimoto, eni kapena eni ake a njira zoyankhulirana zomwe zimadutsa malire a Boma la Russian Federation, anthu ena, ngati anthu otere ali ndi nambala yodziyimira yokha, komanso Unduna wa Digital Development, kulumikizana ndi mauthenga ambiri a Russian Federation, Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Defense ya Russian Federation, Federal Security Service ya Russian Federation, Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense. , Emergency and Disaster Relief, Federal Service for Supervision of Communications and Information Technologies and mass communications, Federal Communications Agency. Akuluakulu ena aboma ndi maboma ang'onoang'ono atha kutenga nawo gawo pazochitazi malinga ndi lingaliro la Unduna wa Zachitukuko Pamakompyuta, Kulumikizana ndi Kulumikizana Kwakukulu ku Russian Federation. "
Zolinga zodziwika za ntchitoyi ndi:
- kuonetsetsa chitetezo, kukhulupirika ndi kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito a intaneti ndi maukonde olankhulirana pagulu la Russian Federation;
- kuonetsetsa chitetezo, kukhulupirika ndi kukhazikika kwa ntchito ya intaneti ya Russian Federation (inde, zatsimikiziridwa kale kuti pali "Internet" ya Russian Federation);
- kubwezeretsanso maukonde olumikizirana panthawi yadzidzidzi zachilengedwe komanso zopangidwa ndi anthu.
Zolinga zazikulu za ntchitoyi zikuwoneka motere:
- kutsimikiza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zodziwira zomwe zingawopsyeze chitetezo chazidziwitso, kukhulupirika ndi kukhazikika kwa zidziwitso zapaintaneti ndi maukonde olankhulana ndi mauthenga amtundu wa anthu pagawo la Russian Federation, komanso kufotokozera zitsanzo zowopseza;
- kukonzanso miyezo yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa magwiridwe antchito a "Internet" ndi maukonde olumikizirana pagulu la Russian Federation;
- maphunziro pakugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonetsetsa kuti zidziwitso ndi maukonde otumizirana ma telecommunication "Internet" ndi maukonde olankhulirana pagulu pagawo la Russian Federation;
- kafukufuku ndi kuwongolera njira ndi njira zowonetsetsa kuti chitetezo chazidziwitso ndi matelefoni "Internet" ndi maukonde olankhulirana pagulu la Russian Federation.
Kutengera dongosololi, lamulo la Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications ku Russia limasankha mtsogoleri wamasewerawa ndi akuluakulu omwe akuphatikizidwa mu utsogoleri wa zochitikazo, zida zapakati, magulu owongolera ndi kafukufuku (ngati kuli kofunikira), komanso mabungwe. m'munda wa mauthenga omwe akugwira nawo ntchitoyi.
Mabungwe omwe atenga nawo gawo pazoyesererazi atha kuphatikiza oyendetsa ma telecom, kuphatikiza eni malo osinthira magalimoto, eni ake amizere yolumikizirana ndi matekinoloje olumikizirana, komanso anthu omwe ali ndi manambala odziyimira pawokha.
Patangotha mwezi umodzi kutha kwa ntchitoyi, Center for Monitoring and Management of the Public Communications Network, mogwirizana ndi akuluakulu aboma ndi mabungwe okhudzana ndi zolumikizirana, amasanthula mwatsatanetsatane, kufananiza, kutsimikizira ndi kaphatikizidwe kazinthu zomwe zidachitika pa intaneti. masewero olimbitsa thupi, ndipo mapeto amapangidwa malinga ndi zotsatira zake.
Mapeto amavomerezedwa ndi Unduna wa Telecom ndi Mass Communications mogwirizana ndi Unduna wa Zachitetezo ku Russian Federation, FSB ndi FSO, ndipo uli ndi malingaliro opititsa patsogolo chitetezo chazidziwitso, kukhulupirika ndi kukhazikika kwa intaneti ndi maukonde olankhulana pagulu. Chitaganya cha Russia ndi ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito yawo.
anapezazo
Koma sipadzakhala. Pali zongopeka zambiri pankhaniyi. Ndizotheka kuti kuwonjezera pa chilichonse, makampani a IT ayenera kulandira pafupipafupi FSB, FSTEC kapena mabungwe ena ofunika kwambiri. Kapena mwina pakhala mayeso okhudzana ndi kuthekera kogwira ntchito mukalumikizidwa pa World Wide Web. Ndani akudziwa zomwe tsiku likubwerali latikonzera?
Source: www.habr.com