Ife tikuyankhula, ndithudi, za . Ngati simulowa mwatsatanetsatane, ndiye kuti pa Seputembara 30 ndi Okutobala 1 tidzakhala ndi msonkhano wophatikiza njira zachitukuko, kuyesa ndi magwiridwe antchito, ndipo ngati mungalowe mwatsatanetsatane, chonde, pansi pa mphaka.
Mkati mwa njira ya DevOps, mbali zonse za chitukuko cha teknoloji ya polojekitiyi zimagwirizanitsidwa, zimachitika mofanana ndi kukopana. Chofunikira kwambiri apa ndikupanga njira zopangira zokha zomwe zingasinthidwe, kuyesedwa ndikuyesedwa munthawi yeniyeni. Izi zimakuthandizani kuyankha nthawi yomweyo kusintha kwa msika.
Pamsonkhano tikufuna kusonyeza momwe njirayi imakhudzira chitukuko cha mankhwala. Momwe kudalirika ndi kusinthika kwadongosolo kwa kasitomala kumatsimikiziridwa. Momwe DevOps ikusintha kapangidwe ndi njira ya kampani kuti ikonzekere ntchito yake.
kuseri kwazithunzi
Ndikofunika kuti tisamangodziwa zomwe makampani osiyanasiyana akuchita mkati mwa njira ya DevOps, komanso kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake zonsezi zikuchitika. Chifukwa chake, sitinaitane akatswiri okha kuti alowe mu Komiti ya Pulogalamuyi, koma akatswiri omwe amawona nkhani za DevOps kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana:
- mainjiniya akuluakulu;
- opanga;
- otsogolera timu;
- Mtengo wa magawo CTO.
Kumbali imodzi, izi zimabweretsa zovuta ndi mikangano pokambirana zopempha za malipoti. Ngati injiniya ali ndi chidwi chofufuza ngozi yaikulu, ndiye kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti wopanga mapulogalamu amvetsetse momwe angapangire mapulogalamu omwe amagwira ntchito mumitambo ndi zowonongeka. Koma povomereza, timapanga pulogalamu yomwe idzakhala yofunika komanso yosangalatsa kwa aliyense: kuchokera kwa mainjiniya kupita ku CTO.
Cholinga cha msonkhano wathu sikuti ndikungosankha malipoti achinyengo kwambiri, koma kuwonetsa chithunzi chonse: momwe njira ya DevOps imagwirira ntchito, ndi mtundu wanji womwe mungathamangire mukamasamukira kuzinthu zatsopano. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, timapanga gawo lazinthu, kutsika kuchokera ku vuto la bizinesi kupita ku matekinoloje enaake.
Zigawo za msonkhano zidzakhala zofanana ndi mu .
- nsanja ya zomangamanga.
- Infrastructure ngati code.
- Kutumiza mosalekeza.
- Ndemanga.
- Zomangamanga mu DevOps, DevOps za CTO.
- Zochita za SRE.
- Maphunziro ndi kasamalidwe ka chidziwitso.
- Chitetezo, DevSecOps.
- Kusintha kwa DevOps.
Kuitana Mapepala: ndi mtundu wanji wa malipoti omwe tikufuna
Tinagawa anthu omwe angakhale nawo pamsonkhanowo m'magulu asanu: mainjiniya, opanga mapulogalamu, akatswiri achitetezo, otsogolera magulu ndi CTO. Gulu lirilonse liri ndi zolinga zake kuti libwere kumsonkhanowu. Ndipo, ngati muyang'ana pa DevOps kuchokera m'malo awa, mutha kumvetsetsa momwe mungayang'anire mutu wanu komanso komwe mungatsindike.
Kwa mainjiniya, omwe akupanga nsanja yachitukuko, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika, kuti mumvetsetse zomwe matekinoloje omwe tsopano ali apamwamba kwambiri. Adzakhala ndi chidwi chophunzira za zochitika zenizeni pakugwiritsa ntchito matekinolojewa ndi kusinthana maganizo. Wopanga injini angasangalale kumvetsera lipoti losanthula ngozi zina zolimba, ndipo ifenso, tidzayesa kusankha ndi kupukuta lipoti lotere.
Kwa Madivelopa ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa lingaliro ngati cloud native application. Ndiko kuti, momwe mungapangire mapulogalamu kuti azigwira ntchito mumitambo ndi zida zosiyanasiyana. Wopanga mapulogalamuwa amayenera kulandira nthawi zonse mayankho kuchokera ku pulogalamuyo. Pano tikufuna kumva milandu yokhudza momwe makampani amapangira njirayi, momwe angayang'anire momwe mapulogalamu amagwirira ntchito, ndi momwe ntchito yonse yobweretsera imagwirira ntchito.
Akatswiri a chitetezo cha pa intaneti Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe mungakhazikitsire ndondomeko ya chitetezo kuti zisasokoneze chitukuko ndi kusintha njira mkati mwa kampani. Mitu yazofunikira zomwe DevOps imayika pa akatswiri otere idzakhalanso yosangalatsa.
Otsogolera timu akufuna kudziwa, momwe njira yoperekera mosalekeza imagwirira ntchito m'makampani ena. Ndi njira ziti zomwe makampani adatenga kuti akwaniritse izi, adapanga bwanji njira zachitukuko ndi chitsimikizo chamtundu mkati mwa DevOps. Otsogolera timu alinso ndi chidwi ndi Cloud native. Komanso mafunso okhudzana ndi kuyanjana mkati mwa gulu komanso pakati pa magulu a chitukuko ndi mainjiniya.
chifukwa CTO chofunikira kwambiri ndikuzindikira momwe mungalumikizire njira zonsezi ndikuzisintha kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zabizinesi. Amaonetsetsa kuti ntchitoyo ndi yodalirika kwa bizinesi ndi kasitomala. Ndipo apa muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti ndi ukadaulo uti womwe ungagwire ntchito zamabizinesi, momwe mungapangire njira yonse, ndi zina. CTO ilinso ndi udindo wopanga bajeti. Mwachitsanzo, ayenera kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsanso akatswiri kuti athe kugwira ntchito ku DevOps.
Ngati muli nako kunena pa izi, musakhale chete; . Tsiku lomaliza la Kuitana Mapepala ndi Ogasiti 20. Mukalembetsa koyambirira, mudzakhala ndi nthawi yochulukirapo yomaliza lipoti lanu ndikukonzekera ulaliki wanu. Choncho, musachedwe.
Chabwino, ngati mulibe chifukwa cholankhula pagulu, basi ndipo bwerani pa Seputembara 30 ndi Okutobala 1 kudzalankhulana ndi anzawo. Tikulonjeza kuti zikhala zosangalatsa komanso zolimbikitsa.
Momwe timawonera DevOps
Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe tikutanthauza ndi DevOps, ndikupangira kuwerenga (kapena kuwerenganso) lipoti langa "" Ndikuyenda pamsika, ndidawona momwe lingaliro la DevOps limasinthira m'makampani akulu akulu: kuyambira poyambira pang'ono kupita kumakampani akumayiko osiyanasiyana. Lipotili limamangidwa pa mafunso angapo, powayankha mutha kumvetsetsa ngati kampani yanu ikupita ku DevOps kapena pali mavuto kwinakwake.
DevOps ndi dongosolo lovuta, liyenera kuphatikiza:
- Digital mankhwala.
- Ma module amabizinesi omwe amapanga chida cha digito.
- Magulu ogulitsa omwe amalemba khodi.
- Mchitidwe Wosatha Wopereka.
- Mapulatifomu ngati ntchito.
- Infrastructure ngati ntchito.
- Infrastructure ngati code.
- Njira zosiyana zosungira kudalirika, zomangidwa mu DevOps.
- Mchitidwe wobwereza womwe umafotokoza zonse.
Pamapeto pa lipotili pali chithunzi chomwe chimapereka lingaliro la dongosolo la DevOps mukampani. Ikuthandizani kuti muwone njira zomwe kampani yanu yasinthidwa kale komanso zomwe zikuyenera kumangidwa.
Mutha kuwona vidiyo ya lipotilo .
Ndipo tsopano padzakhala bonasi: mavidiyo angapo ochokera ku RIT ++ 2019, omwe amakhudza nkhani zambiri zakusintha kwa DevOps.
Zomangamanga zamakampani ngati chinthu
Artyom Naumenko amatsogolera gulu la DevOps ku Skyeng ndipo amasamalira chitukuko cha zomangamanga za kampani yake. Adanenanso momwe zomangamanga zimakhudzira njira zamabizinesi ku SkyEng: momwe mungawerengere ROI yake, ndi ma metric omwe akuyenera kusankhidwa kuti awerengedwe komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino.
Panjira yopita ku microservices
Kampani ya Nixys imapereka chithandizo pama projekiti otanganidwa a pa intaneti komanso makina ogawa. Mtsogoleri wake waukadaulo, Boris Ershov, adauza momwe mungamasulire zinthu zamapulogalamu, zomwe zidayamba zaka 5 zapitazo (kapena kupitilira apo), papulatifomu yamakono.
Monga lamulo, mapulojekiti oterowo ndi dziko lapadera pomwe pali ngodya zakuda ndi zakale za zomangamanga zomwe akatswiri amakono sadziwa za iwo. Ndipo njira zopangira zomangamanga ndi chitukuko zomwe zidasankhidwa kale ndi zachikale ndipo sizingapatse bizinesiyo liwiro lomwelo lachitukuko ndi kutulutsa kwatsopano. Zotsatira zake, kutulutsidwa kulikonse kwazinthu kumasanduka ulendo wodabwitsa, pomwe china chake chimagwa nthawi zonse, komanso pamalo osayembekezeka.
Oyang'anira ntchito zotere amakumana ndi kufunika kosintha njira zonse zaukadaulo. Mu lipoti lake, Boris adati:
- momwe mungasankhire kamangidwe koyenera kwa polojekitiyi ndikuyika zowonongeka;
- ndi zida ziti zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito komanso zovuta zomwe zimakumana ndi njira yosinthira;
- chochita kenako.
Zotulutsa zokha kapena momwe mungatulutsire mwachangu komanso mopanda ululu
Alexander Korotkov ndi wotsogola wopanga makina a CI/CD ku CIAN. Adalankhula za zida zamagetsi zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kuwongolera bwino ndikuchepetsa nthawi yopereka ma code kuti apange nthawi 5. Koma zotsatirazi sizikanatheka ndi zokha zokha, choncho Alexander nayenso kulabadira kusintha njira chitukuko.
Kodi ngozi zimakuthandizani bwanji kuphunzira?
Alexey Kirpichnikov wakhala akugwiritsa ntchito DevOps ndi zomangamanga ku SKB Kontur kwa zaka 5. Pazaka zitatu, pafupifupi 1000 fakaps zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya epicness zidachitika pakampani yake. Pakati pawo, mwachitsanzo, 36% idayambitsidwa ndi kutulutsa kumasulidwa kotsika kwambiri pakupanga, ndipo 14% idayambitsidwa ndi ntchito yokonza zida zama data.
Kusungidwa kwa malipoti (post-mortems) omwe mainjiniya a kampaniyo akhala akusamalira kwa zaka zingapo zotsatizana kumapangitsa kuti athe kupeza chidziwitso cholondola chokhudza ngozi. The post-mortem inalembedwa ndi injiniya pa ntchito, amene anali woyamba kuyankha chizindikiro mwadzidzidzi ndipo anayamba kukonza chirichonse. Kodi nchifukwa ninji amazunza mainjiniya amene amavutika ndi zithunzithunzi usiku polemba malipoti? Deta iyi imakulolani kuti muwone chithunzi chonse ndikusuntha chitukuko cha zomangamanga m'njira yoyenera.
M'mawu ake, Alexey adagawana momwe angalembere postmortem yothandiza komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito malipoti otere pakampani yayikulu. Ngati mumakonda nkhani za momwe wina adasokoneza, onerani vidiyoyi.
Tikumvetsetsa kuti masomphenya anu a DevOps mwina sangafanane ndi athu. Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kudziwa momwe mumawonera kusintha kwa DevOps. Gawani zomwe mwakumana nazo komanso masomphenya a mutuwu mu ndemanga.
Ndi malipoti ati omwe talandira kale papulogalamuyi?
Sabata ino Komiti ya Pulogalamuyi inatenga malipoti a 4: pa chitetezo, zomangamanga ndi machitidwe a SRE.
Mwina mutu wowawa kwambiri wa kusintha kwa DevOps: momwe mungatsimikizire kuti anyamata ochokera ku dipatimenti yachitetezo chazidziwitso asawononge kulumikizana komwe kwamangidwa kale pakati pa chitukuko, ntchito ndi kayendetsedwe. Makampani ena amayendetsa popanda dipatimenti yoteteza zidziwitso. Kodi kuonetsetsa chitetezo zambiri pankhaniyi? Za izi Mona Arkhipov wochokera ku sudo.su. Kuchokera ku lipoti lake tikuphunzirapo:
- zomwe ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi kwa ndani;
- ndi njira zodzitetezera nthawi zonse;
- momwe IT ndi njira zotetezera chidziwitso zimayenderana;
- CIS CSC ndi chiyani komanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito;
- momwe komanso ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimayendera pafupipafupi chitetezo chazidziwitso.
Lipoti lotsatira likukhudzana ndi chitukuko cha zomangamanga monga code. Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa machitidwe amanja osasintha ntchito yonse kukhala chipwirikiti, kodi izi ndizotheka? Kwa funso ili Maxim Kostrikin wochokera ku Ixtens. Kampani yake imagwiritsa ntchito Terraform kuti mugwire ntchito ndi zomangamanga za AWS. Chidacho ndi chosavuta, koma funso ndi momwe mungapewere kupanga chipika chachikulu mukachigwiritsa ntchito. Kusamalira cholowa choterocho kudzakwera mtengo chaka chilichonse.
Maxim awonetsa momwe machitidwe oyika ma code amagwirira ntchito, cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa makina ndi chitukuko.
Wina timva za zomangamanga Vladimir Ryabov kuchokera ku Playkey. Apa tikambirana za nsanja ya zomangamanga, ndipo tiphunzira:
- momwe mungamvetsetse ngati malo osungira akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino;
- momwe mazana angapo ogwiritsa ntchito angalandire 10 TB yokhutira ngati 20 TB yokha yosungirako ikugwiritsidwa ntchito;
- momwe mungasinthire deta kasanu ndikupereka kwa ogwiritsa ntchito munthawi yeniyeni;
- momwe mungagwirizanitse deta pa ntchentche pakati pa malo angapo a deta;
- momwe mungathetsere chikoka chilichonse cha ogwiritsa ntchito wina ndi mnzake mukamagwiritsa ntchito makina amodzi motsatizana.
Chinsinsi cha matsenga awa ndi teknoloji ZFS ya FreeBSD ndi foloko yake yatsopano ZFS pa Linux. Vladimir agawana milandu kuchokera ku Playkey.
Matvey Kukuy from Amixr.IO okonzeka ndi zitsanzo za moyo , zomwe zachitika SONA ndi momwe zimathandizire kumanga machitidwe odalirika. Amixr.IO imadutsa zochitika zamakasitomala kudzera kumbuyo kwake; magulu ambiri omwe ali pantchito padziko lonse lapansi athana ndi milandu 150. Pamsonkhanowu, Matvey adzagawana ziwerengero ndi zidziwitso zomwe kampani yake idapeza pothetsa mavuto a makasitomala ndikuwunika zolephera.
Apanso ndikukulimbikitsani kuti musakhale aumbombo ndikugawana zomwe mwakumana nazo ngati samurai wa DevOps. Kutumikira kuti mupereke lipoti, ndipo inu ndi ine tikhala ndi miyezi 2,5 yokonzekera mawu abwino kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kukhala womvera, kupita m'makalata ndi zosintha zamapulogalamu ndipo ganizirani mozama za kusungitsa matikiti pasadakhale, chifukwa adzakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri pafupi ndi masiku a msonkhano.
Source: www.habr.com