Kuyambira Meyi 2020, malonda ovomerezeka a WD My Book hard drive akunja omwe amathandizira kubisa kwa hardware ya AES yokhala ndi kiyi ya 256-bit ayamba ku Russia. Chifukwa cha zoletsa zamalamulo, zida zotere zidatha kugulidwa m'masitolo amagetsi akunja akunja kapena pamsika wa "grey", koma tsopano aliyense atha kupeza galimoto yotetezedwa ndi chitsimikizo chazaka zitatu kuchokera ku Western Digital. Polemekeza chochitika chofunikirachi, tidaganiza zopanga ulendo waufupi m'mbiri ndikuwona momwe Advanced Encryption Standard idawonekera komanso chifukwa chake ili yabwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mayankho omwe akupikisana nawo.
Kwa nthawi yayitali, mulingo wovomerezeka wa symmetric encryption ku United States unali DES (Data Encryption Standard), wopangidwa ndi IBM ndikuphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa Federal Information Processing Standards mu 1977 (FIPS 46-3). Algorithm imachokera ku zomwe zidapezeka panthawi ya kafukufuku wa polojekiti yotchedwa Lucifer. Pamene pa May 15, 1973, bungwe la US National Bureau of Standards linalengeza za mpikisano wokonza ndondomeko yachinsinsi ya mabungwe a boma, bungwe la America linalowa mpikisano wa cryptographic ndi mtundu wachitatu wa Lusifara, womwe unagwiritsa ntchito makina atsopano a Feistel. Ndipo pamodzi ndi ena opikisana nawo, izo zinalephera: palibe imodzi mwa ma algorithms omwe anaperekedwa ku mpikisano woyamba omwe adakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zinapangidwa ndi akatswiri a NBS.
Inde, IBM sakanangovomereza kugonja: pamene mpikisano unayambikanso pa August 27, 1974, bungwe la America linatumizanso pempho, ndikupereka mtundu wa Lusifara wabwino. Panthawiyi, oweruza analibe dandaulo limodzi: atagwira ntchito yoyenerera pa zolakwikazo, IBM inathetsa zolakwa zonse, kotero kuti palibe chodandaula. Atapambana pachigonjetso chachikulu, Lusifara adasintha dzina lake kukhala DES ndipo adasindikizidwa mu Federal Register pa Marichi 17, 1975.
Komabe, pamsonkhano wapagulu womwe unakhazikitsidwa mu 1976 kuti akambirane za mulingo watsopano wa cryptographic, DES idatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi akatswiri ammudzi. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali kusintha kwa algorithm ndi akatswiri a NSA: makamaka, kutalika kwa kiyi kunachepetsedwa kukhala ma bits 56 (poyamba Lusifara adathandizira kugwira ntchito ndi makiyi a 64- ndi 128-bit), ndipo malingaliro a midadada ya permutation adasinthidwa. . Malinga ndi olemba ma cryptographer, "zosintha" zinali zopanda tanthauzo ndipo chinthu chokhacho chomwe National Security Agency idalimbikira pakukwaniritsa zosinthazo ndikutha kuwona mwaufulu zikalata zosungidwa.
Pokhudzana ndi milanduyi, bungwe lapadera linapangidwa pansi pa Senate ya US, cholinga chake chinali kutsimikizira kuti zochita za NSA ndi zoona. Mu 1978, lipoti linasindikizidwa pambuyo pa kufufuza, lomwe linanena izi:
- Oimira NSA adagwira nawo ntchito yomaliza ya DES mosalunjika, ndipo zopereka zawo zidangokhudza kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito a ma permutation blocks;
- mtundu womaliza wa DES unakhala wosagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuthyolako komanso kusanthula kwachinsinsi kuposa choyambirira, kotero zosinthazo zinali zomveka;
- kutalika kofunikira kwa ma bits 56 ndikokwanira pazogwiritsa ntchito zambiri, chifukwa kuswa chiphaso chotere kungafune kompyuta yayikulu yomwe imawononga ndalama zosachepera makumi angapo a madola, ndipo popeza owukira wamba komanso ozembera akatswiri alibe zinthu zotere, palibe chodetsa nkhawa.
Zotsatira za komitiyi zidatsimikiziridwa pang'ono mu 1990, pamene olemba cryptographer a Israeli Eli Biham ndi Adi Shamir, akugwira ntchito pa lingaliro la kusiyana kwa cryptanalysis, adachita kafukufuku wamkulu wa ma aligorivimu chipika, kuphatikizapo DES. Asayansiwo adatsimikiza kuti mtundu watsopano wololeza umakhala wosagwirizana kwambiri ndi ziwopsezo kuposa zoyambirira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti NSA idathandizira kumabowo angapo mu algorithm.
Adi Shamir
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuchepetsa kutalika kwachinsinsi kunakhala vuto, ndipo linali lovuta kwambiri, lomwe linatsimikiziridwa motsimikizika mu 1998 ndi bungwe la Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) monga gawo la kuyesa kwa DES Challenge II, yochitidwa mothandizidwa ndi RSA Laboratory. Kompyuta yayikulu idapangidwa kuti iwononge DES, yolembedwa ndi EFF DES Cracker, yomwe idapangidwa ndi John Gilmore, woyambitsa nawo EFF komanso director of the DES Challenge project, ndi Paul Kocher, woyambitsa Cryptography Research.
Purosesa EFF DES Cracker
Dongosolo lomwe adapanga lidatha kupeza bwino fungulo lachitsanzo chobisidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nkhanza m'maola 56 okha, ndiye kuti, m'masiku osakwana atatu. Kuti achite izi, DES Cracker amayenera kuyang'ana pafupifupi kotala la zosakaniza zonse zomwe zingatheke, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale pazovuta kwambiri, kuthyolako kungatenge maola 224, ndiko kuti, masiku osapitirira 10. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mtengo wa makompyuta apamwamba, poganizira ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapangidwe ake, zinali madola 250 zikwi. Sikovuta kuganiza kuti lero ndikosavuta komanso kotchipa kuphwanya kachidindo kotere: sikuti zida zokha zakhala zamphamvu kwambiri, komanso chifukwa cha chitukuko chaukadaulo wapaintaneti, wowononga sayenera kugula kapena kubwereka. zida zofunika - ndizokwanira kupanga botnet ya ma PC omwe ali ndi kachilombo.
Kuyesera uku kunawonetsa bwino momwe DES yatha. Ndipo popeza nthawi imeneyo ma aligorivimu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupifupi 50% ya mayankho m'munda wa kubisa deta (malinga ndi kuyerekezera komweko kwa EFF), funso lopeza njira ina linakhala lovuta kwambiri kuposa kale lonse.
Mavuto atsopano - mpikisano watsopano
Kunena chilungamo, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kufunafuna cholowa m'malo mwa Data Encryption Standard kudayamba pafupifupi nthawi imodzi ndikukonzekera EFF DES Cracker: US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) kumbuyo ku 1997 idalengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa encryption aligorivimu mpikisano wopangidwa kuti azindikire "golide muyezo" watsopano wa cryptosecurity. Ndipo ngati m'masiku akale chochitika chofananacho chidachitika "kwa anthu athu," ndiye, pokumbukira zomwe zidachitika zaka 30 zapitazo, NIST idaganiza zopanga mpikisano wotseguka: kampani iliyonse ndi munthu aliyense atha kutenga nawo mbali. izo, mosasamala kanthu za malo kapena nzika.
Njirayi idadzilungamitsa yokha ngakhale posankha ofunsira: mwa olemba omwe adafunsira nawo mpikisano wa Advanced Encryption Standard anali akatswiri odziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi (Ross Anderson, Eli Biham, Lars Knudsen) ndi makampani ang'onoang'ono a IT omwe amagwira ntchito pa cybersecurity (Counterpane) , ndi makampani akuluakulu (German Deutsche Telekom), ndi mabungwe a maphunziro (KU Leuven, Belgium), komanso oyambitsa ndi makampani ang'onoang'ono omwe ochepa adawamva kunja kwa mayiko awo (mwachitsanzo, Tecnologia Apropriada Internacional kuchokera ku Costa Rica).
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, nthawi ino NIST idavomereza zofunikira ziwiri zokha pakuchita nawo ma aligorivimu:
- chipika cha data chiyenera kukhala ndi kukula kokhazikika kwa ma bits 128;
- ma aligorivimu ayenera kuthandizira masaizi osachepera atatu: 128, 192 ndi 256 bits.
Kupeza chotsatiracho chinali chophweka, koma, monga akunena, mdierekezi ali mwatsatanetsatane: panali zofunikira zambiri zachiwiri, ndipo zinali zovuta kwambiri kuzikwaniritsa. Pakadali pano, zinali pamaziko awo kuti owunikira a NIST adasankha opikisanawo. Nazi njira zomwe ofunsira kuti apambane amayenera kukwaniritsa:
- Kutha kupirira ziwopsezo zilizonse za cryptanalytic zomwe zimadziwika panthawi ya mpikisano, kuphatikiza kuwukira kudzera panjira za chipani chachitatu;
- kusowa kwa makiyi ofooka ndi ofanana (ofanana amatanthauza makiyi omwe, ngakhale ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa wina ndi mzake, amatsogolera ku zilembo zofanana);
- liwiro la encryption ndi lokhazikika komanso lofanana pamapulatifomu onse apano (kuyambira 8 mpaka 64-bit);
- kukhathamiritsa kwa ma multiprocessor system, kuthandizira kufananiza kwa magwiridwe antchito;
- zofunikira zochepa za kuchuluka kwa RAM;
- palibe zoletsa zogwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zokhazikika (monga maziko opangira ma hashi, PRNGs, etc.);
- Mapangidwe a algorithm ayenera kukhala omveka komanso osavuta kumvetsetsa.
Mfundo yomaliza ingawoneke yachilendo, koma ngati mukuganiza, ndizomveka, chifukwa ndondomeko yokonzedwa bwino ndiyosavuta kusanthula, komanso zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kubisa "bookmark" mmenemo, mothandizidwa ndi zomwe wopanga atha kupeza mwayi wopanda malire wa data yobisidwa.
Kuvomerezedwa kwa mapulogalamu a mpikisano wa Advanced Encryption Standard kunatha chaka ndi theka. Ma algorithms 15 onse adatenga nawo gawo mu izi:
- CAST-256, yopangidwa ndi kampani ya Canadian Entrust Technologies yochokera ku CAST-128, yopangidwa ndi Carlisle Adams ndi Stafford Tavares;
- Crypton, yopangidwa ndi cryptologist Chae Hoon Lim kuchokera ku kampani yaku South Korea cybersecurity Future Systems;
- DEAL, lingaliro lomwe poyamba linaperekedwa ndi katswiri wa masamu wa ku Danish Lars Knudsen, ndipo pambuyo pake malingaliro ake adapangidwa ndi Richard Outerbridge, yemwe adapempha kuti achite nawo mpikisano;
- DFC, pulojekiti yogwirizana ya Paris School of Education, French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) ndi telecommunications corporation France Telecom;
- E2, yopangidwa mothandizidwa ndi kampani yayikulu kwambiri yaku Japan, Nippon Telegraph ndi Telephone;
- FROG, ubongo wa kampani ya Costa Rican Tecnologia Apropriada Internacional;
- HPC, yopangidwa ndi American cryptologist ndi masamu Richard Schreppel wochokera ku yunivesite ya Arizona;
- LOKI97, yopangidwa ndi olemba cryptographer aku Australia Lawrence Brown ndi Jennifer Seberry;
- Magenta, yopangidwa ndi Michael Jacobson ndi Klaus Huber ku kampani yamagetsi yaku Germany Deutsche Telekom AG;
- MARS kuchokera ku IBM, mu chilengedwe chomwe Don Coppersmith, mmodzi mwa olemba a Lusifara, adatenga nawo mbali;
- RC6, yolembedwa ndi Ron Rivest, Matt Robshaw ndi Ray Sydney makamaka kwa mpikisano wa AES;
- Rijndael, lopangidwa ndi Vincent Raymen ndi Johan Damen a Catholic University of Leuven;
- SAFER+, yopangidwa ndi bungwe la Californian Cylink pamodzi ndi National Academy of Sciences ya Republic of Armenia;
- Serpent, yopangidwa ndi Ross Anderson, Eli Beaham ndi Lars Knudsen;
- Twofish, yopangidwa ndi gulu lofufuza la Bruce Schneier kutengera algorithm ya Blowfish cryptographic algorithm yopangidwa ndi Bruce kale mu 1993.
Malingana ndi zotsatira za kuzungulira koyamba, omaliza a 5 adadziwika, kuphatikizapo Serpent, Twofish, MARS, RC6 ndi Rijndael. Mamembala a jury adapeza zolakwika pafupifupi pafupifupi ma algorithms onse omwe atchulidwa, kupatula imodzi. Ndani anali wopambana? Tiyeni tionjezere chiwembucho pang'ono ndipo choyamba tiganizire ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njira iliyonse yomwe yatchulidwa.
MARS
Pankhani ya "mulungu wankhondo", akatswiri adazindikira njira yosinthira deta ndi kubisa, koma apa ndipamene ubwino wake unali wochepa. Ma algorithm a IBM anali osowa mphamvu modabwitsa, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera kugwira ntchito m'malo ovuta. Panalinso mavuto ndi kufanana kwa mawerengedwe. Kuti igwire bwino ntchito, MARS inkafunika thandizo la hardware kuti achulukitse 32-bit ndi kusintha-bit kasinthasintha, zomwe zinaikanso malire pamndandanda wamapulatifomu othandizira.
MARS idakhalanso pachiwopsezo cha kuwononga nthawi komanso mphamvu, inali ndi zovuta pakukulitsa makiyi akuwuluka, ndipo zovuta zake zochulukira zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusanthula kamangidwe kake ndikuyambitsa mavuto owonjezera pakuchitapo kanthu. Mwachidule, poyerekeza ndi ena omaliza, MARS inkawoneka ngati mlendo weniweni.
RC6
Algorithm idatengera zosintha zina kuchokera kwa omwe adatsogolera, RC5, omwe adafufuzidwa bwino kale, omwe, kuphatikiza ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso owoneka bwino, adapangitsa kuti izi ziwonekere kwa akatswiri ndikuchotsa kupezeka kwa "mabuku". Kuphatikiza apo, RC6 idawonetsa kuthamanga kwa ma data pamapulatifomu a 32-bit, ndipo njira zolembera ndi kubisa zidachitika chimodzimodzi.
Komabe, ma aligorivimu anali ndi mavuto ofanana ndi MARS omwe tawatchulawa: panali chiwopsezo cha kuwukira kumbali, kudalira magwiridwe antchito pakuthandizira magwiridwe antchito a 32-bit, komanso zovuta zama komputa yofananira, kukulitsa kofunikira, ndi zofuna za zida za Hardware. . Pankhani imeneyi, sanali woyenera kukhala wopambana.
Zachiwiri
Twofish idakhala yothamanga kwambiri komanso yokonzedwa bwino kuti igwire ntchito pazida zotsika mphamvu, idachita ntchito yabwino kwambiri yokulitsa makiyi ndikupereka njira zingapo zoyendetsera, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kuzisintha mochenjera kuti zigwirizane ndi ntchito zina. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, "nsomba ziwiri" zinkakhala zosatetezeka kuukira pogwiritsa ntchito njira zam'mbali (makamaka, ponena za nthawi ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu), sizinali zochezeka kwambiri ndi machitidwe a multiprocessor ndipo zinali zovuta kwambiri, zomwe, mwa njira. , inakhudzanso liwiro la kukula kwachinsinsi.
Njoka
Ma aligorivimu anali ndi mawonekedwe osavuta komanso omveka, omwe adasinthiratu kuwunika kwake, sikunali kofunikira kwambiri pamphamvu ya nsanja ya Hardware, anali ndi chithandizo pakukulitsa makiyi pa ntchentche, ndipo anali osavuta kusintha, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ziwonekere. otsutsa. Ngakhale izi, Njoka inali, kwenikweni, yochepetsetsa kwambiri mwa omaliza, komanso, njira zolembera ndi kubisa zambiri mmenemo zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira njira zosiyana zoyendetsera.
Rijndael
Rijndael adakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi zoyenera: ma aligorivimu adakwaniritsa zofunikira za NIST, pomwe sizinali zotsika, komanso potengera kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe, opambana kwambiri kuposa omwe akupikisana nawo. Reindal anali ndi zofooka ziwiri zokha: kusatetezeka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa njira yokulirakulira, yomwe ili yodziwika bwino, komanso zovuta zina pakukulitsa kiyi pa ntchentche (makinawa adagwira ntchito popanda zoletsa kwa opikisana awiri okha - Serpent ndi Twofish) . Kuphatikiza apo, malinga ndi akatswiri, Reindal anali ndi malire otsika pang'ono a mphamvu zachinsinsi kuposa Serpent, Twofish ndi MARS, zomwe, komabe, zidalipiridwa ndi kukana kwake kumitundu yambiri yamagulu am'mbali komanso osiyanasiyana. za njira zoyendetsera ntchito.
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Rijndael
Mphamvu ya Cryptographic
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Cryptographic mphamvu zosungira
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Kuthamanga kwa encryption ikakhazikitsidwa mu pulogalamu
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Kuthamanga kwakukulu kofunikira pamene kukhazikitsidwa mu mapulogalamu
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Chitetezo ku nthawi yakupha komanso kuwononga mphamvu
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Pankhani ya mawonekedwe onse, Reindal anali mutu ndi mapewa pamwamba pa mpikisano wake, kotero zotsatira za voti yomaliza zinali zomveka ndithu: aligorivimu anapambana mopambanitsa, kulandira mavoti 86 ndi 10 okha motsutsa. Serpent adatenga malo achiwiri olemekezeka ndi mavoti 59, pomwe Twofish anali pachitatu: mamembala 31 a jury adayimirira. Adatsatiridwa ndi RC6, yomwe idapambana mavoti 23, ndipo MARS idakhala pamalo omaliza, kulandira mavoti 13 okha ndi 83 otsutsa.
Pa Okutobala 2, 2000, Rijndael adalengezedwa wopambana mpikisano wa AES, mwachizolowezi akusintha dzina lake kukhala Advanced Encryption Standard, yomwe imadziwikanso. Ndondomeko yokhazikikayi inatenga pafupifupi chaka chimodzi: pa November 26, 2001, AES inaphatikizidwa pamndandanda wa Federal Information Processing Standards, kulandira FIPS 197 index. National Security Agency idazindikiranso AES yokhala ndi makiyi a 2003-bit ndi amphamvu mokwanira kuti atsimikizire chitetezo cha zikalata zapamwamba zachinsinsi.
WD Bukhu Langa ma drive akunja amathandizira kubisa kwa hardware kwa AES-256
Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kudalirika kwambiri ndi magwiridwe antchito, Advanced Encryption Standard idadziwika mwachangu padziko lonse lapansi, kukhala imodzi mwama algorithms odziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndikuphatikizidwa m'malaibulale ambiri a cryptographic (OpenSSL, GnuTLS, Linux's Crypto API, etc.). AES tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabizinesi ndi ogula, ndipo imathandizidwa ndi zida zosiyanasiyana. Makamaka, kubisa kwa hardware kwa AES-256 kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu Western Digital's My Book banja la ma drive akunja kuti atsimikizire kutetezedwa kwa data yosungidwa. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zipangizo zimenezi.
Mzere wa WD My Book wama hard drive a desktop umaphatikizapo mitundu isanu ndi umodzi yamitundu yosiyanasiyana: 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ndi 14 terabytes, kukulolani kuti musankhe chipangizo chomwe chikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu. Mwachikhazikitso, ma HDD akunja amagwiritsa ntchito fayilo ya exFAT, yomwe imatsimikizira kuti ikugwirizana ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo Microsoft Windows 7, 8, 8.1 ndi 10, komanso Apple macOS version 10.13 (High Sierra) ndi apamwamba. Ogwiritsa ntchito a Linux OS ali ndi mwayi wokweza hard drive pogwiritsa ntchito dalaivala wa exfat-nofuse.
Bukhu Langa limalumikizana ndi kompyuta yanu pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe othamanga kwambiri a USB 3.0, omwe ali m'mbuyo amagwirizana ndi USB 2.0. Kumbali imodzi, izi zimakulolani kusamutsa mafayilo pa liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri, chifukwa USB SuperSpeed ββββbandwidth ndi 5 Gbps (ndiko kuti, 640 MB / s), zomwe ndizokwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, mawonekedwe obwerera kumbuyo amatsimikizira kuthandizira pafupifupi chipangizo chilichonse chomwe chatulutsidwa m'zaka 10 zapitazi.
Ngakhale Bukhu Langa silifuna kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu ena owonjezera chifukwa chaukadaulo wa Plug ndi Play womwe umadzizindikira ndikusintha zida zotumphukira, timalimbikitsabe kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya pulogalamu ya WD Discovery yomwe imabwera ndi chipangizo chilichonse.
Setiyi ili ndi zotsatirazi:
Ntchito za WD Dr
Pulogalamuyi imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zaposachedwa kwambiri za momwe galimoto ilili pano potengera data ya SMART ndikuwunikanso hard drive ya magawo oyipa. Kuphatikiza apo, mothandizidwa ndi Drive Utilities, mutha kuwononga mwachangu zonse zomwe zasungidwa pa Bukhu Langa: pakadali pano, mafayilo sadzafufutidwa, komanso amalembedwanso kangapo, kotero kuti sizidzathekanso. kuwabwezeretsa ndondomekoyo ikamalizidwa.
WD zosunga zobwezeretsera
Pogwiritsa ntchito chida ichi, mutha kukonza zosunga zobwezeretsera malinga ndi ndandanda yodziwika. Ndikoyenera kunena kuti WD Backup imathandizira kugwira ntchito ndi Google Dray ndi Dropbox, ndikukulolani kuti musankhe zosakaniza zilizonse zomwe zingapezeke popanga zosunga zobwezeretsera. Chifukwa chake, mutha kukhazikitsa kusamutsa kwa data kuchokera ku Bukhu Langa kupita kumtambo kapena kuyitanitsa mafayilo ndi zikwatu zofunika kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zalembedwa kupita ku hard drive yakunja ndi makina am'deralo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kulunzanitsa ndi akaunti yanu ya Facebook, yomwe imakulolani kuti mupange zosunga zobwezeretsera zithunzi ndi makanema kuchokera ku mbiri yanu.
WD Security
Ndi chithandizo cha izi kuti mutha kuletsa kulowa pagalimoto ndi mawu achinsinsi ndikuwongolera kubisa kwa data. Zomwe zimafunikira pa izi ndikutchula mawu achinsinsi (kutalika kwake kumatha kufika zilembo 25), pambuyo pake zidziwitso zonse pa disk zidzasungidwa, ndipo omwe akudziwa mawu achinsinsi azitha kupeza mafayilo osungidwa. Kuti muwonjezere, WD Security imakupatsani mwayi wopanga mndandanda wa zida zodalirika zomwe, zikalumikizidwa, zimangotsegula Bukhu Langa.
Timagogomezera kuti WD Security imangopereka mawonekedwe owoneka bwino owongolera chitetezo cha cryptographic, pomwe kubisa kwa data kumachitika ndi drive yakunja yokha pamlingo wa Hardware. Njirayi imapereka zabwino zingapo zofunika, zomwe ndi:
- jenereta ya nambala ya hardware, m'malo mwa PRNG, imayang'anira kupanga makiyi a encryption, omwe amathandiza kukwaniritsa digiri yapamwamba ya entropy ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zawo za cryptographic;
- panthawi ya encryption ndi decryption, makiyi a cryptographic samatsitsidwa mu RAM ya kompyuta, komanso makope osakhalitsa a mafayilo osinthidwa amapangidwa m'mafoda obisika pa drive drive, zomwe zimathandizira kuchepetsa mwayi wopezeka;
- liwiro la kukonza mafayilo silidalira mwanjira iliyonse pakuchita kwa chipangizo cha kasitomala;
- Pambuyo poyambitsa chitetezo, kusungitsa mafayilo kudzachitika zokha, "pa ntchentche", osafuna kuchitapo kanthu kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.
Zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatsimikizira chitetezo cha deta ndipo zimakupatsani mwayi wothetseratu kuthekera kwa kuba kwachinsinsi. Poganizira mphamvu zowonjezera za galimotoyo, izi zimapangitsa Bukhu Langa kukhala imodzi mwa zipangizo zotetezedwa zotetezedwa zomwe zilipo pamsika wa Russia.
Source: www.habr.com