Pamene ndinkakhalabe m’nyumba yanyumba, ndinakumana ndi vuto la liwiro lotsika m’chipinda chakutali ndi rauta. Kupatula apo, anthu ambiri ali ndi rauta mumsewu, pomwe woperekayo adapereka ma optics kapena UTP, ndipo chida chokhazikika chidayikidwa pamenepo. Zimakhalanso bwino pamene mwiniwake alowetsa rauta ndi zake, ndipo zipangizo zokhazikika kuchokera kwa wothandizira ndizo, monga lamulo, bajeti kapena zitsanzo zosavuta. Simuyenera kuyembekezera kuchita bwino kwambiri kuchokera kwa iwo - zimagwira ntchito ndipo zili bwino. Koma ndidayika rauta yokhala ndi madoko a gigabit, yokhala ndi gawo lawayilesi lomwe limathandizira magwiridwe antchito a 2,4 GHz ndi 5 GHz. Ndipo kuthamanga kwa intaneti mkati mwa nyumbayo makamaka m'zipinda zakutali kunali kokhumudwitsa. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha phokoso la 2,4 GHz, ndipo mwina ndi kuzirala komanso kuwunikira kangapo kwa siginecha ikadutsa m'makoma a konkire olimba. Ndiyeno ndinaganiza zokulitsa maukonde ndi zipangizo zina. Funso linabuka: netiweki ya Wi-Fi kapena makina a Mesh? Ndinaganiza zolingalira, kuyesa ndikugawana zomwe ndakumana nazo. Takulandirani.
Malingaliro okhudza Wi-Fi ndi Mesh
Kwa wosuta wamba yemwe amalumikizana ndi netiweki kudzera pa Wi-Fi ndikuwonera makanema pa YouTube, sizipanga kusiyana kuti agwiritse ntchito makina ati. Koma pamalingaliro okonzekera kufalikira kwa Wi-Fi, machitidwewa ndi osiyana kwambiri ndipo iliyonse ili ndi zabwino ndi zoyipa. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi dongosolo la Wi-Fi.
Wi-Fi system
Iyi ndi netiweki ya ma routers wamba omwe amatha kugwira ntchito paokha. M'dongosolo loterolo, rauta imodzi imaperekedwa ndipo ena amakhala akapolo. Pankhaniyi, kusintha pakati pa ma routers kumakhalabe kosawoneka kwa kasitomala, ndipo kuchokera pakuwona kwa ma routers okha, kasitomala amasuntha kuchokera ku selo imodzi kupita ku ina. Dongosolo loterolo litha kufananizidwa ndi kulumikizana kwa ma cell, chifukwa maukonde amodzi amderali omwe ali ndi ma routers-omasulira amapangidwa. Ubwino wa dongosololi ndi wodziwikiratu: maukonde amatha kukulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndikuwonjezera zida zatsopano ngati pakufunika. Komanso, zidzakhala zokwanira kugula ma routers otsika mtengo omwe amathandizira ukadaulo uwu. Pali kuchotsera kumodzi, koma ndikofunikira: rauta iliyonse iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi chingwe cha Efaneti ndi mphamvu. Ndiko kuti, ngati mwakonza kale ndipo simunayike chingwe cha UTP, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchitambasula pa bolodi, ngati n'kotheka, kapena kuganizira dongosolo lina.
Mesh system
Uwu ndi maukonde a zida zapadera, zomwe zimapanganso maukonde azipangizo zingapo, ndikupanga kufalikira kwa ma siginecha a Wi-Fi mosalekeza. Mfundozi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamagulu awiri, kotero mutha kugwira ntchito mu maukonde onse a 2,4 GHz ndi 5 GHz. Ubwino waukulu ndikuti kulumikiza chipangizo chilichonse chatsopano palibe chifukwa chokoka chingwe - amalumikizana kudzera pa transmitter yosiyana, kupanga maukonde awoawo ndipo deta imafalikira kudzeramo. Pambuyo pake, izi zimatumizidwa ku adaputala yokhazikika ya Wi-Fi, kufikira wogwiritsa ntchito. Ubwino ndi wodziwikiratu: palibe mawaya owonjezera omwe amafunikira - ingolumikizani adaputala ya mfundo yatsopano mu socket, kulumikiza ku rauta yayikulu ndikuigwiritsa ntchito. Koma palinso kuipa. Mwachitsanzo, mtengo. Mtengo wa rauta wamkulu ndi wokwera kangapo kuposa mtengo wa rauta wamba, ndipo mtengo wa adapter yowonjezera ndiwofunikanso. Koma simukuyenera kukonzanso kukonzanso, kukoka zingwe ndikuganizira mawaya.
Tiyeni tipitilize kuyeserera
Ndasamuka kale kuchokera ku nyumba yokhazikika ya konkire kupita kunyumba yanga komanso ndikukumana ndi vuto la kutsika kwa liwiro pa intaneti yopanda zingwe. Ngati m'mbuyomu phokoso la ma airwaves ochokera ku ma router oyandikana nawo a Wi-Fi adakhudzidwa kwambiri (ndipo aliyense amayesetsa kukweza mphamvuyo kuti "awononge" anansi awo ndikuwonjezera liwiro lawo), tsopano mtunda ndi kuphatikizika kwayamba. kukopa. M’malo mwa nyumba ya 45 masikweya mita, ndinasamukira ku nyumba yansanjika ziwiri ya 200 masikweya mita. Titha kulankhula zambiri za moyo wa m'nyumba, ndipo ngakhale mfundo yakuti Wi-Fi woyandikana nawo nthawi zina amawonekera pa menyu ya foni yamakono, ndipo palibe maukonde ena opanda zingwe omwe amapezeka, amalankhula kale. Zikhale momwe zingakhalire, ndinayesera kuyika rauta pamalo apakati a nyumbayo ndi ma frequency a 2,4 GHz amapereka kulumikizana kulikonse, koma m'derali kufalikira kuli kale kosauka. Koma mukawonera kanema kuchokera ku seva yakunyumba pa laputopu m'chipinda chakutali ndi rauta, nthawi zina pamakhala kuzizira. Zinapezeka kuti maukonde 5 GHz ndi wosakhazikika ndi makoma angapo, kudenga, ndi laputopu amakonda kusinthana kwa 2,4 GHz maukonde, amene ali apamwamba bata ndi m'munsi liwiro kusamutsa deta. "Tikufuna kuthamanga kwambiri!", Monga Jeremy Clarkson amakonda kunena. Kotero ndinapita kufunafuna njira yowonjezera ndi kufulumizitsa mauthenga opanda waya. Ndinaganiza zofanizira machitidwe awiri pamutu: dongosolo la Wi-Fi kuchokera ku Keenetic ndi dongosolo la Mesh kuchokera ku Zyxel.
Ma routers a Keenetic Keenetic Giga ndi Keenetic Viva adatenga nawo mbali pa Keenetic. Mmodzi wa iwo anachita monga wokonza maukonde, ndipo chachiwiri - mfundo kapolo. Ma routers onse ali ndi gigabit Ethernet ndi wailesi yamagulu awiri. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi madoko a USB komanso zosintha zambiri za firmware. Pa nthawi ya mayesero, firmware yatsopano yomwe ilipo inayikidwa ndipo mwiniwakeyo anali Keenetic Giga. Amalumikizidwa wina ndi mnzake kudzera pa chingwe cha gigabit wired Ethernet.
Kumbali ya Zyxel padzakhala dongosolo la Mesh lomwe lili ndi Multy X ndi Multi mini. Mfundo yayikulu, Multy X, idalumikizidwa ndi intaneti, ndipo "junior", Multi mini, idayikidwa pakona yakutali ya nyumbayo. Mfundo yayikulu idalumikizidwa ndi netiweki, ndipo chowonjezeracho chidachita ntchito yogawa maukonde kudzera panjira zopanda zingwe ndi waya. Ndiko kuti, malo owonjezera olumikizidwa amathanso kukhala ngati adaputala opanda zingwe pazida zomwe zilibe gawo la Wi-Fi, koma zili ndi doko la Ethernet.
Kugwira ntchito
Wopangayo nthawi zambiri amalankhula m'mawu atolankhani ponena za kufalikira kwa netiweki kosawerengeka kwa zida zake. Koma izi zimagwira ntchito pamalo otseguka opanda makoma, malo owonekera kapena kusokoneza wailesi. M'malo mwake, ambiri adakumana ndi kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono komanso kutayika kwa mapaketi m'nyumba momwe ma netiweki opanda zingwe amodzi ndi theka mpaka khumi ndi awiri amawonekera pa smartphone. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikothandiza kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa 5 GHz wosachita phokoso.
Kuti zikhale zosavuta, ndiyitanitsa mayunitsi amutu a Wi-Fi ndi ma routers a Mesh system. Iliyonse ya ma routers imatha kukhala chipangizo chopanda zingwe. Koma ndikudabwa kuti ndi zida zingati komanso kuthamanga kwa rauta kungapereke mwayi wopezeka pa intaneti. Ponena za funso loyamba, zinthu zikuwoneka ngati izi. Chiwerengero cha zida zothandizira zimatengera gawo la Wi-Fi. Kwa Zyxel Multy X ndi Multy mini, izi zidzakhala zida za 64 + 64 pa gulu lililonse (2,4 + 5 GHz), ndiko kuti, ngati muli ndi mfundo ziwiri, mukhoza kulumikiza zipangizo za 128 pa 2.4 GHz ndi zipangizo za 128 pa 5 GHz.
Kupanga maukonde a Mesh kumapangidwa mophweka komanso momveka bwino momwe mungathere: zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikukhala ndi foni yamakono ndikuyika pulogalamu ya Zyxel Multi pamenepo. Zilibe kanthu kaya muli ndi iOS kapena Android chipangizo. Kutsatira malangizo a wizard yoyika, netiweki imapangidwa ndipo zida zonse zotsatila zimalumikizidwa. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, kuti muyambe kupanga maukonde, muyenera kutsegula geolocation ndikukhala ndi intaneti. Chifukwa chake muyenera, osachepera, kukhala ndi intaneti kuchokera pa smartphone yanu.
Kwa Keenetic routers zinthu zikuwoneka mosiyana. Chiwerengero cha zida zamakasitomala zolumikizidwa zimadalira mtunduwo. Pansipa ndipereka dzina la ma routers ndi kuthekera kolumikiza makasitomala mumagulu a 2,4 ndi 5 GHz.
Giga III ndi Ultra II: 99+99
Giga KN-1010 ndi Viva KN-1910: 84 kwa magulu onse awiri
Koposa KN-1810: 90+90
Mpweya, Wowonjezera II, Air KN-1610, Zowonjezera KN-1710: 50+99
Mzinda wa KN-1510: 50+32
Duo KN-2110: 58+99
Chithunzi cha DSL KN-2010: 58
Lite KN-1310, Omni KN-1410, Yambani KN-1110, 4G KN-1210: 50
Mutha kusintha ma router onse kuchokera pakompyuta komanso kuchokera pa smartphone. Ndipo ngati pa intaneti yakomweko izi zimayendetsedwa mosavuta kudzera pa intaneti, ndiye kuti pali pulogalamu yapadera ya foni yamakono, yomwe m'tsogolomu idzapangitsa kuti zitheke kugwiritsa ntchito zina zowonjezera, monga kutsitsa mtsinje kapena kupeza mafayilo pa intaneti. kuyendetsa kudzera pa USB. Keenetic ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri - KeenDNS, omwe amakupatsani mwayi, ngati muli ndi adilesi ya IP yotuwa, kuti mulumikizane ndi mautumiki apaintaneti omwe amasindikizidwa kuchokera pa intaneti yakunja. Ndiye kuti, mutha kulumikizana ndi mawonekedwe a rauta kumbuyo kwa NAT, kapena mutha kulumikizana ndi mawonekedwe a DVR kapena seva yapaintaneti kuseri kwa NAT. Koma popeza nkhaniyi idakali yapaintaneti, ziyenera kuzindikirika kuti kukonza maukonde a Wi-Fi ndikosavuta kwambiri: rauta ya master imakhala chida chachikulu, ndipo mawonekedwe a adaputala akapolo amathandizidwa pa ma routers otsala. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, oyendetsa akapolo amatha kupanga ma VLAN, amatha kugwira ntchito pamalo amodzi adiresi, ndipo mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito ya adaputala iliyonse yopanda zingwe ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa kwa iwo mu increments ya 10%. Chifukwa chake, maukonde amatha kukulitsidwa nthawi zambiri. Koma pali chinthu chimodzi: kukonza maukonde a Wi-Fi, ma routers onse ayenera kulumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Efaneti.
Njira yoyesera
Popeza ma netiweki opanda zingwe kumbali ya kasitomala sapanga kusiyana, ndipo kuchokera kumalingaliro aukadaulo waukadaulo wama network ndi osiyana kwambiri, njira yoyang'ana ogwiritsa ntchito idasankhidwa. Zyxel Multy X+ Multiy mini ndi Keenetic Giga + Keenetic Viva zipangizo zinayesedwa mosiyana. Pofuna kupewa chikoka cha wothandizira, seva idayikidwa pamaneti am'deralo kutsogolo kwa mutu wa mutu. Ndipo kasitomala adakonzedwa pa chipangizo chogwiritsa ntchito. Zotsatira zake, topology inali motere: server-host router-access point-client.
Mayeso onse adachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chida cha Iperf, chomwe chimatengera kusamutsa kwa data mosalekeza. Nthawi iliyonse mayeserowo amachitidwa pa ulusi wa 1, 10 ndi 100, zomwe zimatilola kuwunika momwe ma network opanda zingwe amagwirira ntchito pansi pa katundu wosiyanasiyana. Kutumiza kwa data kamodzi kokha, monga kuwonera kanema pa Youtube, ndi mitsinje yambiri, monga kugwira ntchito ngati otsitsa mtsinje, adatsanzira. Mayeso adachitidwa padera atalumikizidwa kudzera pa netiweki ya 2,4 ndi 5 GHz.
Kuphatikiza apo, popeza Zyxel Multy ndi Zyxel mini zida zitha kukhala ngati adaputala, zidalumikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe a Efaneti ku kompyuta ya wosuta pa liwiro la 1000 Mbps ndipo mayeso atatu othamanga adachitikanso. Mu mayeso ofanana, rauta ya Keenetic Vivo idatenga nawo gawo ngati adaputala ya Wi-Fi, yolumikizidwa ndi chingwe chapa laputopu.
Mipata pakati pa mfundozo ndi pafupifupi mamita 10, pali pansi konkire yolimbikitsidwa ndi makoma awiri. Mtunda wochokera pa laputopu mpaka kumapeto ofikira ndi 1 mita.
Deta yonse imalowetsedwa mu tebulo ndipo ma graph othamanga amakonzedwa.
Zotsatira
Tsopano ndi nthawi yoti muyang'ane manambala ndi ma graph. Grafu ndiyowoneka bwino, kotero ndipereka nthawi yomweyo.
Maunyolo olumikizirana mu ma graph ndi awa:
Zyxel mini: seva - waya - Zyxel Multy X - opanda zingwe - Zyxel Multy mini - laputopu (adaputala ya Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 7265)
Zyxel Multy: seva - waya - Zyxel Multy X - opanda zingwe - Zyxel Multy X - laputopu (adaputala ya Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 7265)
Keenetic Wi-Fi: seva - waya - Keenetic Giga - waya - Keenetic Viva - laputopu (adaputala ya Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 7265)
Keenetic amplifier: seva - waya - Keenetic Giga - opanda zingwe - Keenetic Viva (monga wobwereza) - laputopu (adaputala ya Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 7265)
Adapter ya Keenetic: seva - waya - Keenetic Giga - opanda zingwe - Keenetic Viva (mu mawonekedwe a adapter) - waya - laputopu
Zyxel mini adaputala: seva - waya - Zyxel Multy X - opanda zingwe - Zyxel Multy mini - waya - laputopu
Adaputala ya Zyxel Multy: seva - waya - Zyxel Multy X - opanda zingwe - Zyxel Multy X - waya - laputopu
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kuti zida zonse za 2,4 GHz sizipanga zambiri kuposa 5 GHz. Ndipo izi ngakhale kuti panalibe phokoso lochokera ku maukonde oyandikana nawo, chifukwa ngati pangakhale phokoso pa 2,4 GHz pafupipafupi, zotsatira zake zikanakhala zoipitsitsa kwambiri. Komabe, mutha kuwona bwino lomwe kuti kuthamanga kwa data ku 5 GHz kuli pafupifupi kawiri kuposa 2,4 GHz. Kuphatikiza apo, zikuwonekeratu kuti kuchuluka kwa ulusi wotsitsa munthawi yomweyo kumakhalanso ndi chikoka, ndiko kuti, pakuwonjezeka kwa ulusi, njira yotumizira deta imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ngakhale kusiyana kwake sikofunikira kwambiri.
Zikuwonekera bwino kwambiri pamene rauta ya Keenetic idachita ngati kubwereza kuti liwiro la kufalikira limagawidwa pawiri, choncho ndi bwino kuganizira izi ngati mukufuna kusamutsa chidziwitso chochuluka pa liwiro lalikulu, osati kungowonjezera kufalitsa kwa netiweki ya Wi-Fi.
Mayeso aposachedwa, pomwe Zyxel Multy X ndi Zyxel Multy mini adakhala ngati adaputala yolumikizira mawaya a chipangizo chakutali (kulumikizana pakati pa Zyxel Multy X ndi chipangizo cholandirira chinali opanda zingwe), adawonetsa zabwino za Multy X, makamaka ndi ma multi. -kusuntha kwa data. Chiwerengero chokulirapo cha tinyanga pa Zyxel Multy X chinali ndi zotsatira: zidutswa 9 motsutsana ndi 6 pa Zyxel Multy mini.
Pomaliza
Choncho, n'zoonekeratu kuti ngakhale ndi airwave otsitsidwa pafupipafupi 2,4 GHz, n'zomveka kusinthana 5 GHz pamene zambiri zambiri ayenera kufalitsidwa mofulumira mokwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, ngakhale pafupipafupi 2,4 GHz ndizotheka kuwonera makanema mumtundu wa FullHD pogwiritsa ntchito rauta ngati wobwereza. Koma filimu ya 4K yokhala ndi bitrate yachibadwa idzayamba kale kuchita chibwibwi, kotero router ndi chipangizo chosewera chiyenera kugwira ntchito pafupipafupi 5 GHz. Pankhaniyi, liwiro lapamwamba kwambiri limapezeka ngati seti ya Zyxel Multy X kapena Zyxel Multi X + Multy mini imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati adaputala opanda zingwe.
Ndipo tsopano za mitengo. Ma routers oyesedwa a Keenetic Giga + Keenetic Viva amawononga ma ruble 14800. Ndipo Zyxel Multy X + Multy mini kit imawononga 21900 rubles.
Dongosolo la mauna a Zyxel limatha kupereka kufalikira kwakukulu pama liwiro abwino kwambiri popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya owonjezera. Izi ndi zoona makamaka pamene kukonza kwachitika kale, ndipo palibe awiri opotoka owonjezera omwe aikidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kukonza maukonde otere ndikosavuta momwe mungathere kudzera pakugwiritsa ntchito pa smartphone. Tiyenera kuwonjezera pa izi kuti netiweki ya Mesh imatha kukhala ndi zida za 6 ndikukhala ndi nyenyezi komanso mtengo wapamwamba. Ndiko kuti, chipangizo chotsiriza chikhoza kukhala kutali kwambiri ndi router yoyambira, yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi intaneti.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, makina a Wi-Fi ozikidwa pa Keenetic routers amagwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo amapereka bungwe lotsika mtengo la intaneti. Koma izi zimafuna kugwirizana kwa chingwe. Mtunda pakati pa ma routers ukhoza kufika mamita 100, ndipo liwiro silingachepe konse chifukwa cha kufalikira pa kugwirizana kwa mawaya a gigabit. Kuphatikiza apo, patha kukhala zida zopitilira 6 pamaneti otere, ndipo kuyendayenda kwa zida za Wi-Fi mukasuntha kumakhala kopanda msoko.
Chifukwa chake, aliyense amadzipangira yekha zomwe angasankhe: magwiridwe antchito ndi kufunikira koyala chingwe cha netiweki, kapena kumasuka kukulitsa ma netiweki opanda zingwe kwandalama zochulukirapo.
Source: www.habr.com