Monopoly, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu molakwika komanso kudzikonda kapena kuthandiza panyanja ya spam? Oyimilira ochokera kumakampani angapo a pa intaneti adalankhula ndi mtolankhani waukadaulo Lars "Ghandy" Sobiraj kuti akambirane za projekiti ya Spamhaus. Kusanthula kosinthidwa pansipa kudulidwa.
Kodi Spamhaus Project ndi ndani
Kusaka mwachangu pa intaneti kumawonetsa kuti Spamhaus ndi bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi lopanda phindu lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu 1998. Komabe, malinga ndi CIO wakale (werengani: wokamba nkhani) wa kampaniyo, Richard Cox, Spamhaus ndi British Limited Company. Pa nthawi yofalitsa kuyankhulana ndi Cox (2011), ofesi yaikulu ya Spamhaus inali ku Geneva. Komabe, zonse zokhudza kampaniyo ndi zotsutsana, zosagwirizana komanso zachinsinsi.
Sven Olaf von Kamphuis (wotchedwa SOvK), mmodzi mwa omwe anayambitsa Cyberbunker, amalankhula za Spamhaus m'njira yosasangalatsa kwambiri. Malinga ndi iye, a Cox akhala osagwira ntchito kwa zaka zoposa 20, ngati munthuyu alipo. Ntchitoyi akuti ikuyendetsedwa ndi Bambo Stephen John Linford ndi mkazi wake Myra Peters. Kuphatikiza apo, monga momwe SOvK ikusonyezera, mabungwe osachita phindu nthawi zambiri safuna kupezeka ku Seychelles kapena Mauritius. Woyambitsa nawo Cyberbunker samamvetsetsanso chifukwa chake atolankhani ambiri akukonda pulojekitiyi - makampani ofalitsa nkhani ndi omwe amayambitsa mavuto okhudzana ndi Spamhaus. Zonse zomwe polojekitiyi imatumiza ku zofalitsa zamakono nthawi zambiri zimasindikizidwa popanda kutsimikiziridwa, SOvK ikupitiriza.
Spamhaus Project Twitter account, pafupifupi otsatira 4000
Woweruza ndi wopha munthu m'modzi popanda chilolezo chalamulo kuti achite izi
Zomwe zimangoyang'ana nthawi yomweyo: ziribe kanthu momwe ntchito ya kampaniyo ingaonekere yofunika komanso yololera, polojekiti ya Spamhaus ilibe maziko ovomerezeka a ntchito zawo. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchito zawo sizinavomerezedwe mwalamulo ndi boma kapena olamulira oyenerera: SOvK imayang'ana kwambiri kuti Spamhaus sali membala wa RIPE (Réseaux IP Européens ndi European regulator yomwe imayang'anira kulembetsa ndi kugawa chuma pagulu. Intaneti). Komabe, kumayiko akunja, kuganiza kuti Spamhaus ndi mtundu wa "apolisi a pa intaneti", pomwe Campuis akuwonetsa, kampaniyo "imafuna chisamaliro cha apolisi." Akunenanso kuti kusindikizidwa kwa deta yambiri pa webusaiti ya Spamhaus sikuloledwa ndipo kumaphwanya ufulu woteteza deta. Kusindikiza kwa zidziwitso zonse za spammers mu polojekiti kuyenera kuletsedwa. Vuto, malinga ndi SOvK, ndi kufalitsa deta yaumwini mu Register of Known Spam Operations (ROKSO). Deta iyi iyenera kutetezedwa monga zidziwitso zina zaumwini, osanenapo kuti zomwe zili mu database ya Spamhaus sizingapezeke mwalamulo nthawi zonse.
Udindo wa Roskomndazor pa Spamhaus ku RussiaMwa njira, za kuvomerezeka kwa ntchito za polojekitiyi. Kuchokera ndi mafotokozedwe okhudza Spamhaus ochokera ku Roskomnadzor zikuti zomwe akuchita ku Russian Federation ndizosaloledwa:
Kupatulapo kulowa patsambalo mu Registry pamaziko a Chidziwitso Chachidziwitso, chigamulo cha khothi kapena zenizeni za mgwirizano ndi olembetsa (wogwiritsa) ntchito zolumikizirana ndi telematic ndi zifukwa zina zoletsa kulowa patsamba (network) ( kuphatikiza pa pempho la kampani ya Spamhaus), Wogwiritsa ntchito telecom alibe.
Ngati wogwiritsa ntchito telematics mosaloledwa amaletsa mwayi wopezeka patsamba (network) kwa olembetsa (wogwiritsa) ntchito zoyankhulirana zapa telematic, zochita za wogwiritsa ntchito zizikhala ndi zizindikiro zakuphwanya mgwirizano ndi wolembetsa.
Momwe zidachitikira: Cyberbunker motsutsana ndi "apolisi a pa intaneti"
Mu 2013, mkangano pakati pa kuchititsa intaneti mobisa Cyberbunker ndi Spamhaus unakula. Spamhaus, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ku Switzerland, idayika Cyberbunker pamndandanda wake wakuda chifukwa cha zokayikitsa zomwe makasitomala ake adachita ndikuziwonetsa poyera. Kutsatira izi, imodzi mwazovuta zazikulu kwambiri za DDoS m'mbiri ya intaneti zidachitika: Spamhaus.org idaphulitsidwa ndi zinyalala zama digito pa liwiro la 75 Gbps. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, kuukiraku akuti kwasokoneza mwachidule kuchuluka kwa anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Mu April 2013, munthu yemwe ankamuganizira kuti ndi wolakwa, SOvK, yemwe ankakhala ku Spain panthawiyo, adalandiridwa ndi apolisi a m'deralo. Makompyuta, zosungiramo zinthu komanso mafoni a m'manja a munthu yemwe wozenga mlanduyo adamutcha Mr K. adalandidwa.
Pulojekiti ya Spamhaus ndi buku lomwe lili ndi zisindikizo zisanu ndi ziwiri
Mosasamala kanthu za mlandu wa Cyberbunker, tinayesera kuti tidziwe zomwe polojekiti ya Spamhaus ilidi, popeza sizikudziwika bwino kuchokera pa webusaiti yawo. Mpaka pano, mafunso omwe atumizidwa ku adilesi ya atolankhani sanalandire mayankho kuyambira kumapeto kwa Januware 2020. A Campuis akuti Spamhaus anali ndi kampani imodzi yopanda phindu yomwe idatchulidwa kale, koma idachotsedwa kulembetsa koyambirira kwa 2020. Makampani otsalawo analibe zolinga zachifundo. Wothandizira kumtunda komanso wogwiritsa ntchito msana, SquareFlow, adasumira Spamhaus. SquareFlow imapereka ntchito zofanana ndi Cogent, HE, GTT, LibertyGlobal ndi ena pochititsa ma VPN. Oyang'anira awiri a SquareFlow Group adayankha pempho lathu pa Marichi 1, 2020:
Sitingathe kuletsa kasitomala mosasamala, kukana mautumiki onse, kutengera kuti Spamhaus amawaona kuti ndi oipa. Pansi pa kusalowerera ndale, sitingathe kudziwa ngati kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kuli koyipa kapena ayi popanda kusanthula phukusi lakuya, lomwe, komabe, lingasokoneze zinsinsi za makasitomala athu ndi ogwiritsa ntchito awo. Timatsogoleredwa ndi lamulo, osati ndi maganizo a kampani yachitatu yomwe ikufuna kulamula intaneti yonse yomwe imaloledwa kugwira ntchito pa intaneti ndi omwe sali. Pakali pano, tilibe umboni, malamulo a khoti, kapena zifukwa zina zokhulupirira kuti makasitomala athu akuchita zinthu zovulaza.
Chifukwa sitinagwirizane ndi Spamhaus, adayesa kangapo kuwononga mbiri ya kampani yathu, ogulitsa katundu ndi ogwira nawo ntchito. Palibe nthawi iliyonse yomwe ife kapena makasitomala athu angayimbidwe mlandu pazokayikira.
Kuwopsyeza, kuchenjeza, kupatukana mwamphamvu
Kuyesa kwawo kukopa maukonde athunthu kungaganizidwe ngati kukakamiza, komwe ndi mlandu m'maiko onse a EU. Pakhala pali milandu ingapo pomwe Spamhaus adayimitsa maukonde onse opereka chithandizo chifukwa cha kasitomala m'modzi, kuwakakamiza kuti asiye kutumikira osafunikira. Timakhulupirira kuti chinsinsi cha data ndi kusadziwika ndi ufulu wachibadwidwe. Zotsatira zake, sitidzatsata mwachimbulimbuli zofuna zosamveka za Spamhaus kapena gulu lina lililonse lomwe limayesa kulamula. Chifukwa cha zochita zawo, tayamba kuchitapo kanthu motsutsana ndi machitidwe awo abizinesi.
Timathandiziranso anzathu pamilandu yolimbana ndi Spamhaus, popeza Spamhaus akuyesera kutikakamiza kuti tisiye kutumikira makasitomala ena polumikizana ndi anzathu ndi ogulitsa, kulengeza kuti ndife achifwamba chifukwa chosatsatira zopempha zawo, zomwe mwachiwonekere ndizogwiritsa ntchito molakwika mphamvu. Tikuganiza kuti kusamukira kwawo ku Andorra kukugwirizana ndi khalidwe lawo lachigawenga lomwe latsutsana ndi malamulo a ku Britain.
Moona mtima.
SquareFlow Group - Public Relations
M'malo mwa board of directors: Wim B., Florian B.
Kusamutsa Spamhaus kupita ku Andorra
Ntchito ya Spamhaus pakadali pano ili ku Andorra, dziko laling'ono lomwe lili ku Pyrenees, lomwe, malinga ndi Wikipedia, limadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha malo ake ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, masitolo opanda msonkho komanso malo amisonkho. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti Andorra si gawo la EU; ubale pakati pa Andorra ndi European Union umayendetsedwa ndi mapangano okha.
Sizinali zophweka kupeza zambiri zokhudza bungwe latsopano logwirizana ndi Spamhaus, koma m’kupita kwa nthaŵi ndinatha kupeza zimene ndinafunikira kuchokera ku EUIPO (European Union Intellectual Property Office). Deta ya EUIPO ikunena kuti kampani yotchedwa Spamhaus IP Holdings SLU pakali pano ili ndi chizindikiro cha No. Ntchito yolembetsa idaperekedwa ndi Boyes Turner LLP.
Tsatanetsatane wa Kulembetsa Chizindikiro cha Spamhaus
Ma Contacts amabisika pazifukwa zodziwikiratu.
Chidziwitso kuchokera kwa womasuliraKupeza chilichonse chokhudza mbali yalamulo ya Spamhaus ndikovuta. Komanso, mfundo zomwe zimapezeka pamwambazi sizowona. Zomwe zilipo patsamba la Spamhaus palokha zokhudzana ndi komwe kampaniyo zili ndi dzina lachizindikiro - mawu oti "Spamhaus", omwe adalembetsedwa ku EU.
ROKSO ngati chopunthwitsa
Mwachiwonekere, cholinga cha polojekiti ya Spamhaus chinali kupeza ogawa sipamu. Monga tanena kale, zambiri za spammers zimasungidwa mu database ya ROKSO. Komabe, popeza kuti databaseyi ndi yapagulu, Spamhaus amayika onse omwe akuwakayikira pagulu lamanyazi. Sikuti mungapeze zambiri zaumwini m'nkhokwe, mulinso mauthenga ochokera kwa ozunzidwa omwe amasindikizidwa popanda kufufuza. Ndipo popeza Spamhaus amakhala kunja kwa EU, palibe zotsatira za kampani kuchokera ku GDPR.
ROKSO imasunga zolemba zonse zokayikitsa, kaya ndi sipamu weniweni kapena cholakwika chosavuta. Chotero, palibe chikaikiro cha kulingalira kulikonse kukhala wosalakwa. Sizingathekenso kulumikizana mwachangu ndi kampaniyo. Palibe nambala yafoni, imelo kapena fomu yolumikizirana ndi kasitomala patsamba lawo. Zambiri zoduliradutswa zitha kupezeka powerenga mosamala FAQ. Ndidayesa kulumikizana ndi kampaniyo mwachindunji: kuyambira kumapeto kwa Januware 2020 mpaka kusindikizidwa kwa nkhaniyi [chidziwitso: Epulo 6 wa chaka chomwecho], palibe yankho lomwe linalandiridwa pa pempho limodzi.
Kutsutsa kwa Spamhaus blacklist (SBL) kuchokera ku VPN service nVPN
Wopereka VPN nVpn amatsutsa ntchitoyi pazifukwa zina. Spamhaus Black List (SBL) ndi nkhokwe yosinthidwa pafupipafupi ya ma adilesi a IP. Spamhaus akuvomereza mwamphamvu kuti tisalandire imelo kuchokera ku ma adilesi omwe ali mu nkhokwe. Kampaniyo imanenanso kuti database iyi ikhoza kupezeka munthawi yeniyeni. Pa tsamba la Spamhaus, gawo la SBL likunena kuti mndandanda wakuda "amalola oyang'anira ma seva a makalata kuti azindikire, kuyika mbendera, kapena kuletsa maulumikizidwe obwera kuchokera ku ma adilesi a IP omwe Spamhaus amasankha kuti agwirizane ndi kutumiza, kuchititsa, kapena kupanga maimelo ambiri osafunsidwa." Ikunenanso kuti database ya SBL imasungidwa ndi gulu lodzipereka la ofufuza ndi asayansi azamalamulo ochokera kumayiko 10 omwe amagwira ntchito usana ndi usiku kuyang'anira nkhani zokhudzana ndi sipamu. Komabe, ndendende momwe kuzindikira, kuyang'ana, kapena kufufuta zolemba zimagwirira ntchito mkati sikufotokozedwa.
nVpn nthawi zonse imakhala ndi mavuto ndi zolembera za SBL, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makampani omwe akukhala nawo aziwopseza kuthetsa mapangano awo. Mwachitsanzo, mu Januware 2019, woimira wina waku Albania adauza kampaniyo kuti ma seva awo a VPN atsika chifukwa cha "kugunda kwa SBL".
Ndipo si mlandu wokhawo. “Zoonadi, zinthu ngati zimenezi zimachitika nthawi ndi nthawi. Mwina seva imatsekedwa kwakanthawi chifukwa cholowa mu SBL, kapena makampani amangoletsa kontrakiti kwathunthu. Pachiyambi (tikufunsani mwachindunji), amanena kuti sipadzakhala mavuto ndi SBL, koma pamene mtundu wawo wonse wa IP watsekedwa ndi Spamhaus, zinthu zikusintha. Mwachitsanzo, umu ndi momwe tinataya seva yathu ku Niš, Serbia. Izi zinali masabata angapo apitawo. Mwamwayi, kampaniyo idatibwezera pang'ono pa renti yathu ya seva, yomwe idalipidwa kwa miyezi ingapo pasadakhale. Spamhaus ndi yowopsa kwa mautumiki a VPN, koma tiyenera kukhala nayo.
Woimira nVPN akupitiriza:
Timapereka ntchito ya VPN yosalembetsa ndipo ndi amodzi mwa ochepa omwe amapatsa makasitomala mwayi wotsegula madoko asanu ndi atatu (TCP ndi UDP). N’zosapeŵeka kuti ena oukira ayesa kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika mbali imeneyi pazifukwa zosaloledwa. Ngakhale tikunena momveka bwino muzochita zathu kuti kugwiritsa ntchito koteroko ndikoletsedwa, izi sizikutanthauza kuti makasitomala onse amatsatira malamulo. Zotsatira zake, ma prefixes athu ena adathera mu EDROP. Koma m'malingaliro athu, kulowa kwa EDROP sikutha kwa dziko, ngakhale kutsekereza mawebusayiti angapo kapena ntchito yotsatsira kapena awiri.
Komabe, izi zimabweretsabe mavuto. Tiyerekeze kuti tidabwereka seva kwinakwake ndikupanga yathu / 24 subnet kuti tilengeze pansi pa ASN ya kampani yochitirako kapena pansi pathu. Spamhaus amalumikizana ndi omwe atilandira ndipo akutipempha kuti tichotse kasitomala, ndiye kuti, ife. Ngati wothandizira satsatira zopempha zawo chifukwa amatikhulupirira, Spamhaus akuyamba kuwonjezera ma prefixes oyera a hoster ku SBL, kuchititsa makasitomala ake ena onse kulephera kutumiza makalata. Ndiye kampaniyo ilibe chochita china ndipo imatitsekera kuti asavutike kwambiri ndi ndalama.
Chitsanzo cha kalata yokana kuchokera kwa hoster:
Moni
Tsoka ilo, sitingathenso kukulandirani pamanetiweki athu popeza Spamhaus adalemba ma adilesi athu onse a IP chifukwa chobwera nafe.
Seva yanu idzatsekedwa tsiku lomaliza lobwereketsa popanda kukonzanso.
Chonde sungani zosunga zobwezeretsera mwachangu momwe mungathere ndikupita kwa wothandizira wina.modzipereka,
Vikas S.
(Wotsogolera/Woyambitsa)
Skype: v **** vp *
Kuthetsa ntchito ndi kukana mgwirizano wina
nVpn imati yataya ma seva ambiri chifukwa cha osunga osagwirizana m'zaka zaposachedwa. M’kupita kwa nthaŵi, zinakhala zovuta kupeza kampani yololera kuwalandira. nVpn idapereka Tarnkappe.info ndi lamulo loletsa mgwirizano ndi kukana kuperekedwa kwina kwa ntchito za pa Julayi 11, 2019. Kalata yochokera ku Swiss hosting provider ikunena kuti polojekiti ya Spamhaus idzachita "kukakamiza milandu" - ndiko kuti, kukakamiza wopereka chithandizo kukana kupereka kuchititsa kwa kampani ina pansi pa zowawa za milandu.
Woimira nVpn adati:
Nthawi zina Spamhaus sazengereza kulumikizana ndi makampani ndikuwafunsa kuti asayendetsenso ma prefixes athu. Koma si aliyense amene amavomereza izi. Imodzi mwamakampaniwa idaganiza zozenga mlandu Spamhaus Ltd ku United Kingdom, komwe kuli likulu la ntchitoyo linali m'mbuyomu. Kalelo Spamhaus sakanatha kugwiritsa ntchito Ltd m'dzina.
Chifukwa cha milanduyi, Spamhaus adayenera kusamutsa likulu lake kuchokera ku UK kupita ku Andorra.
Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, nVpn ikulandirabe zidziwitso kuchokera ku SBL, koma Spamhaus pamapeto pake anasiya kuopseza omwe akuwathandiza. Spamhaus adasiyanso kuyankha zopempha kuchokera ku ntchito ya VPN kuti achotse zolembera ku SBL, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zolemba zambiri zakale sizichotsedwanso ndipo zimakhalabe m'dawunilodi, ngakhale zilibenso zofunikira.
Wopereka VPN akunena kuti Spamhaus yathandiza kuchepetsa sipamu padziko lonse m'mbuyomu, zomwe zakhala zothandiza. Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, polojekitiyi idayamba kudzigwetsa yekha, kufalitsa zomwe zili pamndandanda ndikuwongolera makampani ochititsa.
Palibe mayankho a mafunso ovuta
Pali mafunso ambiri okhudza ntchito ya Spamhaus yomwe palibe amene akufuna kuyankha. Pempho lomwe ndinatumiza kwa wofufuza wa spam waku America komanso mtolankhani Brian Krebs masabata atatu apitawo sanalandire yankho. Mwina mafunso anali akuthwa kwambiri, koma izi siziri zomveka. Zopempha zatumizidwa ku makampani ena, koma pafupifupi palibe amene amadziwa nkhani yonse ya polojekiti ya Spamhaus.
Za wolemba nkhani yoyambirira
Lars "Ghandy" Sobiraj
Lars Sobiraj adayamba ntchito yake mu 2000 monga wolemba magazini osiyanasiyana apakompyuta. Iye ndiye woyambitsa Tarnkappe.info. Kuyambira 2014, Gandhi, monga amadzitcha yekha pa siteji, wakhala akuyankhula ndi ophunzira m'mayunivesite osiyanasiyana ndi mabungwe ena ophunzirira za momwe intaneti imagwirira ntchito.
Kuchokera kwa womasulira
Zochita za Spamhaus zachitika kale zidafotokozedwa pa Habré, komanso mwanjira yoyipa. Ku Russia, Spamhaus inasokoneza (ndipo ikusokoneza) ndi ntchito ya makampani onse apadera ndi makampani akuluakulu ogwira ntchito. Mu 2010, dziko lonse la Latvia lidasankhidwa: ndiye, poyankha madandaulo a m'modzi mwa opereka chithandizo chachikulu mdzikolo, Spamhaus adayankha kuti Latvia ndi amodzi mwa mayiko ang'onoang'ono padziko lapansi, ngati akulozera. Pazifukwa zina, zolemba zomaliza zokhudzana ndi Spamhouse ndi za 2012-2013, ngakhale kampaniyo ikadalipo lero, ndikuganiza kuti kuyiwala kosayenera kumeneku kuyenera kusokonezedwa.
Source: www.habr.com