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Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi

TL; DR: Haiku ndi makina opangira ma PC, kotero ili ndi zidule zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo ake apakompyuta akhale abwino kwambiri kuposa ena. Koma zimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Posachedwa Ndinapeza Haiku, dongosolo labwino mosayembekezereka. Ndimadabwitsidwabe ndi momwe zimayendera bwino, makamaka poyerekeza ndi malo apakompyuta a Linux. Lero ndiyang'ana pansi pa hood. Kumene kuli kofunikira kumvetsetsa mozama, ndipanga kufananitsa ndi Macintosh oyambirira, Mac OS X ndi Linux desktop environments (XDG standard from freedesktop.org).

Zothandizira mu mafayilo a ELF

Dzulo ndidaphunzira kuti IconOMatic imatha kusunga zithunzi muzinthu za rdef mu ELF executables. Lero ndikufuna kuwona momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Zida? Quote ΠΎΡ‚ Bruce Horn, wolemba woyamba wa Macintosh Finder ndi "bambo" wa Macintosh Resource Manager:

Ndikuda nkhawa ndi kusakhazikika kwa zolemba zakale. Kwa ine, lingaliro lomwelo la pulogalamu yoyimitsidwa mu code, osatha kusintha chilichonse mwamphamvu, ndiye nkhanza kwambiri. Ziyenera kukhala zotheka kusintha momwe mungathere panthawi yothamanga. Zachidziwikire, nambala yogwiritsira ntchito yokhayo siyingasinthidwe, koma zowonadi china chake chingasinthidwe popanda kubwezeretsanso code?

Pa Macintosh yoyambirira, adapanga mafayilowa kukhala ndi "gawo la data" ndi "gawo lazothandizira," zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kusunga zinthu monga zithunzi, kumasulira, ndi zina zotero. m'mafayilo omwe angathe kuchitika.

Pa Mac izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ResEdit, pulogalamu yowonetsera - zosintha mwadzidzidzi.

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Sinthaninso pa Macintosh yoyambirira

Zotsatira zake, zidakhala zotheka kusintha zithunzi, menyu, zomasulira, ndi zina. zosavuta mokwanira, koma "amayenda" ndi mapulogalamu.
Mulimonsemo, njirayi inali ndi vuto lalikulu: idangogwira ntchito pamafayilo a Apple, chomwe chinali chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe Apple idasiya "gawo lazinthu" posamukira ku Mac OS X.
Pa Mac OS X, Apple inkafuna yankho lodziyimira pawokha pamafayilo, motero adatengera lingaliro la phukusi (kuchokera ku NeXT), zolemba zomwe zimatengedwa ngati "zinthu zosaoneka bwino" ndi woyang'anira mafayilo, monga mafayilo osati zolemba. Phukusi lililonse lomwe lili ndi pulogalamu mumtundu wake .app ali, mwa zina, fayilo Info.plist (mumtundu wina wofanana ndi Apple wa JSON kapena YAML) wokhala ndi metadata ya pulogalamu.

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Makiyi a fayilo ya Info.plist kuchokera pa phukusi la pulogalamu ya Mac OS X.

Zida, monga zithunzi, mafayilo a UI, ndi zina, zimasungidwa mu phukusi ngati mafayilo. Lingalirolo linabwereranso ku mizu yake mu NEXT.

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Mathematica.app pa NEXTSTEP 1.0 mu 1989: imawoneka ngati chikwatu cha mafayilo mu terminal, koma ngati chinthu chimodzi mu woyang'anira mafayilo ojambulidwa.

Tiyeni tibwerere ku BeOS, malingaliro omwe Haiku adakhazikitsidwa. Madivelopa ake, posintha kuchokera ku PEF (PowerPC) kupita ku ELF (x86) (monga momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito pa Linux), adaganiza zowonjezera gawo lazinthu kumapeto kwa mafayilo a ELF. Sanagwiritse ntchito gawo lake loyenera la ELF, adangowonjezeredwa mpaka kumapeto kwa fayilo ya ELF. Chifukwa cha pulogalamu strip ndi ena ochokera ku binutils, osadziwa izi, amangodula. Chifukwa chake, powonjezera zothandizira pa fayilo ya ELF pa BeOS, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito zida za Linux.

Kodi chikuchitika ndi chiyani ndi Haiku tsopano? Kwenikweni, zambiri kapena zochepa zofanana.

Mwachidziwitso, ndizotheka kuyika zothandizira mu gawo lomwe mukufuna la ELF. Malinga ndi omwe akupanga pa #haiku channel pa irc.freenode.net:

Ndi ELF gawoli lingakhale lomveka ... chifukwa chokha chomwe sitikuchita mwanjira imeneyi ndizomwe tidachita ku BeOS. "
Ndipo palibe chifukwa chosinthira izi tsopano.

Kasamalidwe kazinthu

Zothandizira zimalembedwa mwadongosolo la "zothandizira": mndandanda wazinthu zokhala ndi makulidwe ake kenako zomwe zili. Ndinakumbukira ar format.
Momwe mungayang'anire zothandizira ku Haiku? Kodi pali china chake ngati ResEdit?
Malingana ndi zolemba:

Kuti muwone zothandizira zomwe zaperekedwa mu phukusi la pulogalamuyo, mutha kukokera fayilo yomwe ingathe kuchitika ku pulogalamu ngati Wothandizira. Mukhozanso kupita ku terminal ndikuyendetsa lamulo listres имя_Ρ„Π°ΠΉΠ»Π°.

Resourcer ikupezeka ku HaikuDepot, koma imangondigwera.

Momwe mungasamalire zothandizira mu mafayilo a ELF? Kugwiritsa rsrc ΠΈ rdef. rdef mafayilo amasonkhanitsidwa mkati rsrc. Fayilo rdef imasungidwa m'mawu osavuta, kotero ndiyosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito. Mtundu wa fayilo rsrc zowonjezeredwa mpaka kumapeto kwa fayilo ya ELF. Tiyeni tiyese kusewera:

~> rc -h
Haiku Resource Compiler 1.1To compile an rdef script into a resource file:
    rc [options] [-o <file>] <file>...To convert a resource file back into an rdef script:
    rc [options] [-o <file>] -d <file>...Options:
    -d --decompile       create an rdef script from a resource file
       --auto-names      construct resource names from ID symbols
    -h --help            show this message
    -I --include <dir>   add <dir> to the list of include paths
    -m --merge           do not erase existing contents of output file
    -o --output          specify output file name, default is out.xxx
    -q --quiet           do not display any error messages
    -V --version         show software version and license

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyo xres kuwunika ndi kuwongolera:

/> xres
Usage: xres ( -h | --help )
       xres -l <file> ...
       xres <command> ...The first form prints this help text and exits.The second form lists the resources of all given files.The third form manipulates the resources of one or more files according to
the given commands.
(...)

Chabwino, tiyeni tiyese?

/> xres -l /Haiku/system/apps/WebPositive/Haiku/system/apps/WebPositive resources:type           ID        size  name
------ ----------- -----------  --------------------
'MIMS'           1          36  BEOS:APP_SIG
'APPF'           1           4  BEOS:APP_FLAGS
'MSGG'           1         421  BEOS:FILE_TYPES
'VICN'         101        7025  BEOS:ICON
'VICN'         201          91  kActionBack
'VICN'         202          91  kActionForward
'VICN'         203         300  kActionForward2
'VICN'         204         101  kActionStop
'VICN'         206         243  kActionGoStart
'MSGG'         205        1342  kActionGo
'APPV'           1         680  BEOS:APP_VERSION

Zambiri zazinthu ndi mawonekedwe rdef mukhoza kuwerenga apa.

Mitundu yazinthu zokhazikika

Ngakhale mutha kuyika chilichonse pazothandizira, pali mitundu ingapo yodziwika bwino:

  • app_signature: Mtundu wa pulogalamu ya MIME, yamapu otseguka a fayilo, kukhazikitsa, IPC, ndi zina.
  • app_name_catalog_entry: Popeza dzina lofunsira nthawi zambiri limakhala m'Chingerezi, mutha kutchula malo omwe mayina omasuliridwa ali, kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azilankhulo zosiyanasiyana aziwona dzina lomasuliridwa ngati akufuna.
  • app_version: ndendende zomwe mumaganiza
  • app_flags: zikusonyeza registrar momwe mungayendetsere ntchito. Ndikuganiza kuti pali zambiri kwa izo kuposa momwe tingathere. Mwachitsanzo, pali B_SINGLE_LAUNCH, zomwe zimakakamiza dongosololi kuti likhazikitse ndondomeko yatsopano yogwiritsira ntchito nthawi iliyonse wogwiritsa ntchito (mfundo yomweyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zambiri pa Linux). Idyani B_MULTIPLE_LAUNCH, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndondomekoyi ichitike fayilo iliyonse. Pomaliza pali B_EXCLUSIVE_LAUNCH, zomwe zimakakamiza dongosolo kuti liziyambitsa ndondomeko imodzi yokha panthawi, ziribe kanthu kuti ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amayiyambitsa (mwachitsanzo, umu ndi momwe Firefox imayendera pa Linux; zotsatira zomwezo zikhoza kupezedwa mu ntchito za Qt pogwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi. QtSingleApplication). Mapulogalamu ndi B_EXCLUSIVE_LAUNCH amadziwitsidwa pamene wogwiritsa ntchito akuyesera kuwayendetsanso: mwachitsanzo, amalandira njira ya fayilo yomwe wogwiritsa ntchito akufuna kutsegula ndi thandizo lawo.
  • vector_icon: Chizindikiro cha Vector application (BeOS inalibe zithunzi za vector, mapulogalamu ambiri m'malo mwake anali ndi zithunzi ziwiri za raster m'mafayilo awo omwe amatha kuchitidwa).

Zachidziwikire, mutha kuwonjezera zothandizira ndi ma ID ndi mitundu iliyonse yomwe mukufuna, kenako ndikuwerenga mu pulogalamuyo kapena mapulogalamu ena pogwiritsa ntchito kalasi. BResources. Koma choyamba, tiyeni tione nkhani yochititsa chidwi ya zithunzi.

Zithunzi za Vector mumayendedwe a Haiku

Zachidziwikire, sikuti Haiku yekha adasankha mtundu wabwino kwambiri wazithunzi; mu gawo ili, momwe zinthu zilili ndi malo apakompyuta a Linux ndizabwino kwambiri:

me@host:~$ ls /usr/share/icons/hicolor/
128x128  256x256  512x512           index.theme
160x160  28x28    64x64             scalable
16x16    32x32    72x72             symbolic
192x192  36x36    8x8
22x22    42x42    96x96
24x24    48x48    icon-theme.cache

Kuyang'ana pa izi mutha kumva kale kuti chidutswa ndi chiyani.

Zachidziwikire, pali scalable, yomwe ili, monga mukumvetsetsa, zithunzi za vector. Chifukwa chiyani pali chinanso? Chifukwa chotsatira chojambula zithunzi zama vector m'miyeso yaying'ono zitha kukhala zosakwanira. Ndikufuna kukhala ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsedwa masaizi osiyanasiyana. M'malo a desktop a Linux, izi zimatheka pomwaza zithunzi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana pamafayilo onse.

me@host:~$ find /usr/share/icons/ -name 'firefox.*'
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/16x16/apps/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/22x22/apps/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/24x24/apps/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/256x256/apps/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/32x32/apps/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/HighContrast/48x48/apps/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/128/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/16/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/22/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/24/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/32/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/48/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/64/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/elementary-xfce/apps/96/firefox.png
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/128x128/apps/firefox.png

Chonde dziwani: palibe lingaliro lamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Firefox. Chifukwa chake, sizingatheke kuthana ndi vuto la kukhala ndi mitundu ingapo ya pulogalamu padongosolo.

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Firefox m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndizosatheka kuchita izi mu Linux popanda ndodo zosiyanasiyana.

Mac OS X imayendetsa mochenjera kwambiri:

Mac:~ me$ find /Applications/Firefox.app | grep icns
/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/crashreporter.app
/Contents/Resources/crashreporter.icns
/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/MacOS/updater.app/Contents/Resources/updater.icns
/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/Resources/document.icns
/Applications/Firefox.app/Contents/Resources/firefox.icns

Zitha kuwoneka kuti pali fayilo imodzi firefox.icns mu paketi Firefox.app, yokhala ndi makulidwe onse kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pulogalamu imodzi ikhale ndi zithunzi zosiyanasiyana.
Zabwino kwambiri! Zithunzi zimayenda ndi pulogalamuyi, zothandizira zonse zili mufayilo imodzi.

Tiyeni tibwerere ku Haiku. Yankho lodabwitsa, palibe kuchotserapo. Malinga ndi zolemba:

Mtundu wapadera wa HVIF, wokongoletsedwa kwambiri wamakanema ang'onoang'ono komanso kumasulira mwachangu, adapangidwa. Chifukwa chake, zithunzi zathu nthawi zambiri ndizocheperako kuposa raster kapena mawonekedwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi SVG.

Ndipo iwo akadali wokometsedwa:

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Makulidwe azithunzi mu HVIF poyerekeza ndi mawonekedwe ena.

Kusiyanako ndi dongosolo la ukulu!

Koma zamatsenga sizikuthera apa. HVIF yomweyo imatha kuwonetsa magawo osiyanasiyana atsatanetsatane kutengera kukula komwe kwawonetsedwa, ngakhale ndi mtundu wa vector.

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Magawo osiyanasiyana atsatanetsatane (LOD) kutengera kukula kwake

Tsopano za zoyipa: simungatenge SVG, kuiponya mu ImageMagick ndikuyitcha tsiku; muyenera kudutsa mizere ingapo kuti mupange chithunzi mumtundu wa HVIF. apa mafotokozedwe. Komabe, IconOMatic imatha kulowetsa SVG mopanda ungwiro; pafupifupi 90% ya zambiri za SVG zimatumizidwa kunja ndikutheka, 10% yotsalayo iyenera kukonzedwa ndikusinthidwa pamanja. Werengani zambiri za momwe HVIF imachitira matsenga ake mungathe mu blog Leah Ganson

Kuyika chizindikiro ku pulogalamuyi

Tsopano nditha kuwonjezera chithunzi pa phukusi lopangidwa nthawi yotsiriza, poganizira zonse zimene walandira.
Chabwino, popeza sindiri wofunitsitsa kujambula chithunzi changa cha "Moni, World" QtQuickApp pakali pano, ndikuchichotsa kwa Qt Creator.

/Haiku/home> xres /Haiku/system/apps/QtCreator/bin/Qt Creator  -o /Haiku/home/QtQuickApp/QtQuickApp  -a VICN:101:BEOS:ICON /Haiku/system/apps/QtCreator/bin/Qt Creator

Tiyeni tiwone ngati chithunzichi chakopedwa:

/Haiku/home> xres -l /Haiku/home/QtQuickApp/QtQuickApp/Haiku/home/QtQuickApp/QtQuickApp
resources:type           ID        size  name
------ ----------- -----------  --------------------
'VICN'         101      152238  BEOS:ICON

Zikuwoneka bwino, koma ndichifukwa chiyani chithunzi chatsopanochi chikakopedwa sichimawonekera?

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
VICN:101:BEOS:ICONs yomwe idakopedwa sinagwiritsidwebe ntchito ngati chithunzithunzi mu woyang'anira mafayilo.

Ndinaphonya chiyani?

Ndemanga ya Madivelopa:

Tiyenera kupanga fayilo rdef ndi zothandizira zonse, ndiye perekani lamulo rc имя.rdef, izi zidzapanga fayilo .rsrc. Ndiye muyenera kuthamanga lamulo resattr -o имя_Π±ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° имя.rsrc. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, ndimagwiritsa ntchito malamulo ngati awa kuti ndiwonjezere zithunzi pa zolemba zanga.

Chabwino, ine ndinkafuna kupanga gwero, osati khalidwe. Ndasokonezeka kwambiri.

Smart caching pogwiritsa ntchito fayilo system

Kutsegula ndi kuwerenga za ELF ndizochedwa. Monga ndalemba pamwambapa, chithunzicho chimalembedwa ngati gwero mufayilo yokha. Njirayi ndi yodalirika kwambiri ndipo imakulolani kuti mupulumuke kukopera ku dongosolo lina la fayilo. Komabe, imakoperanso ku mawonekedwe a fayilo, mwachitsanzo BEOS:ICON. Izi zimangogwira ntchito pamafayilo ena, monga BFS. Zithunzi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi dongosolo (mu Tracker ndi Deskbar) zimawerengedwa kuchokera ku chikhalidwe chowonjezereka ichi, chifukwa yankho ili limagwira ntchito mofulumira. M'malo ena (komwe kuthamanga sikofunikira, mwachitsanzo, zenera la "About"), dongosololi limalandira chithunzicho mwachindunji kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zili mufayilo. Koma awa si mathero. Kumbukirani, pa Mac, ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusintha zithunzi za mapulogalamu, zolemba, zolemba ndi zawo, chifukwa pa Mac ndizotheka kuchita zinthu "zofunika" izi, mwachitsanzo. m'malo mwa chithunzi chatsopano cha Slack ndi choyambirira. Pa Haiku, muyenera kuganiza za gwero (mu fayilo) ngati chithunzi choyambirira chomwe chimabwera ndi pulogalamuyo, komanso mawonekedwe (mu fayilo ya BFS) ngati chinthu chomwe chimalola wogwiritsa ntchito kusintha momwe angafune (ngakhale, lingaliro, GUI yoyika chizindikiro chokhazikika pamwamba pa chithunzicho ndichosankha).

Kuyang'ana mawonekedwe a fayilo

Ndi chithandizo cha resaddr Ndizotheka kuyang'ana ndikuyika mawonekedwe a fayilo.

/> resattr
Usage: resattr [ <options> ] -o <outFile> [ <inFile> ... ]

Reads resources from zero or more input files and adds them as attributes
to the specified output file, or (in reverse mode) reads attributes from
zero or more input files and adds them as resources to the specified output
file. If not existent the output file is created as an empty file.
(...)

Ndilo "glue" lomwe limasintha mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pakati pa zinthu (zodalirika) ndi (zachangu) mawonekedwe a fayilo. Ndipo popeza makinawa amayembekeza kulandira zothandizira ndikukopera kokha, sindidzadandaula nazo.

Matsenga a phukusi la hpkg

Panopa (nthawi zambiri) mapaketi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza mapulogalamu pa Haiku .hpkg. Osapusitsidwa ndi dzina losavuta: mawonekedwe a .hpkg amagwira ntchito mosiyana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe ena omwe ali ndi mayina ofanana omwe mudakumana nawo, ali ndi mphamvu zenizeni zenizeni.

Ndi mawonekedwe a phukusi lachikhalidwe, ndinakhumudwa kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha izi: mumatsitsa chinthu chimodzi (phukusi), ndipo china chimayikidwa pa dongosolo (mafayilo mkati mwa phukusi). Ndizovuta kuyang'anira mafayilo (mwachitsanzo, kuwachotsa) mukayika phukusi mwachikhalidwe. Ndipo zonse chifukwa zomwe zili mu phukusili amwazikana mu fayilo yonse, kuphatikiza malo omwe wogwiritsa ntchito wamba sangakhale ndi mwayi wolembera. Izi zimapangitsa gulu lonse la mapulogalamu - oyang'anira phukusi. Koma kusamutsa mapulogalamu omwe adayikidwa kale, mwachitsanzo, kumakina ena, disk yochotseka kapena seva yamafayilo imakhala yovuta kwambiri, ngati sizingatheke. Pamakina okhazikika a Linux, pakhoza kukhala mosavuta mazana angapo mpaka mamiliyoni a mafayilo. Mosakayikira, izi ndizosalimba komanso zocheperako, mwachitsanzo mukakhazikitsa dongosolo, mukakhazikitsa, mukamatsitsa ndikuchotsa mapaketi okhazikika, komanso mukakopera voliyumu ya boot (gawo la mizu) kupita ku sing'anga ina.

Ndikugwira ntchito pulojekiti ya AppImage, njira yochepa yogwiritsira ntchito ogwiritsa ntchito mapeto. Ichi ndi mtundu wogawa mapulogalamu omwe amasonkhanitsa pulogalamu ndi zodalira zake zonse mufayilo imodzi yamafayilo yomwe imayikidwa pomwe pulogalamuyo iyamba. Zimapangitsa zinthu kukhala zosavuta, popeza ImageMagick yomweyo imasandulika kukhala fayilo imodzi, yoyendetsedwa ndi woyang'anira mafayilo ndi anthu wamba. Njira yomwe ikugwiritsidwira ntchito imagwira ntchito pa mapulogalamu, monga momwe zimasonyezedwera m'dzina la polojekitiyo, komanso ili ndi mavuto akeake, popeza anthu omwe akugwira nawo ntchito yopereka mapulogalamu a Linux nthawi zonse amaloza muvi kwa ine.

Tiyeni tibwerere ku Haiku. Kodi zakhala zotheka kupeza kulinganizika koyenera pakati pa machitidwe azikhalidwe zamaphukusi ndi mapulogalamu otengera zithunzi? Paketi zake .hpkg kwenikweni wothinikizidwa wapamwamba dongosolo zithunzi. Dongosolo likayamba, kernel imayika zonse zomwe zayikidwa komanso zogwira ntchito ndi pafupifupi mauthenga awa:

KERN: package_daemon [16042853:   924] active package: "gawk-4.2.1-1-x86_64.hpkg"
KERN: package_daemon [16043023:   924] active package: "ca_root_certificates_java-2019_01_23-1-any.hpkg"
KERN: package_daemon [16043232:   924] active package: "python-2.7.16-3-x86_64.hpkg"
KERN: package_daemon [16043405:   924] active package: "openjdk12_default-12.0.1.12-1-x86_64.hpkg"
KERN: package_daemon [16043611:   924] active package: "llvm_libs-5.0.0-3-x86_64.hpkg"

Chabwino, eya? Khalani pamenepo, kudzakhala kozizira kwambiri!

Pali phukusi lapadera kwambiri:

KERN: package_daemon [16040020:   924] active package: "haiku-r1~beta1_hrev53242-1-x86_64.hpkg"

Ili ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kernel. Khulupirirani kapena ayi, ngakhale kernel yokha sichichotsedwa pa boot volume (root partition), koma imayikidwa mosamala m'malo mwake kuchokera phukusi. .hpkg. Oo! Ndanena kale kuti ndikuganiza kuti mbali ina ya Haiku yokhazikika komanso yosasunthika imachokera ku mfundo yakuti dongosolo lonse, kuchokera ku kernel ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito phukusi ndi zowonongeka zowonongeka, zimapangidwira mogwirizana ndi gulu limodzi. Tangoganizirani magulu ndi magulu angati omwe angatenge kuti ayendetse izi pa Linux [Ndikuganiza PuppyLinux pulojekiti - pafupifupi. womasulira]. Kenako ganizirani kuti zitenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti njirayi igwiritsidwe ntchito pogawa. Iwo amati: tengani vuto losavuta, ligawanitse pakati pa ochita masewera osiyanasiyana, ndipo lidzakhala lovuta kwambiri kotero kuti silingathe kulithetsa. Haiku mu nkhani iyi yandifungula maso. Ndikuganiza kuti izi ndi zomwe zikuchitika pa Linux tsopano (Linux pamenepa ndi mawu ophatikizana a Linux/GNU/dpkg/apt/systemd/Xorg/dbus/Gtk/GNOME/XDG/Ubuntu stack).

Kubwezeretsa dongosolo pogwiritsa ntchito hpkg

Kodi izi zimachitika kangati: zosinthazo zidapambana, ndiye kuti china chake sichikuyenda momwe ziyenera kukhalira? Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito oyang'anira phukusi wamba, zimakhala zovuta kubweza momwe dongosololi likukhalira panthawi yake maphukusi atsopano asanayikidwe (mwachitsanzo, ngati china chake chalakwika). Makina ena amapereka ma workaround ngati mawonekedwe azithunzi zamafayilo, koma ndizovuta ndipo sagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina onse. Haiku amathetsa izi pogwiritsa ntchito phukusi .hpkg. Nthawi zonse phukusi likasintha mudongosolo, mapaketi akale samachotsedwa, koma amasungidwa m'dongosolo m'ma subdirectories ngati. /Haiku/system/packages/administrative/state-<...>/ mosalekeza. Ntchito zosamalizidwa zimasunga deta yawo m'ma subdirectories /Haiku/system/packages/administrative/transaction-<...>/.

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Zokhutira /Haiku/system/packages/administrative. Maupangiri a "state..." ali ndi mafayilo okhala ndi mayina a mapaketi omwe akugwira ntchito, ndipo zolemba za "transaction..." zili ndi mapaketiwo.

"Boma lakale logwira ntchito", i.e. mndandanda .hpkg maphukusi akugwira ntchito zisanachitike zosinthidwa pambuyo pa ntchito iliyonse mu fayilo yoyang'anira fayilo mu fayilo yalemba /Haiku/system/packages/administrative/state-<...>/activated-packages. Mofananamo, "dziko logwira ntchito" latsopano limalembedwa mu fayilo ya malemba /Haiku/system/packages/administrative/activated-packages.

Directory /Haiku/system/packages/administrative/state-<...>/ ili ndi fayilo yokhayo yokhala ndi mndandanda wamaphukusi omwe akugwira ntchito amtunduwu (ngati ayika phukusi popanda kuchotsedwa), ndipo ngati phukusi lachotsedwa kapena kusinthidwa - chikwatu cha boma chili ndi mapepala akale.

Pamene dongosolo la boots, kutengera mndandanda wa phukusi, chisankho chimapangidwa kuti chitsegule (kukwera) phukusi. Ndizosavuta! Ngati china chake sichikuyenda bwino pakutsitsa, mutha kuwuza woyang'anira wotsitsa kuti agwiritse ntchito mndandanda wina wakale. Vuto lathetsedwa!

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Haiku downloader. Malo aliwonse olowera akuwonetsa "gawo logwira" lolingana

Ndimakonda njira yokhala ndi mafayilo osavuta monga mndandanda wa "active state", wokhala ndi mayina osavuta kumva .hpkg. Izi zikusiyana kwambiri ndi kupanga makina opangira-osati-anthu. mu gulu kuchokera ku OSTree kapena Flatpak mu fayilo yamafayilo (mulingo womwewo monga Microsoft GUID).

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Mndandanda wamaphukusi omwe akugwira nawo nthawi iliyonse

Zosintha masinthidwe

Mwachiwonekere, mu catalog /Haiku/system/packages/administrative/writable-files ili ndi mafayilo osinthika a phukusi, koma amatha kulembedwa. Pambuyo pake, monga mukukumbukira, .hpkg zokwezedwa zowerengera zokha. Chifukwa chake mafayilowa ayenera kukopera kuchokera m'matumba musanalembe. Lili ndi tanthauzo.

Kuphatikiza kwa GUI kwa dongosolo la .hpkg

Tiyeni tsopano tione mmene zikwama zonyezimirazi .hpkg kulimbana ndi kuphatikizidwa m'malo ogwirira ntchito (UX). Kupatula apo, Haiku idapangidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito payekha, pambuyo pake. Inemwini, ndimayika mipiringidzo pamwamba pofanizira zomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amakumana nazo pamaphukusi .app pa Macintosh ndi zomwezo pa .hpkg. Sindingafananize zomwe zikuchitika ndi malo ogwira ntchito pa Linux, chifukwa ndizoyipa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zina zilizonse.

Zochitika zotsatirazi zimabwera m'maganizo:

  • Ndikufuna kuwona zomwe zili mu phukusi .hpkg
  • Ndikufuna kukhazikitsa phukusi
  • Ndikufuna kuchotsa phukusi
  • Ndikufuna kuchotsa china chake chomwe chidabwera mudongosolo ngati gawo la phukusi
  • Ndikufuna kukopera china chake chomwe chidabwera mudongosolo ngati gawo la phukusi
  • Ndikufuna kutsitsa zodalira zonse za phukusi, zomwe sizingakhale gawo la kukhazikitsa kulikonse kwa Haiku (mwachitsanzo, ndili ndi makina odzipatula opanda intaneti.)
  • Ndikufuna kusuntha maphukusi anga (kapena gawo lawo) mosiyana kupita kumalo ena, kusiyana ndi boot volume (kugawa mizu) (chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, ndilibe malo okwanira pa izo).

Izi ziyenera kukhudza milandu yayikulu kwambiri yantchito yanga ya tsiku ndi tsiku. Chabwino, tiyeni tiyambe.

Kuwona zomwe zili mu phukusi

Pa Mac Ndimangodina kumanja pa phukusi kuti nditsegule ndikuwona zomwe zili mu Finder. Kupatula apo, kwenikweni ndi chikwatu chobisika! (Ndikudziwa kuti pali paketi .pkg kwa gawo ladongosolo lomwe silili ntchito, koma ogwiritsa ntchito wamba nthawi zambiri samalumikizana nawo).

Pa Haiku Dinani kumanja pa phukusi, kenako dinani "Zamkatimu" kuti muwone zomwe zili mkati. Koma apa pali mndandanda wamafayilo osatha kuwatsegula ndikudina kawiri.
Zingakhale bwino ngati pangakhale njira (yakanthawi) yoyika phukusi .hpkg kuti awonedwe kudzera mwa woyang'anira mafayilo, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito sangadandaule za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito. (Mwa njira, mukhoza kutsegula .hpkg paketi mu Expander, yomwe imatha kumasula ngati zolemba zina zilizonse).

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Mawonekedwe a HaikuDepot amakulolani kuti muwone mndandanda wamafayilo a phukusi, koma palibe njira yowonera zomwe zili mkati, mwachitsanzo, kudina kawiri README.md

Mac ipambana m'gululi, koma kuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito a HaikuDepot omwe mukufuna sikuyenera kukhala kovuta kwambiri.

Kuyika phukusi kudzera pa GUI

Pa Mac, zithunzi zambiri za disk .dmg muli phukusi .app. Dinani kawiri chithunzi cha disk ndikukopera phukusi, mwachitsanzo, polikokera mkati /Applications mu Finder. Izi sizikumveka kwa ine, koma ndamva kuti ongobadwa kumene mwina sangathe kuthana ndi izi. Mwachikhazikitso, Apple "imapereka" chikwatu chadongosolo lonse /Applications (pa NEXT idalumikizidwa ndi netiweki komanso payekha), koma mutha kuyika mapulogalamu anu mosavuta pa seva yamafayilo kapena mgulu laling'ono. $HOME/Applications, ngati mukufuna choncho.

Pa Haiku, dinani kawiri pa phukusi, kenako dinani "Ikani", sizingakhale zophweka. Ndikudabwa chomwe chimachitika ngati phukusi lili ndi zodalira zomwe zikupezeka ku HaikuPorts koma sizinayikidwebe. Pa Linux sadziwa kwenikweni choti achite pamenepa, koma yankho ndilodziwikiratu - funsani wogwiritsa ntchito ngati akufunikira kutsitsa ndikuyika zodalira. Ndendende zomwe Haiku amachita.

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Ndidatsitsa pamanja phukusi la 'sanity' ndikudina, woyang'anira phukusi amadziwa komwe angapeze zodalira (poganiza kuti zosungirako zidalembetsedwa kale pamakina). Sikuti kugawa kwa Linux kulikonse kungachite izi.

Njira ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito woyang'anira mafayilo, kukoka ndikugwetsa .hpkg phukusi kapena mu /Haiku/system/packages (kukhazikitsa dongosolo lonse, mwachisawawa), kapena in /Haiku/home/config/packages (kukhazikitsa munthu payekha; sichipezeka mukadina kawiri - ndimakwiyitsidwabe ndi mawu oti "config" pamalo ano, omwe kwa ine pankhaniyi ndi ofanana ndi "zokonda"). Ndipo lingaliro la ogwiritsa ntchito angapo silinapezeke ku Haiku pano (ndicho mwina chifukwa chake ndi losavuta - sindikudziwa, mwina kuthekera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri kungasokoneze mopanda kufunikira kwa malo apakompyuta).

Haiku imapambana m'gululi chifukwa imatha kugwira ntchito osati ndi mapulogalamu, komanso ndi mapulogalamu adongosolo.

Kuchotsa phukusi kuchokera ku GUI

Pa Mac, muyenera kukoka chizindikiro cha pulogalamu ku chinyalala, ndipo ndizo zonse. Mosavuta!

Pa Haiku, choyamba, muyenera kupeza komwe phukusi lili pa dongosolo, chifukwa nthawi zambiri simumaziyika pamalo oyenera (dongosolo limachita zonse). Kawirikawiri muyenera kuyang'ana mkati /Haiku/system/packages (ndi kuyika kwadongosolo lonse), kapena in /Haiku/home/config/packages (Kodi ndidatchula kuti "config" ndi dzina lolakwika?). Ndiye ntchitoyo imangokokera ku chidebe cha zinyalala, ndipo ndi momwemo.
Mosavuta! Komabe, sindinganene zimenezo. Nazi zomwe zikuchitikadi:

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika ngati mukokera pulogalamu ku chidebe cha zinyalala /Haiku/system/packages

Ndangoyesera kusamutsa pulogalamu yanga yadzulo ya "Hello World" pa QtQuickApp kuzinyalala. Sindinayese kusuntha chikwatu chadongosolo, ndipo popeza maphukusi onse amaikidwa mu bukhu la dongosolo, ndizosatheka kuchotsa phukusi .hpkg popanda kusintha "zake". Wogwiritsa ntchito wamba amatha kuchita mantha ndikudina batani la "Letsani" lomwe laperekedwa mwachisawawa.

Akufotokoza Bambo. waddlesplash:

Izi ndizoposa zaka 10. Mwachidziwikire tiyenera kuyikonza kuti chenjezo liwonekere pokhapokha phukusi lokha litasunthidwa. Ogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse safunikira kuchita izi.

Chabwino, mwina ndiyenera kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito HaikuDepot? Ine dinani kawiri pa phukusi mu /Haiku/system/packages, kuyembekezera kuti "Chotsani" batani kuwonekera. Ayi, pali (kokha) "Ikani". "Chotsani", muli kuti?

Kungosangalala, ndidayesa kuwona zomwe zingachitike ndikadina "Ikani" pa phukusi lomwe lakhazikitsidwa kale. Zimakhala motere:

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Izi zimachitika ngati muyesa kukhazikitsa phukusi lomwe lakhazikitsidwa kale.

Chotsatira chikuwoneka:

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Mukadina "Ikani zosintha" pazenera lapitalo, zikuwoneka ngati izi

Ndikuganiza kuti uku ndi kulakwitsa kwa pulogalamu; ulalo wa pulogalamuyo ulipo kale. [wolemba sanapereke ulalo - pafupifupi. womasulira]

Yankho lofulumira: Onjezani batani la "Chotsani" ngati phukusi lili kale /Haiku/system/packages, kapena mu /Haiku/home/config/packages.

Ndikawona mndandanda wamaphukusi omwe adayikidwa mu HaikuDepot, ndikuwona phukusi langa pamndandanda ndipo ndimatha kulichotsa.

Mac amapambana m'gululi. Koma ine ndikhoza kulingalira kuti ndi khwekhwe yoyenera, wosuta zinachitikira pa Haiku adzakhala bwino kuposa Mac. (Mmodzi mwa omanga adavotera motere: "Pasanathe ola limodzi kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito ku HaikuDepot, ngati mukudziwa C++ pang'ono", odzipereka aliwonse?)

Kuchotsa china chake pa phukusi

Tiyeni tiyese kuchotsa pulogalamu yokha, osati phukusi .hpkg, kumene kunachokera (ndikukayika kuti kwa "anthu wamba" pali kusiyana kulikonse).

Pa Mac, wogwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ndi fayilo .dmgkodi phukusi lofunsira likuchokera kuti .app. Nthawi zambiri zithunzi .dmg amasonkhanitsidwa m'ndandanda wotsitsa, ndipo phukusi limakopera ndi wogwiritsa ntchito /Applications. Amakhulupirira kuti ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri sadziwa zomwe akuchita, lingaliro ili likutsimikiziridwa ndi wogwira ntchito wakale wa Apple. (Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe sindimakonda pa Mac. Ndipo, mwachitsanzo, ndi AppImage palibe kusiyana pakati pa pulogalamuyo ndi phukusi lomwe linalimo. Kokani chithunzicho ku zinyalala = ndizomwezo. Zosavuta!)

Pa Haiku, palinso kugawanika pakati apps/ ΠΈ packages/, kotero ndikukayika kuti izi zidapangitsa kuti zimveke bwino kwa ogwiritsa ntchito. Koma chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mukoka pulogalamu kuchokera apps/ Onjezani kungolo yogulira:

Tsiku langa lachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi Haiku: pansi pazachuma, zithunzi ndi mapaketi
Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika mukayesa kuchotsa pulogalamu yotengedwa pafayilo .hpkg

Mwaukadaulo ndizolondola (pambuyo pa zonse, pulogalamuyi imayendetsedwa pamafayilo owerengera okha), koma sizothandiza makamaka kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

Yankho lofulumira: perekani kugwiritsa ntchito GUI kuchotsa m'malo mwake .hpkg

Kungosangalala, ndidayesa kubwereza pulogalamuyo ndikukanikiza Alt+D. Ndinalandira uthenga wakuti "Sitingathe kusuntha kapena kukopera zinthu pa voliyumu yowerengera yokha." Ndipo zonse chifukwa /system (pamodzi ndi /system/packages ΠΈ /system/settings) ndiye phukusi lokwera (kumbukirani momwe likuwonekera pazotulutsa df?). Tsoka ilo, zotsatira za lamulo mount sichikumveketsa bwino momwe zinthu zilili (monga zinanenedwa m'nkhani yapitayi), mountvolume sichikuwonetsa zomwe mukuyang'ana (mwachiwonekere phukusi lokhazikitsidwa kudzera pa loop .hpkg samatengedwa ngati "mavoliyumu"), ndipo ndinayiwalanso malamulo ena.

Palibe amene adapambana mgululi kupatula AppImage (koma izi, kunena zoona kwathunthu, ndi malingaliro atsankho). Komabe, munthu angaganize kuti pambuyo tweaking, wosuta zinachitikira pa Haiku adzakhala bwino kuposa Mac.

Zindikirani: muyenera kudziwa kuti "volume" ndi chiyani pokhudzana ndi "gawo". Izi mwina zikufanana ndi ubale wa "foda" ndi "directory": maulalo ambiri amawoneka ngati mafoda mu woyang'anira mafayilo, koma osati onse (maphukusi omwe amawonedwa ngati mafayilo, mwachitsanzo). Kodi mawonedwe amtunduwu amandipangitsa kukhala wamba?

Kukopera zomwe zili mu phukusi ku dongosolo lina

Pa Mac, Ndikukoka phukusi mopusa .app, ndipo popeza zodalira zili mkati mwa phukusi, zimasuntha pamodzi.

Pa Haiku, ndimakoka kugwiritsa ntchito, koma zodalira sizikukonzedwa konse.

Yankho lofulumira: M'malo mwake tiyeni tipereke lingaliro kukokera phukusi lonse la `.hpkg, pamodzi ndi zodalira zilizonse, ngati zilipo.

Mac amapambana bwino m'gululi. Osachepera kwa ine, wokonda paradigm yawo. Ndiyenera kukopera ku Haiku .hpkg m'malo mwa pulogalamu, koma dongosolo silindipatsa izi...

Tsitsani phukusi ndi zonse zomwe zimadalira

Si makina onse omwe amalumikizidwa ndi netiweki nthawi zonse. M'malo mwake, makina ena (inde, ndikuyang'ana inu, Windows yamakono, Mac ndi Linux) amaiwala za izi. Ndikofunikira kwa ine kuti nditha kupita, mwachitsanzo, ku cafe ya intaneti, kutsitsa mapulogalamu pagalimoto yochotseka, ndikuyika galimotoyi pakompyuta yanga yakunyumba ndikutsimikiza kuti chilichonse chitha [munthu wowopsa, kuchita izi pa Windows ... - pafupifupi. womasulira].

Zotsatira zake, ndimakonda kukhala ndi kudalira kosagwirizana ndi Windows ndi Linux pafupipafupi kuposa nthawi zonse.

Pa Mac iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala fayilo imodzi, zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikutsitsa .dmg. Nthawi zambiri, ilibe zodalira kupatula zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi MacOS yokha mwachisawawa. Kupatulapo ndi ntchito zovuta zomwe zimafuna malo oyenera ochitirako, mwachitsanzo java.

Pa Haiku download phukusi .hpkg chifukwa, tinene, kugwiritsa ntchito komweko mu java, sikungakhale kokwanira, popeza java ikhoza kukhala kapena kusakhalapo pamakina omwe mukufuna. Kodi pali njira yotsitsa zodalira zonse za phukusi lopatsidwa .hpkg, kupatula omwe amaikidwa mwachisawawa mu Haiku ndipo motero ayenera kukhala pa dongosolo lililonse la Haiku?

Mac amapambana gululi ndi malire ang'onoang'ono.

Ndemanga Mr. waddlesplash:

Kulemba pulogalamu yosonkhanitsa zonse zomwe zimadalira pulogalamuyo ngati phukusi .hpkg kwa munthu wodziwa ntchito zamkati za Haiku, pafupifupi mphindi 15 ndizokwanira. Kuonjezera chithandizo cha izi sikovuta ngati kuli kofunika kwenikweni. Koma kwa ine izi ndizovuta kwambiri.

Tiyeni tipume mpweya mpaka nkhani yotsatirayi.

Kusamutsa phukusi kupita kumalo osiyana

Monga ndinalembera poyamba, ndikufuna kuyika mapepala anga .hpkg (chabwino, kapena gawo la iwo) ku malo apadera, osiyana masungidwe mwachizolowezi pa jombo buku (muzu kugawa). Mwachizolowezi (osati chongoyerekeza), chifukwa chake ndikuti nthawi zonse ndimasowa malo aulere pama diski anga (omangidwa mkati), ngakhale atakhala akulu bwanji. Ndipo nthawi zambiri ndimalumikiza ma drive akunja kapena magawo amtaneti komwe mapulogalamu anga ali.

Pa Mac Ndikungosuntha phukusi .app ku drive yochotseka kapena chikwatu cha netiweki mu Finder, ndipo ndi momwemo. Nditha kudinabe kawiri kuti nditsegule pulogalamuyo monga momwe ndimakhalira ndikadakhala pa boot. Basi!

Pa Haiku, monga ndidauzira, izi zitha kutheka posuntha wanga .hpkg phukusi ku drive yochotseka kapena chikwatu pamaneti, koma ndiye muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo ena osalembedwa mu console kuti muwakhazikitse padongosolo. Sindikudziwa momwe ndingachitire izi pogwiritsa ntchito GUI yokha.

Mac amapambana m'gululi.

Malinga ndi mr. waddlesplash:

Uku ndi kukhathamiritsa kutengera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwanthawi zonse. Ngati pali zofuna kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito oposa m'modzi, tidzakwaniritsa. Mulimonsemo, pali kuthekera kokhazikitsa chipani chachitatu.

Tikambirana zimenezi m’nkhani yotsatira.

Ponena za maukonde a netiweki, zingakhale zabwino (ndikuganiza maphwando a LAN) kukhala ndi mapulogalamu osavuta, opezeka, opezeka pa intaneti (monga Zeroconf) omwe amatha kukopera pamakompyuta am'deralo kapena kuthamanga mwachindunji pamaneti akomweko. Zachidziwikire, opanga ali ndi mwayi wotuluka kudzera app_flags.

Lipoti lomaliza la kuphatikiza kwa hpkg system ndi GUI

Ndikuganiza kuti makamaka chifukwa cha zatsopano za kuphatikiza .hpkg GUI imasiyabe zambiri zofunika. Komabe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zitha kusinthidwa malinga ndi UX ...

Chinthu chinanso: Kernel Debug Land

Zingakhale zabwino kuti mulowetse malamulo panthawi ya mantha a kernel, mwachitsanzo syslog | grep usb. Chabwino, pa Haiku ndizotheka chifukwa cha Kernel Debug Land. Kodi mungawone bwanji matsengawa akugwira ntchito ngati zonse zikugwira ntchito momwe ziyenera kukhalira popanda kuchita mantha ndi kernel? Zosavuta pokanikiza Alt+PrintScn+D (Debug mnemonic). Nthawi yomweyo ndikukumbukira Chinsinsi cha Programmer, zomwe zinalola kuti oyambitsa Macintosh oyambirira alowe mu debugger (ngati inayikidwa, ndithudi).

Pomaliza

Ndikuyamba kumvetsetsa kuti kusinthika kwa dongosolo la Haiku kumachokera ku mfundo yakuti ntchitoyo ikuchitika ndi gulu limodzi laling'ono lomwe limayang'ana bwino malo ogwirira ntchito, ndi zigawo zonse za dongosolo lofikira.
Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi dziko la Linux/GNU/dpkg/apt/systemd/Xorg/dbus/Gtk/GNOME/XDG/Ubuntu, pomwe chilichonse chimathyoledwa kukhala tiziduswa tating'ono kwambiri kotero kuti kutulutsa kumakhala patali ndikuyendetsa ndi ndodo.
Panalinso kumvetsetsa momwe dongosololi .hpkg amaphatikiza machitidwe abwino a oyang'anira phukusi azikhalidwe, Snappy, Flatpak, AppImage, ngakhale btrfs, ndikuwaphatikiza ndi njira ya Mac "yogwira ntchito".

Zinali ngati chinachake "chasintha" m'mutu mwanga, ndipo ndinamvetsa momwe dongosololi .hpkg amadziwa kugudubuzika, pongomuyang'ana iye. Koma si ine, koma kukongola ndi kuphweka kwa dongosolo. Zambiri mwa izi zimalimbikitsidwa ndi mzimu wa Mac yoyambirira.

Inde, kusakatula mu msakatuli kungakhale kovutirapo ndikuthamanga ngati nkhono, mapulogalamu angakhale akusowa (palibe Gtk, Electron - omangawo adatsimikiza kuti sizikuyenda bwino ndi zovuta), kanema ndi kuthamanga kwa 3d kungakhale kulibe, koma ndikadali. monga izi dongosolo. Kupatula apo, zinthu izi zitha kukonzedwa ndipo zidzawonekera posachedwa. Ndi nkhani ya nthawi ndipo mwina pang'ono wofiira diso.

Sindingathe kupereka chithandizo, koma ndikuganiza kuti ziyamba kuyambira pano Chaka cha Haiku pa desktop.

Mavuto mwachisawawa

Mwina pali zopempha kale, kapena nditsegule?

  • BeScreenCapture iyenera kutumiza ku GIF ngati Peek. Izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito ffmpeg, yomwe ilipo kale ku Haiku. Kugwiritsa ntchito.
  • Pulogalamu yojambula zithunzi imalephera kujambula zenera la modal, m'malo mwake imagwira chinsalu chonse
  • Simungathe kubzala zowonera pogwiritsa ntchito chida chodulira cha WonderBrush ndikusunga zotsatira zake ku fayilo
  • Sindimakonda makamaka cholozera pamanja ku Haiku, koma ndikuganiza kuti chikugwirizana ndi kumverera kotentha kwa nostalgic. Izi ndizokwiyitsa makamaka mukamagwiritsa ntchito chida cha mbewu ku Krita, chifukwa zimadzetsa kukolola kolakwika (onani zithunzi za ma dialogs munkhaniyi). Cholozera chodutsa tsitsi chingakhale chodabwitsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito.

Yesani nokha! Kupatula apo, polojekiti ya Haiku imapereka zithunzi zoyambira kuchokera ku DVD kapena USB, zopangidwa Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π²Π½ΠΎ. Kuti muyike, ingotsitsani chithunzicho ndikuchiwotcha ku USB flash drive pogwiritsa ntchito Msika

Muli ndi mafunso? Tikukuitanani ku olankhula Chirasha uthengawo njira.

Zolakwika mwachidule: Momwe mungadziwombera pamapazi mu C ndi C ++. Haiku OS Recipe Collection

kuchokera wolemba kumasulira: iyi ndi nkhani yachisanu ndi chimodzi pamndandanda wa Haiku.

Mndandanda wa zolemba: Yoyamba Yachiwiri Chachitatu Chachinayi Wachisanu

Source: www.habr.com

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