Kuyang'anira pamalo opangira data: momwe tidasinthira BMS yakale ndi yatsopano. Gawo 1

BMS ndi chiyani

Dongosolo loyang'anira magwiridwe antchito aukadaulo mu malo opangira ma data ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazitukuko, zomwe zimakhudza mwachindunji chizindikiro chofunikira cha data center monga kuthamanga kwa ogwira ntchito pazochitika zadzidzidzi, chifukwa chake, nthawi yogwira ntchito mosadodometsedwa. 

Makina owunikira a BMS (Building Monitoring System) amaperekedwa ndi mavenda ambiri apadziko lonse lapansi a zida zama data center. Pa ntchito ya Linxdatacenter ku Russia, tinali ndi mwayi wodziwa machitidwe osiyanasiyana ndikukumana ndi njira zotsutsana ndi mavenda ogwiritsira ntchito machitidwewa. 

Tikukuuzani momwe tidasinthiratu dongosolo lathu la BMS chaka chatha komanso chifukwa chake.  

Muzu wa vuto

Zonsezi zinayamba zaka 10 zapitazo ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Linxdatacenter data center ku St. Dongosolo la BMS, molingana ndi miyezo yamakampani azaka zimenezo, inali seva yakuthupi yokhala ndi mapulogalamu oyikidwa, omwe amafikiridwa kudzera mu pulogalamu yamakasitomala (omwe amatchedwa kasitomala "wandiweyani"). 

Panali makampani ochepa omwe amapereka mayankho otere pamsika panthawiyo. Zogulitsa zawo zinali muyezo, yankho lokhalo ku zosowa zomwe zilipo. Ndipo tiyenera kuwapatsa zoyenera: kuyambira nthawi imeneyo komanso lero, atsogoleri amsika nthawi zambiri amalimbana ndi ntchito yawo yayikulu - kupereka mayankho ogwira ntchito a malo opangira data. 

Chisankho chomveka kwa ife chinali yankho la BMS kuchokera kwa mmodzi mwa opanga zazikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Dongosolo losankhidwa panthawiyo linakwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zowunikira malo opangira uinjiniya ovuta, monga malo opangira data. 

Komabe, m'kupita kwa nthawi, zofunikira ndi ziyembekezo za ogwiritsa ntchito (ndiko kuti, ife, ogwiritsira ntchito deta) kuchokera ku mayankho a IT asintha. Ndipo ogulitsa akuluakulu, monga momwe akuwonetsedwera ndi kusanthula kwa msika wa mayankho omwe aperekedwa, sanakonzekere izi.

Msika wamakampani wa IT wakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi gawo la B2C. Mayankho a digito masiku ano akuyenera kupereka mwayi kwa wogwiritsa ntchito - ichi ndiye cholinga chomwe opanga adzipangira okha. Izi zikuwonekera pakusintha kwa mawonekedwe a ogwiritsa ntchito (UI) komanso chidziwitso cha ogwiritsa ntchito (UX) pamapulogalamu ambiri amabizinesi. 

Munthu amazolowera chitonthozo cha chilichonse chokhudzana ndi zida zamagetsi m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuyika zofunikira zomwezo pazida zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito pantchito. Anthu amayembekezera kuchokera kumabizinesi mawonekedwe omwewo, mwanzeru, kuphweka komanso kuwonekera zomwe zimapezeka kwa iwo pazachuma, kuyimbira ma taxi kapena kugula pa intaneti. Akatswiri a IT omwe akugwiritsa ntchito mayankho m'mabungwe amayesetsanso kulandira "zabwino" zonse zamakono: kutumizira mosavuta ndi kukulitsa, kulolerana ndi zolakwika komanso kuthekera kopanda malire. 

Ogulitsa akuluakulu apadziko lonse nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza izi. Kutengera ulamulilo wawo wanthawi yayitali pamakampani, mabizinesi nthawi zambiri amakhala okhazikika komanso osasinthika akamagwira ntchito ndi makasitomala. Chinyengo cha kufunikira kwawo sikumawalola kuwona momwe makampani aukadaulo achichepere amawonekera m'mphuno zawo, kupereka njira zina zopangira makasitomala ena, komanso popanda kulipira mopitilira muyeso.

Kuipa kwa dongosolo lakale la BMS 

Choyipa chachikulu cha yankho lachikale la BMS kwa ife chinali kugwira ntchito kwake pang'onopang'ono. Kufufuza zochitika zingapo zomwe ogwira ntchito ogwira ntchito sanayankhe mofulumira mokwanira zinatipangitsa kumvetsetsa kuti nthawi zina pamakhala kuchedwa kwakukulu kwa zochitika zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu BMS. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, dongosololi silinali lodzaza kapena lolakwika, zinali chabe kuti matembenuzidwe a zigawo zake (mwachitsanzo, JAVA) anali akale ndipo sakanatha kugwira ntchito molondola ndi machitidwe atsopano opangira opaleshoni popanda zosintha. Zinali zotheka kuzisintha pamodzi ndi dongosolo la BMS, ndipo wogulitsa sanapereke kupitiriza kwa matembenuzidwe, ndiye kuti, kwa ife ndondomekoyi ikanakhala yochuluka kwambiri ngati kusintha kwa dongosolo latsopano, ndipo yankho latsopano limakhalabe. zina mwa zolakwika zakale.  

Tiyeni tiwonjeze "zinthu zazing'ono" zina zosasangalatsa apa:

1. Malipiro olumikizira zida zatsopano pamfundo ya "adilesi imodzi ya IP - layisensi imodzi yolipira"; 
2. Kulephera kusintha mapulogalamu popanda kugula phukusi lothandizira (izi zikutanthauza kukonzanso zigawo zaulere ndikuchotsa zolakwika mu pulogalamu ya BMS yokha);
3. Thandizo lokwera mtengo; 
4. Malo pa seva ya "chitsulo", yomwe imatha kulephera ndipo ili ndi zida zochepa zamakompyuta;
5. "Redundancy" poika seva yachiwiri ya hardware yokhala ndi phukusi lachilolezo chobwereza. Nthawi yomweyo, palibe kulunzanitsa kwa database pakati pa ma seva akuluakulu ndi osunga zobwezeretsera - zomwe zikutanthauza kusamutsa kwa database yamanja ndi nthawi yayitali yosinthira ku zosunga zobwezeretsera;
6. Makasitomala "wokhuthala", osafikirika kuchokera kunja, popanda kukulitsa foni yam'manja ndi njira yolowera kutali;
7. Mawonekedwe apaintaneti ochotsedwa opanda makhadi ojambulidwa ndi zidziwitso zamawu, zopezeka kunja, koma osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi antchito chifukwa chosowa chidziwitso;
8. Kusowa kwa makanema ojambula pamawonekedwe - zithunzi zonse zimangokhala ndi chithunzi cha "background" ndi zithunzi zokhazikika. Chotsatira chake ndi mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri;

   Chilichonse chinkawoneka chonchi:

   
   
   

9. Cholepheretsa pakupanga masensa enieni ndikuti ntchito yowonjezera yokha imapezeka, pamene zitsanzo za masensa enieni amafuna kuti athe kupanga masamu masamu kuti awerenge zolondola zomwe zimasonyeza zenizeni za ntchito; 
10. Kulephera kupeza deta mu nthawi yeniyeni kapena kuchokera kumalo osungirako zinthu pazifukwa zilizonse (mwachitsanzo, kuwonetsera mu akaunti ya kasitomala);
11. Kulephera kwathunthu kusinthasintha komanso kuthekera kosintha chilichonse mu BMS kuti zigwirizane ndi njira zomwe zilipo kale. 

Zofunikira pa dongosolo latsopano la BMS

Poganizira zomwe tatchulazi, zofunika zathu zazikulu zinali motere:

1. Makina awiri odziyimira pawokha odziyimira pawokha omwe amangolumikizana okha, othamanga pamapulatifomu awiri osiyanasiyana amtambo m'malo osiyanasiyana a data (kwa ife, Linxdatacenter St. Petersburg ndi Moscow data center);
2. Kuwonjezera kwaulere kwa zipangizo zatsopano;
3. Zosintha zaulere zamapulogalamu ndi zigawo zake (kupatulapo kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito);
4. Khodi yotsegula, yomwe imatilola kuti tizithandizira paokha pakakhala zovuta kumbali ya wopanga;
5. Kutha kulandira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito deta kuchokera ku BMS, mwachitsanzo, pa webusaiti kapena mu akaunti yanu;
6. Kufikira kudzera pa WEB browser popanda kasitomala wandiweyani;
7. Kugwiritsa ntchito maakaunti a ogwira ntchito kuti mupeze BMS;
8. Kupezeka kwa makanema ojambula ndi zina zambiri zing'onozing'ono osati zazing'ono zomwe zidachitika mwatsatanetsatane mwatsatanetsatane.

Udzu womaliza

Panthawi yomwe tidazindikira kuti malo a data adadutsa BMS yake, yankho lodziwika bwino lidawoneka kwa ife kuti tisinthe dongosolo lomwe lidalipo. "Sasintha akavalo pakati," sichoncho? 

Komabe, mabizinesi akuluakulu, monga lamulo, sapereka zosintha zamachitidwe awo azaka makumi angapo "opukutidwa" omwe amagulitsidwa m'maiko ambiri. Ngakhale makampani ang'onoang'ono akuyesa lingaliro kapena chithunzi cha chinthu chamtsogolo kwa omwe angagule ndikudalira mayankho a ogwiritsa ntchito kuti apange chinthucho, mabungwe akupitilizabe kugulitsa zilolezo za chinthu chomwe chinali chozizira kwambiri, koma, tsoka, lero ndilakale komanso osasinthika.

Ndipo tinamva kusiyana kwa momwe tingayankhire tokha. Pakulemberana makalata ndi wopanga BMS yakale, zidawonekeratu kuti kusinthidwa kwadongosolo lomwe lidalipo loperekedwa ndi wogulitsa kungapangitse kuti tigulidwe kachitidwe katsopano ndi kusamutsa kwa database ya semi-automatic, kukwera mtengo ndi misampha pa nthawi ya kusamutsa, zomwe ngakhale wopanga mwiniyo sakanatha kudziwiratu. Zachidziwikire, pankhaniyi, mtengo waukadaulo wothandizira njira yosinthidwayo udakwera, ndipo kufunikira kogula zilolezo pakukulitsa kunakhalabe.

Ndipo chosasangalatsa kwambiri chinali chakuti dongosolo latsopanolo silinathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira zathu zosungitsa malo. Dongosolo losinthidwa la BMS litha kukhazikitsidwa, monga momwe tidafunira, papulatifomu yamtambo, yomwe ingatilole kusiya zida, koma njira ya redundancy sinaphatikizidwe pamtengo. Kuti tisunge deta, tifunika kugula seva yachiwiri ya BMS ndi zilolezo zina. Mtengo wa laisensi imodzi uli pafupifupi $76 ndipo kuchuluka kwa ma adilesi a IP kukhala mayunitsi 1000, zomwe zimawonjezera $76 pazowonjezera zina zongotengera zilolezo zamakina osunga zobwezeretsera. 

"Chitumbuwa" mu mtundu watsopano wa BMS chinali chofunikira kugula malayisensi owonjezera "pazida zonse" - ngakhale kwa seva yayikulu. Apa ndikofunikira kufotokozera kuti pali zida zolumikizidwa ndi BMS kudzera pazipata. Chipata chili ndi adilesi imodzi ya IP, koma imayang'anira zida zingapo (10 pafupifupi). Mu BMS yakale, izi zimafuna chilolezo chimodzi pa adilesi ya IP pachipata, ziwerengero zimawoneka motere: "1000 IP maadiresi/malayisensi, zida 1200." BMS yosinthidwa idagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana ndipo ziwerengero zitha kuwoneka motere: "1000 IP maadiresi, 1200 zida/malayisensi." Ndiko kuti, wogulitsa mu mtundu watsopanowo adasintha mfundo yopereka ziphaso, ndipo tidayenera kugula zilolezo zina pafupifupi 200. 

Bajeti ya "zosintha" pamapeto pake inali ndi mfundo zinayi: 

• mtengo wamtundu wamtambo ndi ntchito zosamukira kwawo; 
• zilolezo zowonjezera ku phukusi lomwe lilipo la zida zolumikizidwa kudzera pazipata;
• mtengo wamtundu wamtambo wosunga zobwezeretsera;  
• gulu la zilolezo kwa makina osunga zobwezeretsera. 

Ndalama zonse za ntchitoyo zinali zoposa $100! Ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kufunikira kogula ziphaso za zida zatsopano mtsogolomo.

Chotsatira chake, tinazindikira kuti zingakhale zosavuta kwa ife - ndipo mwinamwake ngakhale zotsika mtengo - kuyitanitsa dongosolo lopangidwa kuchokera pachiyambi, poganizira zofunikira zathu zonse ndikupereka mwayi wamakono m'tsogolomu. Koma omwe ankafuna kupanga dongosolo lovuta kwambiri loterolo amayenera kupezeka, poyerekeza malingaliro, osankhidwa ndipo ndi womaliza adayenda njira kuchokera kuzinthu zamakono mpaka kukhazikitsidwa ... Werengani za izi mu gawo lachiwiri la nkhaniyi posachedwa kwambiri. 

Source: www.habr.com