Pulogalamu ya ProHoster > Blog > Ulamuliro > Ubongo + VPS kwa 30 rubles =?

Ubongo + VPS kwa 30 rubles =?

Ndibwino kwambiri pamene tinthu tating'ono tating'ono tayandikira: cholembera chabwino ndi cholembera, pensulo yakuthwa, mbewa yabwino, mawaya angapo owonjezera, ndi zina zambiri. Zinthu zosawoneka bwino izi sizikopa chidwi, koma zimawonjezera chitonthozo kumoyo. Nkhani yomweyi ili ndi mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana am'manja ndi apakompyuta: pazithunzi zazitali, kuchepetsa kukula kwa chithunzi, kuwerengera ndalama zamunthu, madikishonale, omasulira, otembenuza, ndi zina zambiri. Kodi muli nayo? VPS - zomwe ndi zotsika mtengo, zomwe zimakhalapo nthawi zonse ndipo zimabweretsa zabwino zambiri? Ayi, osati yomwe muli nayo m'gulu lanu, koma yanu, "thumba" lanu. Tinkaganiza kuti popanda VPS yaying'ono mu 2019 zinali zachisoni mwanjira ina, monga opanda cholembera chokhazikika pamwambo. N’chifukwa chiyani muyenera kukhala achisoni? Ndi chilimwe. chilimwe bwanji? Chilimwe kwa katswiri wa IT: kukhala kunyumba, kugwira ntchito zomwe mumakonda popanda chisoni. Mwambiri, tinaganiza ndikuzichita.

Ubongo + VPS kwa 30 rubles =?
Chikominisi chafika, abwenzi.

Ali choncho - VPS yathu kwa makumi atatu

Tawerenga nkhani zambiri kuchokera kwa ochita nawo mpikisano ndi ogwiritsa ntchito omwe adalemba zaka 3-4 zapitazo chifukwa chake VPS yotsika mtengo sikufunika. Ndiko kulondola, ndiye kuti VPS "ndalama" inali kutsatsa koyera ndipo sikumatha kupereka mwayi wogwira ntchito. Koma nthawi zikusintha, mtengo wazinthu zenizeni ukutsika komanso wotsika, ndipo kwa ma ruble 30 pamwezi ndife okonzeka kupereka izi:

  • Purosesa: Intel Xeon 2 GHz (1 core)
  • Linux system (Debian, Ubuntu, CentOS kusankha)
  • 1 adilesi ya IPv4 yodzipatulira
  • 10 GB yosungiramo data pama drive othamanga a SSD
  • RAM: 512 MB
  • Pa sekondi imodzi yolipira
  • Magalimoto opanda malire

Mtengowu umakhala ndi zoletsa zina zaukadaulo, zambiri tsamba kupereka kwathu kozizira - VPS kwa 30 rubles. 

Kodi seva yeniyeniyi ndi yoyenera kwa ndani? Inde kwa pafupifupi aliyense: oyamba kumene, okonda, opanga odziwa zambiri, mafani a DIY komanso makampani ena.

Kodi VPS iyi ndiyoyenera kuchita chiyani?

Tikuganiza kuti owerenga a Habr adzapeza njira yawoyawo yogwiritsira ntchito kasinthidwe, koma tidaganiza zosonkhanitsa malingaliro athu - bwanji ngati wina angafunike, koma amunawo sakudziwa?

  • Ikani tsamba lanu losavuta, mbiri, pitilizani ndi code, ndi zina. Zachidziwikire, tsamba lanu lomwe lapangidwa limapangitsa chidwi kwa olemba ntchito. Ikani pa VPS yanu ndipo mukhale ndi udindo wa chitetezo ndi kukhazikika kwa tsambalo nokha, osati ndi ogwira ntchito omwe amapereka nthawi zonse.
  • Gwiritsani ntchito VPS pazolinga zophunzitsira: yambitsani polojekiti yanu, phunzirani mawonekedwe a seva ndi makina ogwiritsira ntchito seva, yesani DNS, fufuzani ndi tsamba laling'ono la maphunziro.
  • Za telefoni. Nthawi zina wochita bizinesi pawokha, wogwira ntchito pawokha kapena kampani yaying'ono kwambiri amafunikira telefoni ya IP, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito telefoniyi amakhala adyera kwambiri. Ndi zophweka: timatenga seva yathu, kugula nambala kuchokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito telephony IP, kukhazikitsa PBX yeniyeni ndikupanga manambala amkati (ngati kuli kofunikira). Ndasunga ndalama zambiri.
  • Gwiritsani ntchito seva kuyesa mapulogalamu anu.
  • Gwiritsani ntchito seva pazoyeserera za DIY, kuphatikiza kuwongolera ndi kusonkhanitsa deta kuchokera ku masensa anzeru akunyumba.
  • Njira yachilendo yogwiritsira ntchito ndikuyika wothandizira malonda ogulitsa, robot yogulitsa, pa seva. Mudzakhala ndi udindo wonse wokhazikika ndi chitetezo cha seva, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mudzalandira chida cholamulidwa kuti mugulitse malonda pamisika. Chabwino, ngati wina ali ndi chidwi kapena akukonzekera :)

Pali mapulogalamu a VPS otere mumagulu amakampani. Kuphatikiza pa ntchito zamafoni zomwe zatchulidwa kale, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zingapo zosangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo:

  • Ikani ma database ang'onoang'ono ndi zidziwitso zomwe zitha kupezeka kwa ogwira ntchito patali, mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito ftp. Izi zikuthandizani kuti musinthe mwachangu ma analytics atsopano, masinthidwe osinthidwa a anthu ogulitsa, mawonetsero, ndi zina zambiri.
  • Perekani mwayi kwa ogwiritsa ntchito kapena makasitomala osakhalitsa kuti awonetse mapulogalamu kapena media.

VPS test drive ya 30 rubles - yakuchitirani inu

Ma ruble 30 ndi ochepa kwambiri kotero kuti simukufuna ngakhale kutenga khadi kuti mulipire ndikuyesa. Nafenso nthawi zina timachita ulesi, koma ulendo uno tinakuchitirani zonse. Tisanayambitse ma seva kunkhondo, tidayesa kuti tiwone tsatanetsatane ndikuwonetsa zomwe ma seva amatha kuchita pamitengo iyi. Kuti tichite chidwi kwambiri, tidawonjeza mopitilira muyeso ndikuwunika momwe kasinthidwe kameneka kangakhalire ngati kachulukidwe ndi katundu zipitilira zomwe timayika. 

Wolandirayo anali wodzaza ndi makina angapo omwe amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana pa purosesa ndikugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu disk subsystem. Cholinga chake ndikufanizira kachulukidwe kachulukidwe ka malo ndi katundu wofanana kapena wokulirapo kuposa wankhondo.

Kuphatikiza pakulemetsa kosalekeza, tidayika makina atatu omwe adasonkhanitsa ma metric opangira pogwiritsa ntchito sysbench, zotsatira zake zomwe zidaperekedwa pansipa, ndi makina pafupifupi 3 omwe adapanga katundu wowonjezera. Makina onse oyeserera anali ndi kasinthidwe komweko (50 pachimake, RAM 1 GB, SSD 512 GB), chithunzi chodziwika bwino cha debian 10 chidasankhidwa ngati makina ogwiritsira ntchito, omwe amaperekedwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pa RUVDS.

Katunduyo adayesedwera mwachilengedwe komanso kukula kwake kufananiza ndi kumenyana:

  • Makina ena enieni adayambitsidwa ndi katundu wochepa
  • Makina ena amayesa script yoyeserera kutengera katundu pa purosesa (pogwiritsa ntchito zofunikira kupanikizika)
  • Pa gawo lotsala la makina enieni, tidayendetsa script yomwe idagwiritsa ntchito dd kukopera deta kuchokera ku data yokonzedweratu kupita ku disk yokhala ndi malire ogwiritsira ntchito pv (zitsanzo zitha kuwoneka. apa ΠΈ apa).

Komanso, monga mukukumbukira, tinali ndi makina atatu omwe amasonkhanitsa ma metric opangira.

Pa makina aliwonse, script inkachitidwa mozungulira mphindi 15 zilizonse, zomwe zimayesa mayeso a sysbench a purosesa, kukumbukira ndi disk.

Zolemba za sysbench.sh

#!/bin/bash
date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=cpu run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=memory run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=fileio --file-test-mode=seqwr run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=fileio --file-test-mode=seqrd run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt
sysbench --test=fileio --file-test-mode=rndrw run >> /root/sysbench/results.txt

Zotsatira zimaperekedwa kuti zikhale zosavuta mumtundu wa sysbench, koma mitengo yapakati pa nthawi yonse yoyesa idatengedwa pamakina onse, zotsatira zake zitha kuwoneka apa:

Sysbanch-avg.txtsysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1

Doing CPU performance benchmark

Threads started!
Done.

Maximum prime number checked in CPU test: 10000

Test execution summary:
total time: 19.2244s
total number of events: 10000
total time taken by event execution: 19.2104
per-request statistics:
min: 1.43ms
avg: 1.92ms
max: 47.00ms
approx. 95 percentile: 3.02ms

Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 10000.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 19.2104/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1

Doing memory operations speed test
Memory block size: 1K

Memory transfer size: 102400M

Memory operations type: write
Memory scope type: global
Threads started!
Done.

Operations performed: 104857600 (328001.79 ops/sec)

102400.00 MB transferred (320.32 MB/sec)

Test execution summary:
total time: 320.9155s
total number of events: 104857600
total time taken by event execution: 244.8399
per-request statistics:
min: 0.00ms
avg: 0.00ms
max: 139.41ms
approx. 95 percentile: 0.00ms

Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 104857600.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 244.8399/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1

Extra file open flags: 0
128 files, 16Mb each
2Gb total file size
Block size 16Kb
Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests.
Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.
Using synchronous I/O mode
Doing sequential write (creation) test
Threads started!
Done.

Operations performed: 0 Read, 131072 Write, 128 Other = 131200 Total
Read 0b Written 2Gb Total transferred 2Gb (320.1Mb/sec)
20251.32 Requests/sec executed

Test execution summary:
total time: 6.9972s
total number of events: 131072
total time taken by event execution: 5.2246
per-request statistics:
min: 0.01ms
avg: 0.04ms
max: 96.76ms
approx. 95 percentile: 0.03ms

Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 131072.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 5.2246/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1

Extra file open flags: 0
128 files, 16Mb each
2Gb total file size
Block size 16Kb
Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests.
Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.
Using synchronous I/O mode
Doing sequential read test
Threads started!
Done.

Operations performed: 131072 Read, 0 Write, 0 Other = 131072 Total
Read 2Gb Written 0b Total transferred 2Gb (91.32Mb/sec)
5844.8 Requests/sec executed

Test execution summary:
total time: 23.1054s
total number of events: 131072
total time taken by event execution: 22.9933
per-request statistics:
min: 0.00ms
avg: 0.18ms
max: 295.75ms
approx. 95 percentile: 0.77ms

Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 131072.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 22.9933/0.00

sysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark

Running the test with following options:
Number of threads: 1

Extra file open flags: 0
128 files, 16Mb each
2Gb total file size
Block size 16Kb
Number of random requests for random IO: 10000
Read/Write ratio for combined random IO test: 1.50
Periodic FSYNC enabled, calling fsync() each 100 requests.
Calling fsync() at the end of test, Enabled.
Using synchronous I/O mode
Doing random r/w test
Threads started!
Done.

Operations performed: 6000 Read, 4000 Write, 12800 Other = 22800 Total
Read 93.75Mb Written 62.5Mb Total transferred 156.25Mb (1341.5Kb/sec)
85.61 Requests/sec executed

Test execution summary:
total time: 152.9786s
total number of events: 10000
total time taken by event execution: 14.1879
per-request statistics:
min: 0.01ms
avg: 1.41ms
max: 210.22ms
approx. 95 percentile: 4.95ms

Threads fairness:
events (avg/stddev): 10000.0000/0.00
execution time (avg/stddev): 14.1879/0.00
Zotsatira ndizowonetsera, komabe siziyenera kutengedwa ngati QoS. 

Makina omwe amapanga katundu wowonjezera

Mapulogalamu:

  • pangani zosinthika
  • yongolerani bwino
  • gwiritsani ntchito moyenerera python-pip
  • pip kukhazikitsa mysql-connector-python-rf

Anaika MariaDB, Momwe munga apa:

apt-get install libmariadbclient-dev
mysql -e "INSTALL PLUGIN blackhole SONAME 'ha_blackhole.so';" -- Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ для test_employees_sha

Mayeso atengedwa kuchokera pano:

Dongosolo la database limatumizidwa monga momwe zafotokozedwera apa:

mysql -t < employees.sql
mysql -t < test_employees_sha.sql

Mayeso ang'onoang'ono:

Table 

RowsCount 

Kukula kwa data (MB)

Kukula kwa index (KB)

makampani 

9

0.02

16.00

dept_emp 

331143 

11.52

5648.00

dept_manager 

24 

0.02

16.00

antchito 

299379 

14.52

0.00

malipiro 

2838426 

95.63

0.00 

maudindo 

442783 

19.56

0.00

Ntchito yoyeserera yoyambirira imalembedwa pabondo ku Python; imagwira ntchito zinayi:

  1. getState: imabweretsanso mawonekedwe
  2. getEmployee: kubweza antchito (+malipiro, + maudindo) kuchokera pankhokwe
  3. patchEmployee: amasintha magawo a antchito
  4. insertMalipiro: amaika malipiro

Gwero la ntchito (dbtest.py)

#!/usr/bin/python
import mysql.connector as mariadb
from flask import Flask, json, request, abort
from mysql.connector.constants import ClientFlag

app = Flask(__name__)

def getFields(cursor):
    results = {}
    column = 0
    for d in cursor.description:
        results[d[0]] = column
        column = column + 1
    return results

PAGE_SIZE = 30

@app.route("/")
def main():
    return "Hello!"

@app.route("/employees/<page>", methods=['GET'])
def getEmployees(page):
    offset = (int(page) - 1) * PAGE_SIZE
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees')
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM employees LIMIT {} OFFSET {}".format(PAGE_SIZE, offset))
    return {'employees': [i[0] for i in cursor.fetchall()]}

@app.route("/employee/<id>", methods=['GET'])
def getEmployee(id):
    id = int(id)
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees')
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM employees WHERE emp_no = {}".format(id))
    fields = getFields(cursor)
    employee = {}
    found = False
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        found = True
        employee = {
            "birth_date": row[fields["birth_date"]],
            "first_name": row[fields["first_name"]],
            "last_name": row[fields["last_name"]],
            "gender": row[fields["gender"]],
            "hire_date": row[fields["hire_date"]]
        }
    if not found:
        abort(404)
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM salaries WHERE emp_no = {}".format(id))
    fields = getFields(cursor)
    salaries = []
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        salary = {
            "salary": row[fields["salary"]],
            "from_date": row[fields["from_date"]],
            "to_date": row[fields["to_date"]]
        }
        salaries.append(salary)
    employee["salaries"] = salaries
    cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM titles WHERE emp_no = {}".format(id))
    fields = getFields(cursor)
    titles = []
    for row in cursor.fetchall():
        title = {
            "title": row[fields["title"]],
            "from_date": row[fields["from_date"]],
            "to_date": row[fields["to_date"]]
        }
        titles.append(title)
    employee["titles"] = titles
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success",
        "employee": employee
    })

def isFieldValid(t, v):
    if t == "employee":
        return v in ["birdth_date", "first_name", "last_name", "hire_date"]
    else:
        return false

@app.route("/employee/<id>", methods=['PATCH'])
def setEmployee(id):
    id = int(id)
    content = request.json
    print(content)
    setList = ""
    data = []
    for k, v in content.iteritems():
        if not isFieldValid("employee", k):
            continue
        if setList != "":
            setList = setList + ", "
        setList = setList + k + "=%s"
        data.append(v)
    data.append(id)
    print(setList)
    print(data)
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees', client_flags=[ClientFlag.FOUND_ROWS])
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    cursor.execute("UPDATE employees SET {} WHERE emp_no = %s".format(setList), data)
    connection.commit()
    if cursor.rowcount < 1:
        abort(404)
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success"
    })

@app.route("/salary", methods=['PUT'])
def putSalary():
    content = request.json
    print(content)
    connection = mariadb.connect(user='admin', password='q5XpRomdSr', database='employees', client_flags=[ClientFlag.FOUND_ROWS])
    cursor = connection.cursor()
    data = [content["emp_no"], content["salary"], content["from_date"], content["to_date"]]
    cursor.execute("INSERT INTO salaries (emp_no, salary, from_date, to_date) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s)", data)
    connection.commit()
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success"
    })


@app.route("/state", methods=['GET'])
def getState():
    return json.dumps({
        "status": "success",
        "state": "working"
    })

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(host='0.0.0.0',port='5002')

Chonde chonde! Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, ntchitoyi iyenera kutengedwa ngati chitsanzo kapena kalozera!

Mayesero amachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito JMeter yakale. Mayesero angapo oyambira mphindi 15 mpaka maola awiri adayambitsidwa, popanda zosokoneza, kuchuluka kwa zopempha kumasiyanasiyana, ndipo zomwe zidachitika zimasiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 300 zopempha pamphindi. Chiwerengero cha ulusi kuyambira 600 mpaka 50.

Chifukwa chakuti database ndi yaying'ono kwambiri, lamulo ili:

mysql -e "SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS"

Zikuwonetsa kuti:

Buffer pool hit rate 923 / 1000, young-making rate 29 / 1000 not 32 / 1000

Pansipa pali avareji yanthawi zoyankhira zopempha:

chizindikiro

Avereji

Zamkatikati

90% Line

95% Line

99% Line

Mphindi

Max

kupeza Wogwira ntchito

37.64

12.57

62.28

128.5

497.57

5

4151.78

getState

17

7.57

30.14

58.71

193

3

2814.71

patchWogwira ntchito

161.42

83.29

308

492.57

1845.14

5

6639.4

kuikaSalary

167.21

86.93

315.34

501.07

1927.12

7

6722.44

Zingakhale zovuta kuti muweruze kuchokera ku zotsatira zopangira izi momwe VPS iyi iliri yoyenera pa ntchito zanu zenizeni, ndipo, mwachizoloΕ΅ezi, njira zomwe zatchulidwazi ndizochepa pazochitika zomwe tinkayenera kuthana nazo mwanjira ina. momveka bwino kuti sakutha. Tikukupemphani kuti mupange malingaliro anu ndikuyesa seva ya ma ruble 30 pazogwiritsa ntchito zenizeni ndi ntchito zanu ndikuwonetsa zomwe mungasankhe pakusintha uku mu ndemanga.

Source: www.habr.com

Kuwonjezera ndemanga