Π Ndinayankhula mwachidule za msonkhano womwewo, womwe umakulolani kuti mupange kompyuta yomwe mungathe kuyendetsa unRAID kuti mupange NAS ndi MikroTik RouterOS mu makina a KVM monga m'malo mwa rauta wamba.
Ndemangazo zidakhala zokambirana zothandiza, kutengera zotsatira zomwe ndikofunikira kukonza zolakwika pamsonkhano woyamba ndikulemba gawo lachitatu! Ndiyesa malingaliro ena pa ine ndekha ndipo, ndikuyembekeza, ndilemba gawo lachitatu.
Pakuyika koyamba, muyenera kulumikiza chowunikira, kiyibodi ndi mbewa ku seva.
Kukhazikitsa unRAID
Tiyeni tipite ndikuyika unRAID pa USB flash drive (yomwe ndinayiwala kuwonjezera patebulo). Malangizo a ma drive ama flash ndi okhazikika: mtundu wamba komanso kukula kwakukulu kwa thupi (kuzizira bwino). Kung'anima kumeneku kudzayambitsa unRAID, kotero ma SSD anu adzasungidwa kwathunthu. Zambiri zambiri zovomerezeka .
Musaiwale kuthandizira VT-d ndi VT-x mu BIOS yanu!
Timalumikiza flash drive ku seva ndikuyiyambitsa mu GUI mode.
Dzina lolowera ndi mawu achinsinsi: mizu yopanda mawu achinsinsi.
Version pa nthawi yolembedwa: 6.7.2
Pambuyo poyambitsa OS, onetsetsani kuti zida zonse zolumikizidwa zapezeka. Dongosolo liyenera kuwona ma disks anu onse (ma disks akuwonetsedwa pa Main tabu), owongolera awiri a Efaneti ndi khadi ya Wi-Fi (ndipo izi ndizosavuta kuyang'ana mu Zida -> Zida Zadongosolo).
Vuto ndi owongolera a Marvell SATA
Chifukwa cha cholakwika mu dalaivala wa Marvell controller, iwo .
Ndinasankha njira yosavuta: yowonjezera iommu=pt kupita ku chingwe chodutsa ku Linux kernel ikayamba. Izi zachitika pa Main tabu (ndiye alemba pa "Flash" chipangizo). Komanso, mutha kusintha koyambira pa flash drive: boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
Za Intel vPro
Sindikupangira kuyang'ana zida zomwe zimathandizira vPro/AMT.
Choyamba, kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino pakompyuta yakutali, muyenera kulumikiza pulagi ya HDMI-dummy kapena DP-dummy, apo ayi khadi la kanema lomwe lamangidwa silingayambitsidwe popanda chowunikira cholumikizidwa.
Kachiwiri, mtundu wa mapulogalamu a kasitomala kuchokera ku Intel ndiwotsika kwambiri.
Chachitatu, mudzakwaniritsa ntchito zomwezo kuti mugwiritse ntchito kunyumba ndi opanda zingwe kapena ma waya HDMI / DP extender ndipo simudzakhala ndi malire mwanjira iliyonse pakusankha kwa hardware.
Kukhazikitsa makina
Pitani ku Zikhazikiko -> Network Settings. Monga momwe mungaganizire, imodzi mwamawonekedwewo idzayang'ana pa intaneti yakomweko, yachiwiri - pa intaneti. Poyamba, sankhani imodzi yomwe ilumikizidwa ndi netiweki yanu yapafupi. Pa bolodi yanga pali zomata zokhala ndi ma adilesi a MAC pa zolumikizira, ndimomwe ndidadziwira kuti ndani.
Mwachidule, zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikugawa mawonekedwe aliwonse ngati membala wa milatho iwiri yosiyana ya L2 ndikuyika adilesi ya IP yolumikizidwa ndi netiweki yakomweko. Pa mawonekedwe omwe akuyang'ana pa intaneti, adilesi ya IP sikufunika; RouterOS idzayigwira.
Izi ndi zomwe muyenera kupeza:
- 192.168.1.2 - adilesi komwe unRAID ipezeka
- 192.168.0.1 - adilesi ya RouterOS
- 192.168.1.3 - pi.hole DNS adilesi ya seva
Mutha kusiya gawo la adilesi ya eth0 kudzera pa DHCP, koma ngati pali zovuta zilizonse mu RouterOS, sitingathe kupeza unRAID ndipo tidzafunika kulumikiza chowunikira ndi kiyibodi ku seva.
Mukakhazikitsa netiweki, mutha kusinthira ku kukhazikitsa kwakutali pokhazikitsa pamanja adilesi ya IP pa kasitomala wa LAN.
Kukonzekera kosungira
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito makina enieni, mudzafunika kusungirako, kotero ndi nthawi yoti muyikonze. Sindingafotokoze mwatsatanetsatane, chifukwa ndizosavuta: muyenera kugawa maudindo ku hard drive - imodzi Disk 1, ina Parity.
Mu gawo loyamba, ndinalemba kuti SSD imodzi ndi yokwanira, koma izi sizowona: ndi bwino kutenga awiri ofanana ndikupanga dziwe la cache kuchokera kwa iwo, kotero kuti deta yomwe ili pa iwo idzatetezedwa ngati wina alephera. . Komanso, unRAID ilibe njira yosungira deta kuchokera ku cache. Chilichonse chikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane .
Ziyenera kuwoneka motere (pepani, sindinagulebe SSD yachiwiri):
Komanso, mutha kukhazikitsa nthawi yomweyo ndandanda yowonera kufanana ndi kusamutsa deta kuchokera ku cache. Izi zachitika pa Zikhazikiko -> Scheduler tsamba.
Ndikokwanira kuyang'ana kufanana kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri iliyonse, ndikusamutsa deta kuchokera ku cache usiku uliwonse.
Mutha kukonza nthawi yomweyo zothandizira zomwe zikupezeka pa netiweki pagawo la Shares:
Chifukwa chakuti ndili ndi disk imodzi yokha ya cache, madambwe ndi osatetezedwa. Chilichonse chiyenera kukhala chobiriwira.
Kukhazikitsa RouterOS
Choyamba muyenera kukopera unsembe ISO fano (sankhani x86 Stable CD Image) ndikuyikamo Towerisos.
Tsopano ndi nthawi yopanga makina enieni.
Yambitsani chithandizo mu Zikhazikiko -> VM Manager. Pambuyo pake, tabu yatsopano idzawonekera - ma VM, pitani kwa iyo.
Dinani Add VM, ndiye Linux.
- Sankhani pachimake chimodzi chokha
- Ndi zokwanira kugawa 128 kapena 256 megabytes kukumbukira
- Makina -
i440fx-3.1 - BIOS -
SeaBIOS - Mu OS Ikani chinthu cha ISO, sankhani chithunzi chotsitsidwa (
/mnt/user/isos/mikrotik-6.46.iso) - Kukula Kwambiri kwa vDisk - 256M
- Basi yoyamba ya vDisk -
SATA - Network Bridge - br0
- Onjezani mawonekedwe achiwiri amtaneti ndikusankha br1
- Ngati khadi lanu la Wi-Fi silikuwonetsedwa pazida Zina za PCI, zili bwino - tizilemba pamanja mu config; ngati iwonetsedwa, fufuzani bokosi.
- Pakadali pano, sankhani Yambitsani VM mutapanga ndikudina Pangani
Kumbukirani kuti ndi ma adilesi ati a MAC omwe adzalandira ma interfaces, kuti agwirizane nawo mtsogolomo mu RouterOS.
Pazifukwa zina, kugawira madoko kwa ma VM osiyanasiyana sikunandigwire ntchito nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake tsegulani makonzedwe a XML ndikuwongolera mzere ndi zoikamo za VNC ku chinthu chonga ichi:
<graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='no' websocket='5700' listen='0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>Ngati inu, monga ine, munalibe adaputala ya Wi-Fi mu Zida Zina za PCI, lowetsani pamanja. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupeza adilesi yake pa basi ya PCI. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndi Zida -> Zipangizo Zadongosolo, padzakhala mzere pamenepo:
IOMMU group 23: [168c:003c] 0b:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA986x/988x 802.11ac Wireless Network AdapterZomwe m'malo mwanga zimakhala:
(pepani, pazifukwa zina Habr's MD parser ndi ngolo mu chigawo ichi, ndinayenera kuyika chithunzi)
Mutha kuyambitsa VM ndikulumikizana nayo kudzera pa VNC. Kuyika RouterOS ndikosavuta! Pambuyo popemphedwa kuti musankhe phukusi, njira yosavuta ndiyo kusankha zonse ndi kiyi a ndi kumaliza kukhazikitsa ndi kiyi i, kukana kusunga kasinthidwe kakale ndikuvomera kupanga diski.
Pambuyo poyambitsanso, lowetsani admin monga malowedwe, ndipo mawu achinsinsi alibe kanthu.
Imbani /interface print ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makinawa akuwona ma network anu onse atatu (ndinatenga chithunzi kuchokera pamakina omwe adakhazikitsidwa kale, pomwe mayina amasiyana ndi osakhazikika):
Panthawi imeneyi mukhoza kukopera , polumikizani ku RouterOS pogwiritsa ntchito adilesi ya MAC ndikuchitanso masinthidwe kudzera mu GUI.
Ndikuganiza kuti kasinthidwe katsatanetsatane ka RouterOS sikungatheke m'nkhaniyi, makamaka popeza pali zolemba zambiri pa intaneti, ndiye ndikukupemphani kuti muchite kaye Kukhazikitsa Mwachangu:
Mutha kulumikiza chingwe chapaintaneti padoko laulere ndikusintha kasitomala wa LAN kuti apeze adilesi ya IP, ndikuwonanso magwiridwe antchito a Wi-Fi. Mukaonetsetsa kuti zonse zikuyenda, mutha kugula ndikulowetsa kiyi ya laisensi ya RouterOS.
Kuwonjezera Linux VM
Kuti tigwire ntchito m'malo odziwika bwino, tiyeni tipange makina ena enieni omwe tikhazikitse omwe mumakonda %distro_name%
Tsitsanibe chithunzi cha ISO ndikuchiyika isos
Pitani ku tabu yodziwika bwino ya ma VM, kenako Onjezani VM, zosintha zambiri zitha kusiyidwa ngati zosasintha.
- BIOS -
SeaBIOS - Mu OS Ikani chinthu cha ISO, sankhani chithunzi chomwe mwatsitsa
- Kukula Kwambiri kwa vDisk - china chake mozungulira 10-20 GB
- Share Unraid - njira yopita ku bukhu lomwe mukufuna kuti lipezeke ku VM, kwa ine
/mnt/user/shared/ - Mount tag ya Unraid
shared - Network Bridge - br0
- Pakadali pano, sankhani Yambitsani VM mutapanga ndikudina Pangani
Timakonzanso zosintha za seva ya VNC mu config:
<graphics type='vnc' port='5901' autoport='no' websocket='5701' listen='0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>Ikani dongosolo, liyenera kulandira IP kudzera pa DHCP ndikukhala ndi intaneti.
Kuti chikwatu cha FS chipezeke pa wolandila, yonjezerani /etc/fstab mzere wotsatira:
shared /mnt/shared 9p trans=virtio,version=9p2000.L 0 0Tsopano mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mautumiki omwe mumawazolowera pamakina odziwika a Linux, omwe amatha kunyamula mosavuta kuzinthu zina!
Ngati zonse zikuyenda bwino ndikuyatsa ndikuzimitsa moyenera, mutha kugula ndikuyika kiyi ya unRAID. Musaiwale kuti imamangiriridwa ku GUID ya flash drive (ngakhale imatha kusamutsidwa). Komanso, popanda chilolezo, kuyambitsa VM basi sikugwira ntchito.
Finale
Zikomo powerenga mpaka kumapeto!
Ndidayesetsa kuti ndisalembe zambiri, koma zidakhala zazitali m'malingaliro mwanga. Zina zotsalira za unRAID ndizosavuta kuzikonza m'malingaliro mwanga, makamaka popeza zonse zimakonzedwa ndi mbewa.
Pali malingaliro abwino pazomwe zingayikidwe pa VM . Ndikuganiza kuti aliyense ali ndi zosowa zake ndipo ndizosatheka kubwera ndi mndandanda wapadziko lonse lapansi. Ngakhale, pi.hole, inde, ikhoza kulimbikitsidwa kwa aliyense :)
Ndikukhulupirira kuti ndili ndi zokwanira kuti ndipitirize!
Source: www.habr.com