SynQuacer E-Series motherboard ya seva ya 24-core ARM pa purosesa ya ARM Cortex A53 yokhala ndi 32 GB ya RAM,
Kwa zaka zambiri, ma processor a ARM ochepetsa malangizo a seti (RISC) akhala akulamulira msika wam'manja. Koma sanathe kulowa m'malo opangira data, pomwe Intel ndi AMD amalamulirabe ndi x86 malangizo. Nthawi ndi nthawi, mayankho achilendo amawonekera, monga , koma palibe malingaliro ovuta panobe. Kunena zowona, sizinali mpaka sabata ino.
AWS idakhazikitsa mapurosesa ake a 64-core ARM pamtambo sabata ino ndi system-on-chip yokhala ndi ARM Neoverse N1 core. Kampaniyo imati Graviton2 ndiyothamanga kwambiri kuposa ma processor a ARM am'badwo wam'mbuyomu muzochitika za EC2 A1, ndipo izi ndi izi. .
Bizinesi yachitukuko ndi yokhudzana ndi kufananiza manambala. M'malo mwake, makasitomala a data center kapena ntchito yamtambo samasamala za zomangamanga zomwe ma processor ali nazo. Amasamala za chiΕ΅erengero cha mtengo / ntchito. Ngati kuthamanga pa ARM ndikotsika mtengo kuposa kuthamanga pa x86, ndiye kuti adzasankhidwa.
Mpaka posachedwa, zinali zosatheka kunena mosapita m'mbali kuti computing pa ARM ingakhale yopindulitsa kuposa x86. Mwachitsanzo, seva 24-core ARM Cortex A53 ndi chitsanzo yowononga pafupifupi $ 1000, yomwe imatha kuyendetsa seva yapaintaneti pa Ubuntu, koma inali yotsika kwambiri pakugwirira ntchito kwa purosesa ya x86.
Komabe, mphamvu yodabwitsa ya ma processor a ARM imapangitsa kuti tiziwayang'ana mobwerezabwereza. Mwachitsanzo, SocioNext SC2A11 imangodya 5 W. Koma magetsi amawerengera pafupifupi 20% ya ndalama za data center. Ngati tchipisi tating'ono tikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino, ndiye kuti x86 sikhala ndi mwayi.
Kubwera Koyamba kwa ARM: EC2 A1 Instances
Kumapeto kwa 2018, AWS idayambitsa pa mapurosesa athu a ARM. Ichi chinali chizindikiro kwa makampani za kusintha komwe kungachitike pamsika, koma zotsatira zake zinali zokhumudwitsa.
Gome ili pansipa likuwonetsa EC2 A1 (ARM) ndi EC2 M5d.metal (x86) zochitika. Chidacho chidagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa stress-ng:
stress-ng --metrics-brief --cache 16 --icache 16 --matrix 16 --cpu 16 --memcpy 16 --qsort 16 --dentry 16 --timer 16 -t 1m
Monga mukuwonera, A1 idachita zoyipa pamayeso onse kupatula posungira. Mu zizindikiro zina zambiri, ARM inali yotsika kwambiri. Kusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchitoku ndikokulirapo kuposa kusiyana kwamitengo ya 46% pakati pa A1 ndi M5. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, zochitika pa ma processor a x86 akadali ndi chiΕ΅erengero chabwino cha mtengo / ntchito:
mayeso
EC2 A1
EC2 M5d.zitsulo
Kusiyana
posungira
1280
311
311,58%
icache
18209
34368
-47,02%
Matrix
77932
252190
-69,10%
CPU
9336
24077
-61,22%
memcpy
21085
111877
-81,15%
qsort
522
728
-28,30%
mano
1389634
2770985
-49.85%
timer
4970125
15367075
-67,66%
Zoonadi, ma microbenchmarks sawonetsa chithunzi chenicheni nthawi zonse. Chofunikira ndikusiyana kwa magwiridwe antchito enieni. Koma apa chithunzicho sichinakhale bwino. Anzake ochokera ku Scylla anayerekezera zochitika za a1.metal ndi m5.4xlarge ndi chiwerengero chofanana cha mapurosesa. Muyeso yowerengera yowerengera ya NoSQL pamakonzedwe amodzi a node, woyamba adawonetsa ntchito zowerengera 102 pamphindikati, ndipo yachiwiri 000. Izi zikufanana ndi kuchepetsa kuwirikiza kasanu ndi kamodzi pakugwira ntchito, komwe sikumachotsedwa ndi mtengo wotsika.
Kuphatikiza apo, zochitika za A1 zimangoyenda pa EBS popanda kuthandizidwa ndi zida za NVMe zachangu monga nthawi zina.
Ponseponse, A1 inali njira yatsopano, koma sizinakwaniritse zomwe ARM amayembekezera.
Kubwera Kwachiwiri kwa ARM: EC2 M6 Zochitika
Zonse zidasintha sabata ino pomwe AWS idayambitsa gulu latsopano la ma seva a ARM, komanso zochitika zingapo pa mapurosesa atsopano. kuphatikizapo .
Kuyerekeza zochitika izi kukuwonetsa chithunzi chosiyana kwambiri. M'mayeso ena, ARM imachita bwino, ndipo nthawi zina bwino kwambiri, kuposa x86.
Nazi zotsatira zoyendetsa lamulo loyesa kupsinjika komweko:
mayeso
EC2 M6g
EC2 M5d.zitsulo
Kusiyana
posungira
218
311
-29,90%
icache
45887
34368
33,52%
Matrix
453982
252190
80,02%
CPU
14694
24077
-38,97%
memcpy
134711
111877
20,53%
qsort
943
728
29,53%
mano
3088242
2770985
11,45%
timer
55515663
15367075
261,26%
Iyi ndi nkhani yosiyana kwambiri: M6g imathamanga kasanu kuposa A1 powerenga kuchokera ku database ya Scylla NoSQL, ndipo zatsopano za M6gd zimayendetsa ma NVMe othamanga.
ARM amawononga mbali zonse
Purosesa ya AWS Graviton2 ndi chitsanzo chimodzi chabe cha ARM yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira data. Koma zizindikiro zimachokera mbali zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pa Novembara 15, 2019, Nuvia yaku America .
Kuyambako kudakhazikitsidwa ndi mainjiniya atatu otsogola omwe adagwira nawo ntchito yopanga ma processor ku Apple ndi Google. Amalonjeza kupanga mapurosesa a malo opangira data omwe adzapikisana ndi Intel ndi AMD.
Ndi , Nuvia adapanga purosesa kuyambira pansi mpaka pansi yomwe imatha kumangidwa "pamwamba" ya zomangamanga za ARM, koma osapeza chilolezo cha ARM.
Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti ma processor a ARM ali okonzeka kugonjetsa msika wa seva. Kupatula apo, tikukhala mu nthawi yama PC. Kutumiza kwapachaka kwa x86 kwatsika pafupifupi 10% kuyambira pachimake cha 2011, pomwe tchipisi ta RISC chakwera mpaka 20 biliyoni. Masiku ano, 99% ya ma processor a 32- ndi 64-bit padziko lonse lapansi ndi RISC.
Opambana a Turing Award John Hennessy ndi David Patterson adasindikiza nkhani mu February 2019 . Izi ndi zomwe amalemba:
Msika wathetsa mkangano wa RISC-CISC. Ngakhale CISC idapambana magawo omaliza a nthawi ya PC, koma RISC ikupambana tsopano popeza nthawi ya post-PC yafika. Palibe ma CISC ISA atsopano omwe adapangidwa kwazaka zambiri. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, kuvomerezana pa mfundo zabwino kwambiri za ISA za mapurosesa a zolinga zonse masiku ano kumatsamirabe RISC, zaka 35 pambuyo pa kupangidwa kwake ... . Lingaliro lazonse za purosesa mu tchipisi izi zitha kukhala RISC, yomwe yakhala ikuyesa nthawi. Yembekezerani kusinthika kofulumira kofanana ndi nthawi yotsiriza ya golidi, koma nthawi ino malinga ndi mtengo, mphamvu ndi chitetezo, osati ntchito zokha.
"Zaka khumi zikubwerazi tiwona kuphulika kwa Cambrian kwa zomangamanga zatsopano zamakompyuta, zomwe zikuwonetsa nthawi yosangalatsa kwa omanga makompyuta m'maphunziro ndi mafakitale," adamaliza nyuzipepalayo.
Source: www.habr.com