Nkhani yotchuka. Makompyuta amphamvu kwambiri akangowonekera, magwiridwe antchito a mapurosesa ndi mphamvu zosungirako zikuwonjezeka, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito akuusa moyo - "tsopano ndili ndi zokwanira pa chilichonse, sindiyenera kufinya ndikusunga," ndiye pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo zosowa zatsopano zimawonekera, ndikuchotsa zinthu zambiri. , mapulogalamu atsopano omwenso "simadzikana chilichonse." Vuto lamuyaya. Kuzungulira kosatha. Ndipo kusaka kosatha kwa mayankho atsopano. Kusungirako mitambo, ma neural network, luntha lochita kupanga - ndizovuta ngakhale kulingalira mphamvu zazikulu zomwe matekinolojewa amafunikira. Koma tisakhumudwe, chifukwa pavuto lililonse, posachedwa kapena mtsogolo pali yankho.
Imodzi mwa njirazi inali NVM-express protocol, yomwe, monga akatswiri amanenera, yasintha kugwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira kosasunthika kwa boma. Kodi NVMe ndi chiyani ndipo imabweretsa phindu lotani?
Kuthamanga kwa kompyuta kumadalira kwambiri kuthamanga kwa kuwerenga deta kuchokera ku media komanso kuthamanga kwa malamulo okonza. Ziribe kanthu momwe machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito amagwirira ntchito lonse, chirichonse chikhoza kusokonezedwa ndi hard drive yanthawi zonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapulogalamu achepetse potsegula kapena "kuganiza" pochita ntchito zazikulu. Osanenanso kuti HDD yatha mphamvu zake pakuwonjezera kuchuluka kwazinthu zosungirako ndipo chifukwa chake yakhala yosadalirika. Ndipo kuyendetsa kwamakina kunali kwachikale kwambiri ndikuchepetsa kukula kwaukadaulo wamakompyuta.
Ndipo tsopano ma HDD asinthidwa ndi ma SSD - ma drive olimba, zida zosungira zosasunthika zosasunthika. Ma drive oyamba a SSD adawonekera pamsika mu theka lachiwiri la 2000s. Posakhalitsa adayamba kupikisana ndi ma hard drive pankhani ya voliyumu. Koma kwa nthawi yayitali sakanatha kuzindikira zomwe angathe komanso ubwino wawo pa liwiro ndi mwayi wofanana ndi maselo, chifukwa mawonekedwe omwe alipo ndi ma protocol adamangidwa molingana ndi mfundo zakale zomwe zimapangidwira kuthandizira ma drive a HDD kudzera pa SATA komanso ma SCSI (SAS) akale kwambiri. .
Gawo lotsatira pakutsegula kuthekera kwa kukumbukira kosasunthika kunali kusintha kwa mabasi a PCI-express. Koma pofika nthaΕ΅i imeneyo miyezo yatsopano ya mafakitale inali isanapangidwebe kwa iwo. Ndipo mu 2012, makompyuta oyamba adatulutsidwa omwe adagwiritsa ntchito protocol ya NVM-express.
Muyenera kusamala nthawi yomweyo kuti NVMe si chipangizo kapena mawonekedwe ake olumikizirana. Iyi ndi ndondomeko, kapena ndendende, ndondomeko yosinthira deta.
Chifukwa chake, mawu oti "NVMe drive" sizolondola kwathunthu, ndipo kufananiza ngati "HDD - SSD - NVMe" ndikolakwika kwambiri komanso kusokeretsa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito yemwe akungodziwa mutuwo. Ndizolondola kuyerekeza HDD ndi SSD mbali imodzi, SSD yolumikizidwa kudzera pa SATA mawonekedwe (kudzera pa protocol ya AHCI) ndi SSD yolumikizidwa kudzera pa PCI-express basi pogwiritsa ntchito protocol ya NVM-express, ina. Kuyerekeza ma HDD ndi ma SSD mwina sikusangalatsanso aliyense. Aliyense amamvetsetsa kusiyana kwake, ndipo aliyense amadziwa bwino za ubwino wa zotsirizirazi. Kungowona zabwino zina (zochititsa chidwi kwambiri). Poyerekeza ndi ma hard drive, ma drive olimba ndi ocheperako kukula kwake ndi kulemera kwake, amakhala chete, ndipo kusowa kwathunthu kwa ma drive amakina kumawapangitsa kuti asawonongeke nthawi zambiri (mwachitsanzo, akagwetsedwa) ndikungowonjezera moyo wawo wautumiki.
Kuyerekeza kuthekera kwa SSD ndi basi yakale ndi protocol yakale ndi SSD pa basi ya PCIe yokhala ndi protocol ya NVMe ndizosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa aliyense amene amazolowera kuchita zinthu zatsopano, kwa omwe adzagula kompyuta yatsopano, ndipo ngakhale kwa iwo omwe, mwachitsanzo, akuyang'ana malo abwino kwambiri.
Mawonekedwe a SATA, monga tafotokozera kale, adapangidwira ma hard drive, omwe mutu wake ukhoza kulowa mu cell imodzi yokha panthawi imodzi. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti zida za SATA zili ndi njira imodzi yokha. Kwa ma SSD, zachisoni sizokwanira, chifukwa chimodzi mwazabwino zake ndikuthandizira mitsinje yofananira. Wolamulira wa SSD amawongoleranso malo oyamba, omwe ndi mwayi wina wofunikira. Mabasi a PCI-express amapereka njira zambiri, ndipo protocol ya NVMe imazindikira mwayi umenewu. Zotsatira zake, deta yosungidwa pa SSDs imasamutsidwa kupyolera mu mizere yofanana ya 65, yomwe iliyonse imatha kusunga malamulo oposa 536 panthawi imodzi. Yerekezerani: SATA ndi SCSI zitha kugwiritsa ntchito mzere umodzi wokha, kuthandizira mpaka 65 mpaka 536 malamulo, motsatana.
Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe akale amafunikira njira ziwiri za RAM kuti apereke lamulo lililonse, koma NVMe imatha kuchita izi nthawi imodzi.
Ubwino wachitatu ndikugwira ntchito ndi zosokoneza. Protocol ya NVMe idapangidwira nsanja zamakono zogwiritsa ntchito ma processor amitundu yambiri. Chifukwa chake, imaphatikizanso kukonza ulusi wofananira, komanso njira yabwino yogwirira ntchito ndi mizere ndi kusokoneza kosokoneza, komwe kumalola magwiridwe antchito apamwamba. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pamene lamulo lokhala ndi chofunika kwambiri likuwonekera, kuchitidwa kwake kumayamba mofulumira.
Mayesero ambiri ochitidwa ndi mabungwe ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana amatsimikizira kuti kuthamanga kwa ma NVMe SSD kuli pafupifupi nthawi 5 kuposa polumikiza ma SSD kudzera m'malo akale.
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane ngati ma SSD akhazikitsidwa pa PCIe ndi NVMe protocol akupezeka kwa aliyense. Ndipo si za mtengo chabe. Pankhani ya mtengo, malonda otere akadali okwera kwambiri, ngakhale mitengo yamakompyuta, monga imadziwika, imakhala yokwera kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa malonda ndipo imatsika mwachangu.
Tikukamba za zothetsera zolimbikitsa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa m'chinenero cha akatswiri "form factor". Mwa kuyankhula kwina, momwe zigawozi zimapangidwira ndi opanga. Panopa pamsika pali zinthu zitatu mawonekedwe.
Yoyamba Izi ndi zomwe zimatchedwa "NVMe SSD". Ndi khadi yokulitsa ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi mipata yofanana ndi khadi ya kanema. Izi sizoyenera laputopu. Komabe, pamakompyuta ambiri apakompyuta, popeza ochulukirapo amasonkhanitsidwa pamabodi apakompyuta, pomwe nthawi zambiri pamakhala mipata iwiri kapena imodzi ya PCIe (yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi khadi la kanema).
Chinthu chachiwiri -U2. Kunja, amafanana ndi hard drive yanthawi zonse, koma ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kukula kwake. U2 nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa maseva, kotero wogwiritsa ntchito wamba sangagule.
Chachitatu - M2. Ichi ndiye chinthu chomwe chikusintha kwambiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu m'ma laputopu, ndipo posachedwa idakhazikitsidwa kale pamabodi ena apakompyuta apakompyuta. Komabe, pogula M2 muyenera kusamala kwambiri, chifukwa ma SATA SSD amapangidwabe mwanjira iyi.
Komabe, kusamala kumafunikanso pakuwunika kuthekera kodzigulira nokha zinthu zomwe zatchulidwazi. Choyamba, muyenera kuyang'ana ngati laputopu kapena PC yanu ili ndi mipata yoyenera. Ndipo ngakhale atakhala, kodi kompyuta yanu ili ndi purosesa yamphamvu yokwanira, chifukwa purosesa yofooka sikukulolani kuti mumve zabwino za SSD. Ngati muli ndi zonsezi komanso nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito deta yambiri, ndithudi, NVMe SSD ndizomwe mukufunikira.
Pa Ufulu Wotsatsa
- izi ndizofanana ndi ma seva enieni ochokera ku kampani yathu.
Takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito ma seva othamanga kwambiri kuchokera ku Intel kwa nthawi yayitali; sitidumphadumpha pa hardware, zida zodziwika bwino komanso malo ena abwino kwambiri a data ku Russia ndi EU. Fulumira ukaone π
Source: www.habr.com