Ndi nkhani yodziwika bwino. Makompyuta amphamvu kwambiri akangoyamba kuonekera, mphamvu ya purosesa ikangowonjezereka, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akuusa moyo - "Tsopano ndili ndi zonse zomwe ndikufunikira, palibe chifukwa chochepetsera kapena kuchepetsa" -zofuna zatsopano zimatuluka nthawi yomweyo, zomwe zimafuna zowonjezera zowonjezera, pamodzi ndi mapulogalamu atsopano omwe "amadzikana." Vuto lamuyaya. Kuzungulira kosatha. Ndipo kusaka kosatha kwa mayankho atsopano. Kusungirako mitambo, ma neural network, luntha lochita kupanga - ndizovuta ngakhale kulingalira mphamvu zazikulu zomwe matekinolojewa amafunikira. Koma tisataye mtima, chifukwa posapita nthawi, vuto lililonse limapezeka.
Njira imodzi yotereyi inali protocol ya NVM Express, yomwe akatswiri amati yasintha kugwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira kosasunthika kwa boma. Ndiye NVMe ndi chiyani ndipo imabweretsa phindu lotani?
Kuchita kwa kompyuta kumadalira momwe imawerengera mwachangu zomwe zili muzosungirako komanso momwe imayendera mwachangu malamulo. Ziribe kanthu momwe makina ogwiritsira ntchito amagwirira ntchito kwambiri, hard drive wamba imatha kuwononga chilichonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapulogalamu asamayende bwino akamatsegula kapena kutsika pogwira ntchito zazikulu. Osanenanso kuti HDD yatha mphamvu zake pakuwonjezera mphamvu yosungiramo deta ndipo chifukwa chake sikugwiranso ntchito. Ndipo kuyendetsa kwamakina kumakhala kwachikale kwambiri ndipo kwachepetsa kukula kwaukadaulo wamakompyuta.
Ndipo kotero, ma SSD-ma drive olimba, osasunthika, osagwiritsa ntchito makina osungira - adabwera m'malo mwa HDD. Ma SSD oyambirira adawonekera pamsika mu theka lachiwiri la 2000s. Posakhalitsa adayamba kupikisana ndi ma hard drive posungira. Komabe, kwa nthawi yayitali, sanathe kuzindikira mokwanira zomwe angathe komanso ubwino wawo pa liwiro ndi kufanana kwa maselo, chifukwa mawonekedwe omwe alipo ndi ma protocol adamangidwa pamiyezo yakale yomwe idapangidwa kuti izithandizira ma HDD kudzera pa SATA interfaces komanso ngakhale akale a SCSI (SAS).
Gawo lotsatira pakutsegula kuthekera kwa kukumbukira kosasunthika kunali kusintha kwa mabasi a PCI-Express. Komabe, miyezo yatsopano yamakampani inali isanapangidwe kwa iwo panthawiyo. Kenako, mu 2012, makompyuta oyamba kugwiritsa ntchito protocol ya NVM-Express adatulutsidwa.
Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti NVMe si chida kapena mawonekedwe olumikizirana. Ndi ndondomeko, kapena ndendende, ndondomeko yosinthira deta.
Choncho, mawu akuti "NVMe drive" sali olondola kwathunthu, ndipo kufananitsa monga "HDD vs. SSD vs. NVMe" akusocheretsa kwambiri komanso akusocheretsa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano pamutuwu. Kuyerekeza kolondola kuli pakati pa HDD ndi SSD, kumbali imodzi, ndi SSD yolumikizidwa kudzera pa SATA mawonekedwe (pogwiritsa ntchito AHCI protocol) ndi SSD yolumikizidwa kudzera pa basi ya PCI-Express pogwiritsa ntchito protocol ya NVMe, ina. Kuyerekeza ma HDD ndi ma SSD mwina sikungakhalenso kosangalatsa kwa ambiri. Aliyense amamvetsetsa kusiyana kwake, ndipo aliyense amadziwa bwino za ubwino wake. Mwina titchule zabwino zingapo (zochititsa chidwi kwambiri). Poyerekeza ndi ma hard drive, ma drive-state olimba ndi ang'onoang'ono komanso opepuka, amakhala chete, ndipo kusowa kwathunthu kwa ma drive amakina kumawapangitsa kukhala osamva kuwonongeka (mwachitsanzo, kuyambira kugwa) ndikungowonjezera moyo wawo wautumiki.
Kuyerekeza kuthekera kwa SSD ndi basi yakale ndi protocol motsutsana ndi SSD pabasi ya PCIe yokhala ndi protocol ya NVMe ndizosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa aliyense amene amazolowera zomwe zachitika posachedwa, omwe akukonzekera kugula kompyuta yatsopano, komanso omwe, mwachitsanzo, akuyang'ana ochititsa bwino kwambiri.
Mawonekedwe a SATA, monga tafotokozera kale, adapangidwira ma hard drive, omwe mitu yawo imatha kulowa mu cell imodzi yokha panthawi imodzi. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti zida za SATA zili ndi njira imodzi yokha. Izi ndizosakwanira kwa ma SSD, chifukwa chimodzi mwazabwino zake ndikuthandizira mitsinje yofananira. Wolamulira wa SSD amayang'aniranso malo oyamba, omwe ndi mwayi wina wofunikira. Mabasi a PCI-Express amathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri, ndipo protocol ya NVMe imathandizira izi. Zotsatira zake, deta yosungidwa pa SSD imasamutsidwa kudzera pamizere yolamulira ya 65,536, yomwe iliyonse imatha kusunga malamulo oposa 65,536 panthawi imodzi. Yerekezerani izi ndi SATA ndi SCSI, zomwe zingagwiritse ntchito mzere umodzi wokha, kuthandizira mpaka 32 ndi 254 malamulo, motsatira.
Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe akale amafunikira njira ziwiri za RAM kuti achite lamulo lililonse, pomwe NVMe imatha kuchita izi nthawi imodzi.
Ubwino wachitatu waukulu ndikuwongolera mosokoneza. Protocol ya NVMe idapangidwira nsanja zamakono zogwiritsa ntchito ma processor amitundu yambiri. Chifukwa chake, imaphatikizanso makonzedwe ofanana a ulusi, komanso kukhathamiritsa kwa mizere ndi kusokoneza kachitidwe, kuonetsetsa kuti magwiridwe antchito apamwamba. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, pamene lamulo lapamwamba kwambiri liperekedwa, kuphedwa kwake kumayamba mofulumira.
Mayesero ambiri ochitidwa ndi mabungwe ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana amatsimikizira kuti kuthamanga kwa ma NVMe SSD ndi, pafupifupi, kuwirikiza ka 5 kuposa polumikiza ma SSD kudzera m'malo akale.
Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane ngati ma PCIe SSD okhala ndi NVMe protocol ndi okwera mtengo kwa aliyense. Ndipo si nkhani ya ndalama chabe. Zochita izi zikadali zodula kwambiri, ngakhale mitengo yamakompyuta imakhala yokwera kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa malonda awo ndipo imatsika mwachangu.
Tikukamba za zothetsera zolimbikitsa, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa m'chinenero cha akatswiri mawonekedweMwa kuyankhula kwina, ndi mawonekedwe otani omwe zigawozi zimatulutsidwa ndi opanga? Panopa, alipo zinthu zitatu mawonekedwe.
Yoyamba Imatchedwa "NVMe SSD." Ndi khadi yokulitsa yomwe imalumikiza mipata yofanana ndi khadi yazithunzi. Ndizosayenera pa laputopu, monga momwe zilili ndi makompyuta ambiri apakompyuta, popeza ochulukirapo amamangidwa pamabodi apang'ono, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka PCIe kaŵirikaŵiri (kawirikawiri kamakhala ndi khadi lojambula).
Fomu yachiwiri factor -U2. Zikuwoneka ngati hard drive yanthawi zonse, koma ndi yaying'ono kwambiri. U2 nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maseva, kotero sikungakhale koyenera kugulira ogwiritsa ntchito wamba.
Chachitatu - M2Ichi ndiye chinthu chomwe chikukula mwachangu kwambiri. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma laputopu, ndipo posachedwa, imawonetsedwanso pamabodi apakompyuta. Komabe, pogula M2, muyenera kusamala kwambiri, popeza ma SATA SSD akupangidwabe mwanjira iyi.
Komabe, kusamala kumafunikanso pakuwunika kuthekera kogula chilichonse mwazinthu zomwe tazitchulazi. Choyamba, ganizirani ngati laputopu yanu kapena boardboard ya PC ili ndi mipata yofunikira. Ndipo ngakhale atatero, ngakhale purosesa ya kompyuta yanu ndi yamphamvu mokwanira, monga yofooka idzakulepheretsani kuzindikira ubwino wa SSD. Ngati muli ndi zonsezi ndipo nthawi zambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito deta yambiri, NVMe SSD ndiyo njira yopitira.
Pa Ufulu Wotsatsa
- Izi ndizokhudza ma seva enieni ochokera ku kampani yathu.
Takhala tikugwiritsa ntchito ma seva othamanga a Intel kwa nthawi yayitali. Sitingodumphadumpha pa hardware, kudalira zida zodziwika bwino komanso malo ena abwino kwambiri a data ku Russia ndi EU. Bwerani mudzawone 😉
Source: www.habr.com
