Momwe mungasinthire zida zama network mubizinesi yayikulu popanda kuyimitsa kupanga? Amalankhula za ntchito yaikulu mu "opaleshoni yotseguka ya mtima". Woyang'anira ntchito wa Linxdatacenter Oleg Fedorov.
Pazaka zingapo zapitazi, tawona kuchuluka kwamakasitomala ofunikira pazantchito zokhudzana ndi gawo la netiweki la zomangamanga za IT. Kufunika kolumikizana ndi machitidwe a IT, ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito, kuyang'anira ndi ntchito zoyang'anira bizinesi pafupifupi dera lililonse zikukakamiza makampani masiku ano kuti azisamalira kwambiri maukonde.
Zopempha zambiri zimayambira pakuwonetsetsa kulekerera zolakwika zapaintaneti mpaka kupanga ndi kuyang'anira makina odziyimira pawokha a kasitomala pogula chipika cha ma adilesi a IP, kukhazikitsa ma protocol ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto motsatira mfundo za bungwe.
Pakuchulukirachulukira kwa mayankho athunthu omangira ndi kukonza ma network, makamaka kuchokera kwa makasitomala omwe ma network awo akupangidwa kuchokera zikayamba kapena kutha, zomwe zimafunikira kusinthidwa kwakukulu.
Izi zimagwirizana ndi nthawi yachitukuko komanso zovuta zachitetezo chapaintaneti cha Linxdatacenter. Tinakulitsa chikhalidwe cha kupezeka kwathu ku Europe polumikizana ndi malo akutali, zomwe zinafunikanso kukonza ma network.
Kampaniyo yakhazikitsa ntchito yatsopano kwa makasitomala, Network-as-a-Service: timasamalira mavuto a makasitomala onse, kuwalola kuyang'ana pa bizinesi yawo yaikulu.
M'chilimwe cha 2020, ntchito yayikulu yoyamba mbali iyi idamalizidwa, yomwe ndikufuna kuyikamba.
Kumayambiriro
A lalikulu mafakitale zovuta anatembenukira kwa ife kuti amakono gawo maukonde za zomangamanga pa imodzi mwa mabizinesi ake. Zinali zofunikira kusintha zipangizo zakale ndi zipangizo zatsopano, kuphatikizapo pakati pa intaneti.
The otsiriza zipangizo zamakono pa ogwira ntchito kunachitika pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo. Oyang'anira atsopano abizinesiyo adaganiza zopititsa patsogolo kulumikizana, kuyambira ndikukonzanso zomangamanga pamlingo woyambira, wakuthupi.
Ntchitoyi idagawidwa m'magawo awiri: kukweza kwa seva paki ndi zida zamagetsi. Ife tinali ndi udindo pa gawo lachiwiri.
Zofunikira zoyambira pantchitoyo zidaphatikizapo kuchepetsa nthawi yocheperako pamabizinesi pogwira ntchito (ndipo m'malo ena, kuchotseratu nthawi yopumira). Kuyimitsa kulikonse kumatanthauza kutayika kwachuma mwachindunji kwa kasitomala, zomwe siziyenera kuchitika mwanjira iliyonse. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a malowa 24x7x365, komanso poganizira kusakhalapo kwa nthawi yopumira yomwe idakonzedweratu pantchitoyo, tinapatsidwa ntchito yochita opaleshoni yamtima. Ichi chinakhala mbali yaikulu yosiyanitsa polojekitiyi.
Tiyeni tizipita
Ntchitoyi inakonzedwa molingana ndi mfundo ya kayendetsedwe ka maukonde akutali kuchokera pachimake kupita ku oyandikana nawo, komanso kuchokera kwa omwe sangakhudzire ntchito yopangira mizere kupita kwa omwe akukhudza mwachindunji ntchitoyi.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati titenga node ya maukonde mu dipatimenti yogulitsa malonda, ndiye kuti kusokoneza kulumikizana chifukwa cha ntchito mu dipatimenti iyi sikungakhudze kupanga mwanjira iliyonse. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chochitika choterocho chidzatithandiza ife, monga makontrakitala, kuti tiwone kulondola kwa njira yosankhidwa kuti tigwire ntchito pamagulu oterowo ndipo, mutatha kusintha zochitazo, gwiritsani ntchito magawo otsatirawa a polojekitiyi.
Sikoyenera kungosintha ma node ndi mawaya pamaneti, komanso kukonza bwino magawo onse kuti agwire bwino ntchito yankho lonse. Zinali masinthidwe omwe adayesedwa motere: kuyamba ntchito kutali ndi pachimake, tinkawoneka kuti tikudzipatsa "ufulu wolakwitsa" popanda kuika malo omwe ali pachiopsezo chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito ya bizinesi.
Tidazindikira madera omwe samakhudza ntchito yopanga, komanso madera ovuta - zokambirana, kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa unit, malo osungiramo zinthu, ndi zina. M'madera ofunikira, nthawi yovomerezeka yovomerezeka ya node iliyonse payokha inagwirizana ndi kasitomala: kuchokera ku 1 mpaka Mphindi 15 . Zinali zosatheka kupeweratu kulumikiza node zapaintaneti, chifukwa chingwecho chiyenera kusinthidwa kuchokera ku zida zakale kupita ku zatsopano, ndipo panthawi yosinthira ndikofunikiranso kumasula "ndevu" za mawaya omwe adapangidwa zaka zingapo akugwira ntchito popanda zoyenera. chisamaliro (chimodzi mwazotsatira za outsourcing ntchito kukhazikitsa chingwe mizere).
Ntchitoyi inagawidwa mβmagawo angapo.
Gawo 1 - Audit. Kukonzekera ndi kugwirizanitsa njira yokonzekera ntchito ndikuwunika kukonzekera kwa magulu: kasitomala, kontrakitala woyika, ndi gulu lathu.
Gawo 2 - Kupanga njira yogwirira ntchito, ndikusanthula mwatsatanetsatane ndikukonzekera. Tinasankha mtundu wa cheke wokhala ndi chisonyezero cholondola cha dongosolo ndi kachitidwe kachitidwe, mpaka kutsatizana kwa kusintha zingwe pa doko.
Gawo 3 - Kugwira ntchito m'makabati zomwe sizimakhudza kupanga. Kuyerekezera ndi kusintha kwa nthawi yopuma kwa magawo otsatirawa a ntchito.
Gawo 4 - Kugwira ntchito m'makabati omwe amakhudza mwachindunji kupanga. Kuyerekezera ndi kusintha kwa nthawi yopuma pa gawo lomaliza la ntchito.
Gawo 5 - Kugwira ntchito mu chipinda cha seva kuti musinthe zida zotsalira. Yambitsani panjira pa kernel yatsopano.
Gawo 6 - Kusintha kotsatizana kwa dongosololi kuchokera kumakonzedwe akale a netiweki kupita ku atsopano kuti pakhale kusintha kosavuta kwa dongosolo lonse (VLAN, routing, etc.). Pakadali pano, tidalumikiza ogwiritsa ntchito onse ndikusamutsa mautumiki onse ku hardware yatsopano, kutsimikizira kuti kulumikizana kunali kolondola, kuonetsetsa kuti palibe ntchito zamabizinesi zomwe zidayimitsidwa, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ngati pachitika zovuta zilizonse, alumikizidwa mwachindunji ku kernel, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zingatheke ndikukhazikitsa komaliza.
Tsitsi la ndevu la waya
Ntchitoyi idakhalanso yovuta chifukwa cha zovuta zoyambirira.
Choyamba, pali ma node ambiri ndi magawo a netiweki, okhala ndi ma topology ovuta komanso magulu a mawaya malinga ndi cholinga chawo. "Ndevu" zotere zinkayenera kuchotsedwa m'makabati ndi "kusesedwa" movutikira, podziwa kuti ndi waya wotani womwe unachokera kumene ndi kumene unatsogolera.
Zinkawoneka ngati izi:
kotero:
kapena monga izi:
Kachiwiri, pa ntchito iliyonse yotereyi kunali koyenera kukonzekera fayilo yofotokoza ndondomekoyi. "Timatenga waya X kuchokera ku doko 1 la zida zakale, ndikuzilumikiza ku doko 18 la zida zatsopano." Zikumveka zophweka, koma mukakhala ndi madoko 48 otsekedwa kwathunthu mu data yanu, ndipo palibe njira yochepetsera (tikukumbukira za 24x7x365), njira yokhayo yotulukira ndiyo kugwira midadada. Mawaya ochulukirapo omwe mungakoke pazida zakale nthawi imodzi, mumatha kupesa mwachangu ndikuyika mu zida zatsopano zamaukonde, kupewa kulephera komanso kutsika kwapaintaneti.
Choncho, pa siteji yokonzekera tinagawa maukonde mu midadada - aliyense wa iwo anali VLAN yeniyeni. Doko lililonse (kapena kagawo kakang'ono) pazida zakale ndi imodzi mwa ma VLAN mu topology yatsopano. Tidawagawa motere: madoko oyamba osinthira amakhala ndi maukonde ogwiritsa ntchito, apakati - ma network opanga, ndipo omaliza - malo ofikira ndi ma uplinks.
Njirayi idapangitsa kuti zitheke kutulutsa ndi kupesa kuchokera ku zida zakale osati waya umodzi, koma 1-10, munthawi imodzi. Izi zinafulumizitsa ntchitoyo kangapo.
Mwa njira, izi ndi zomwe mawaya a makabati amawoneka ngati akupesa:
kapena, mwachitsanzo, monga chonchi:
Titamaliza gawo lachiwiri, tinapumula kuti tifufuze zolakwika ndi zochitika za polojekiti. Mwachitsanzo, zolakwika zazing'ono nthawi yomweyo zidatulukira chifukwa cha zolakwika pazithunzi zapaintaneti zomwe tapatsidwa (cholumikizira cholakwika pa chithunzicho chimatanthawuza chingwe chogulidwa molakwika komanso kufunika kosintha).
Kupumirako kunali kofunikira, chifukwa pogwira ntchito kuchokera kumbali ya seva, ngakhale pang'ono pang'ono pakuchitapo kanthu sikunali kovomerezeka. Ngati cholinga chake chinali kuonetsetsa kuti nthawi yocheperapo pagawo lamaneti osapitilira mphindi 5, ndiye kuti sizingadutse. Kupatuka kulikonse komwe kungatheke pandandandayo kumayenera kuvomerezedwa ndi kasitomala.
Komabe, kukonzekera ndi kugawa pulojekitiyi kukhala mipiringidzo kunapangitsa kuti zitheke kukwaniritsa nthawi yopuma yomwe inakonzedweratu m'madera onse, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kupewa zonsezi.
Vuto la nthawi - projekiti pansi pa COVID
Komabe, sizinali zopanda mavuto ena. Zachidziwikire, coronavirus inali imodzi mwazopinga.
Ntchitoyi idasokonekera chifukwa mliriwu udayamba, ndipo sikunali kotheka kuti akatswiri onse omwe adagwira nawo ntchitoyi akhalepo panthawi yogwira ntchito pamalo a kasitomala. Ogwira ntchito okhawo a bungwe loyikirapo adaloledwa kulowa pamalowo, ndipo kuwongolera kunkachitika kudzera mchipinda cha Zoom - momwemo munali injiniya wapaintaneti wochokera ku Linxdatacenter, ineyo monga woyang'anira polojekiti, mainjiniya amtundu wa kasitomala yemwe amagwira ntchitoyo, ndi gulu lomwe likugwira ntchito yoyika.
Mavuto osadziwika bwino adabuka mkati mwa ntchitoyo, ndipo masinthidwe adayenera kupangidwa mwachangu. Mwanjira imeneyi, zinali zotheka kupewa msanga kukopa kwa chinthu chaumunthu (zolakwika pagawo, zolakwika pakuzindikira mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe, etc.).
Ngakhale kuti mawonekedwe a ntchito yakutali ankawoneka ngati achilendo kumayambiriro kwa ntchitoyi, tinasintha mwamsanga kuti tigwirizane ndi mikhalidwe yatsopano ndipo tinafika kumapeto kwa ntchito.
Takhazikitsa kasinthidwe kwakanthawi kosintha maukonde kuti tilole ma cores awiri a netiweki - akale ndi atsopano - kuti aziyendera limodzi kuti akwaniritse kusintha kosalala. Komabe, zinapezeka kuti mzere umodzi wowonjezera sunachotsedwe pa fayilo yokonzekera ya kernel yatsopano, ndipo kusintha sikunachitike. Izi zinatikakamiza kuti tipeze nthawi yofufuza vutoli.
Zinapezeka kuti magalimoto akuluakulu amafalitsidwa molondola, ndipo magalimoto oyendetsa sanafike pamfundoyi kudzera pachimake chatsopano. Chifukwa cha kugawikana momveka bwino kwa polojekitiyi mu magawo, zinali zotheka kuzindikira mwamsanga gawo la maukonde kumene vuto linayambika, kuzindikira vuto ndi kulithetsa.
Ndipo zotsatira zake
Zotsatira zaukadaulo za polojekitiyi
Choyamba, maziko atsopano a mabizinesi atsopano adapangidwa, omwe tidapanga mphete zakuthupi / zomveka. Izi zimachitika m'njira yoti kusintha kulikonse mu netiweki kumakhala ndi "mkono wachiwiri". Mu netiweki yakale, masiwichi ambiri adalumikizidwa pachimake panjira imodzi, mkono umodzi (uplink). Ngati idasweka, chosinthiracho chinakhala chosatheka. Ndipo ngati masiwichi angapo alumikizidwa kudzera pa uplink imodzi, ndiye kuti ngoziyo ingalepheretse dipatimenti yonse kapena mzere wopanga pakampaniyo.
Mu netiweki yatsopano, ngakhale vuto lalikulu lapaintaneti silingathe, mwanjira iliyonse, kutsitsa maukonde onse kapena gawo lalikulu.
90% ya zida zonse za netiweki zasinthidwa, zosinthira ma media (signal propagation media converters) zathetsedwa, ndipo kufunikira kwa zingwe zamagetsi zodzipatulira za zida zamagetsi zathetsedwa polumikizana ndi ma switch a PoE, pomwe mphamvu imaperekedwa kudzera pa mawaya a Ethernet.
Komanso, maulumikizidwe onse owoneka m'chipinda cha seva ndi makabati akumunda amalembedwa - m'malo onse olumikizirana. Izi zidapangitsa kuti zitheke kukonza chithunzi cha topological cha zida ndi zolumikizira mu netiweki, kuwonetsa momwe zilili masiku ano.
Chithunzi cha netiweki
Chotsatira chofunikira kwambiri pamawu aumisiri: ntchito yayikulu yayikulu idachitika mwachangu, popanda kusokoneza ntchito yabizinesiyo komanso osazindikirika ndi antchito ake.
Zotsatira zamabizinesi a polojekiti
Malingaliro anga, ntchitoyi ndi yosangalatsa makamaka osati kuchokera ku luso, koma kuchokera kumbali ya bungwe. Chovuta chinali pakukonzekera ndi kulingalira njira zoyendetsera ntchito.
Kupambana kwa pulojekitiyi kumatilola kunena kuti ntchito yathu yopangira malo ochezera a pa Intaneti mkati mwa Linxdatacenter service portfolio ndiyo yabwino kwa vector chitukuko cha kampani. Njira yodalirika yoyendetsera polojekiti, njira yoyenerera, ndi kukonzekera bwino kunatilola kuti timalize ntchitoyi pamlingo woyenera.
Kutsimikizika kwa ntchito yabwino ndi pempho lochokera kwa kasitomala kuti apitilize kupereka chithandizo chamakono pamasamba ake otsala ku Russia.
Source: www.habr.com