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Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet

Koma chomwe chiri chodabwitsa, chomwe chiri chosamvetsetseka, ndi momwe olemba angatengere zoterezi
ziwembu, ndikuvomereza, ndizosamvetsetseka, ndizowona ...
ayi, ayi, sindikumvetsa konse.
N. V. Gogol

Mwa chifuniro cha tsoka, ndinakhala nawo mbali mu ntchito yaikulu LANIT - kusinthika kwa ma network a meteorological a Roshydromet. Pafupifupi kulikonse padziko lapansi otukuka kumene owonera amathamangira kuzungulira malowa kuti awerenge zida zowerengera - chilichonse chomwe chingatheke ndi chongochitika zokha. Ku Russia, izi zidachedwa pang'ono, koma chifukwa cha ntchito yamakono ya Roshydromet, maukonde anyengo adakonzedwanso. Kukula koteroko sikunawoneke kwina kulikonse, koma tinayambitsa ntchitoyi m'zaka ziwiri zokha (2008-2009). Ndipo izi, kwa mphindi imodzi, ndikupereka kwa malo opangira nyengo 1842 kuphatikiza zida zina zolumikizirana ndi mphamvu. Zinalinso zofunikira kusonkhanitsa masiteshoni, kuwamaliza ndi kuwayika, kuwapereka kumalo aliwonse a madera 85, ndikuchokera kumeneko kuwanyamula kupita nawo kumasiteshoni, kuwayika ndi kuwakonza.

Gawo lachiwiri la kusinthika kwamakono likuyenda bwino. Kufukula m'malo osungiramo zolemba zakale kunandipatsa lingaliro lachidziwitso choterocho.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometTsoka pa sikelo ya 1: 4 000 0000. Geography of Roshydromet weather station

Kawirikawiri, polojekiti yonse yopititsa patsogolo mabungwe ndi mabungwe a Roshydromet inali ndi mapangano angapo: mu meteorology, hydrology, aerology, oceanology, etc. Kenako ndikuwonetsa zithunzi zomwe zikugwirizana ndi zodabwitsa kwambiri za iwo.

Gawo la projekiti yomwe tidaphunzira idaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa zida zopitilira 2000 pamaneti owonera ndikuyika pamasamba opitilira 500.

1. Maukonde anyengo

Zida

Kuti akwaniritse ntchitoyi, LANIT idakhala yopanga malo opangira nyengo. Tidaganiza zopanga izi tokha ku chomera cha Luch ku Novosibirsk. Zigawo zinabweretsedwa padziko lonse lapansi, tinalandiranso zigawo za Chirasha (mwachizoloŵezi, tinali ndi mavuto ambiri nawo).

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Novosibirsk, Luch chomera. Kupanga zida zathu

Chomeracho chinapanga mzere wonse wa msonkhano, womwe unalemba anthu 10-15. Pachifukwa ichi, kangapo tidabweretsa akatswiri amakampani opanga zinthu kuchokera ku Vaisala, omwe adagawana zomwe akudziwa popanda mantha kapena chitonzo.

Masiteshoniwo adadutsa mnyumba yonyamula katundu. Luch adapanganso zinthu zachitsulo - masts, mabokosi, zoyikapo, zodutsa, ndi zina zambiri. Adasonkhanitsanso masiteshoni, kuwayesa ndikuyika.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKuyika zigawo pa siteshoni kukwera chimango

Chomeracho chinatichotsera nkhawa yaikulu. Tikadachita zonse tokha, tikadakhala tikukwaniritsa ntchitoyi. Tiyeneranso kuthokoza anthu odabwitsawa chifukwa chochotsa mavuto ndi kasinthidwe ndi kulongedza kwa zida. Panalibe zolakwa kwenikweni. Koma tidasangalala kwambiri ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zina m'mapulojekiti otsatirawa, mwachitsanzo, ntchito yotumiza zida kwa wolandila wina ndi manambala opatsidwa zidakhala zosatheka kuthetsa.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Kuchokera
Makhalidwe abwino a ogwira ntchito m'malo osungiramo zinthu

Kuti mukhale mkati mwa bajeti, kuyang'anira kukhazikitsa kunaphatikizidwa mu ntchitoyo. Tinayendera madipatimenti a 23 (UGMS) a Roshydromet. Anasonkhanitsa akatswiri a m’madipatimenti a m’derali, kuphunzitsa amisiri mmene angakhazikitsire masiteshoni ndi kukonza masiteshoni, ndiponso anauza akatswiri a zamakina mmene angagwiritsire ntchito zipangizo ndi mapulogalamu atsopano. Mchitidwewu unalimbikitsidwa ndi kuyang'anira makhazikitsidwe. Kenako mainjiniya ophunzitsidwawa a m’madipatimenti ophunzitsidwawa anaika pawokha malowo ndi kuphunzitsa anthu oonera pa malo ochitira nyengo.  

Tinali ndi magulu okwana 12 omwe anali kuyang'anira kukhazikitsa, aliyense ali ndi anthu awiri.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Kursk, maphunziro. Payenera kukhala nthabwala yokhudzana ndi kutentha, koma sindinathe kubwera nayo.

Iwalani njira za agogo

M'mbuyomu, wowonera yemwe (ndipo nthawi zambiri yemwe) amalandila ma ruble masauzande angapo pamwezi amayenera kupita ku malo 8 pa tsiku munyengo iliyonse, kukwera makwerero, kupeza ma thermometers, kuwerenga zolemba, ndi zina zambiri. Tsopano, m'malo ambiri a Roshydromet, malo opangira makina amakono alowa m'malo mwa mercury barometers, hygrographs ndi zida zina zakale zanyengo.

Pamapeto pake, zowonera pamanja sizinazimiririke (chitsanzo chodziwika bwino ndikuzindikira mawonekedwe a mitambo), koma pazigawo zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi netiweki yayikulu yowonera, masiteshoni amasinthidwa kukhala otomatiki.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Ndipo izi ndizongopanga - malo ochezera a pakompyuta (owonongeka).

Pali nkhani yomwe timakonda kwambiri nthawi za Soviet yomwe tidauzidwa ku Hydromet. Zimawonetsa kufunikira kwa polojekiti yathu.

Ophunzirawo anaphunzira pa yunivesite ina ya zanyengo ndipo anaganiza zopita kummwera. M'mbuyomu, chilichonse chinali chosavuta - tidatcha imodzi mwamalo akumwera kwanyengo:

- Ndife ophunzira, tifika posachedwa. Tikhala nanu pano.
- Inde, chonde bwerani.
Amafika - palibe, kamnyamata kamodzi kakang'ono, pafupifupi zaka 10-11, akuyenda.
Ophunzira amafunsa kuti:
- Mnyamata, aliyense ali kuti?
— Ndipo iwo anapita kumudzi woyandikana nawo ku ukwati.
Patapita masiku angapo, palibe makolo. Iwo anapita kwa mwanayo:
- Boy, makolo anu ali kuti?
- Kotero iwo anachoka kwa milungu iwiri.
- Chabwino, koma awa ndi malo okwerera nyengo, muyenera kukhala pa ntchito pano tsiku lililonse, kujambula ndi kufalitsa chirichonse pa nthawi yake.
- O, palibe. Analemba zonse kudakali milungu iwiri.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Ndi uyu ngwazi yathu. Logger

Chosiyana kwambiri ndi siteshoni yathu yanyengo ndi pulogalamu yake. Ndikulankhula za zolemba, kapena kasinthidwe. Logger ya QML201 ndiyotsogola kwambiri. Chifukwa chake tidachita mitundu yonse ya zinthu zosayerekezeka zomwe palibe amene adazibwereza kuyambira pamenepo. Chitsanzo: Pali chinsinsi chotumizira uthenga wa zanyengo. Ndi pafupi KN-01, yomwe idapangidwa m'zaka zachibwibwi ndipo idapangidwira ma telegraph okha. Kukonzekera kwakukulu kwa deta kunapumula ndi wowonera, ndipo kwa ife kunali koyenera kukweza logger pang'ono, m'malo motumiza deta yoyamba pakati ndikuyikonza kumeneko.  

Ngakhale tidachita zionetsero zowopsa, tidachita chozizwitsachi podula mitengo. Ndipo ngakhale kutumiza deta kuchokera kwa wowonera. Pasanathe zaka 8 kuchokera pamene tinakwanitsa kusintha chinachake.

Kuphatikiza pa malo opangira nyengo, ntchitoyi idapitilira ndi masiteshoni 18 a actinometric omwe amayesa mitundu yonse ya ma radiation adzuwa.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometActinometric station ku Khabarovsk

Ndipo masiteshoni pamwamba pa nyanja:

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Sochi. Bokosi la m'nyanja limayesa toni yanyengo ndi magawo apansi pamadzi.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometMnyamata yemweyo, koma popanda zowonjezera

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometID tag

Chizindikiro ichi, mwa njira, chinatipulumutsa ife tonse ndalama zambiri. Patangopita miyezi ingapo atakhazikitsa, boyalo linang'ambika pa nangula chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho. Anapita, mwina, ku Istanbul, koma adalandidwa ndi alonda amphamvu amalire ndikuperekedwa kwa eni ake.

Ndipo pansi pa madzi:

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet St. Petersburg, kukhazikitsidwa kwa mbiri yapansi

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKu Tolbukhin lighthouse

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometUmboni

M'malo otseguka kwambiri

Karachay-Cherkessia

Zachidziwikire, woyang'anira polojekiti sangathe kufika pamasiteshoni onse - palibe nthawi ya izi. Koma tsiku lina ndinasiya zonse ndikupita ku Karachay-Cherkessia, ku Klukhor Pass. Ili pafupi ndi Dombay. Dera limeneli ndi lovuta kufikako. Mwa kutanthauzira, pafupifupi, "malo ovuta kufikako" ndi pomwe simungathe kufikako ndi galimoto kapena kumene simungathe kukwera pamahatchi. Ndipo mutha kufika mosavuta ku Klukhor Pass ndikukhala moyo wa anthu am'deralo. Chinthu chokha chomwe chikusoweka ndi kulankhulana.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKuchokera

Mudzi wa Klukhor

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKuchokera

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet
Klukhor Pass ndiye phiri lalitali kwambiri la Military-Sukhumi Road (kutalika kwa 2781 m), lochokera kumapiri akulu a Caucasus kupita kugombe la Black Sea. Malire a Russia ndi Abkhazia akuyenda pano. Zinali pamalo awa pamene nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse inachitika nkhondo yoopsa ndi olanda German pa Klukhor Pass.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Klukhorsky pass ndi wind sensor. Anapangidwira wina ndi mzake

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometTinagwira ntchito pa Klukhor Pass mu August, nyengo inali yabwino. Kunena zowona, apa mutha kuwona omwe adagwira ntchito komanso omwe sanagwire

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometZida zoyezera zomwe zalembedwa pamanja (zosunga nthawi).

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKukhazikitsa wailesi ya HF

Pambuyo pa Klukhor, ndinaganiza zokhala kuti ndikhazikitse siteshoni yodzichitira yokha pa Zelenchuk Observatory.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet
Kapena m'malo mwake, mu malo apadera owonera zakuthambo a Institute of Researching of the Russian Academy of Sciences ku North Caucasus.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet
Pakadali pano, ndiye likulu lalikulu kwambiri la zakuthambo ku Russia lowonera zakuthambo zakuthambo zaku Russia. Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa BTA Optical reflector ndi ine. Yesetsani kusasakaniza.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometZelenchuk Observatory. Malo okwerera nyengo adayikidwa pafupi ndi hoteloyo. Bwanji kupita kutali?

Ndiyeno, monga nthabwala za Pinocchio ndi mwendo wothyoka, timapita ...

2. Kusintha kwamakono kwa maukonde aerological

Mgwirizanowu unaphatikizapo kupereka ndi kukhazikitsa ma radar 60 apamwamba m'dziko lonselo. Pansipa pali za malo amodzi.

Yakutia, Kotelny Island

Ntchito yathu inakhudza malo omwe simungathe kufika ku china chilichonse kupatula helikopita.
Choncho, gulu la LANIT linapita ku Kotelny Island ku Yakutia. Ili pakati pa Nyanja ya East Siberia ndi Nyanja ya Laptev ndipo ndi yaikulu kwambiri kuzilumba za New Siberian Islands.   

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKuchokera

Kuchokera ku Moscow kupita ku Kotelny ndikosavuta kwambiri. Zimatenga pafupifupi maola 7 kuwuluka kupita ku Yakutsk pa ndege wamba. Ndiye muyenera kuwuluka ku Tiksi - awa ndi maola ena atatu, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko kupita ku Kotelny ndi kungotaya mwala - maola ena atatu ndi helikopita panyanja ndi refueling pa Stolbovoy Island kapena tsiku limodzi kapena awiri pa sitima.

Kangapo pachaka, ulendowu umatsitsa chakudya cham'chitini ndi mafuta pasiteshoni. Wopeza malo okhala ndi zida adaponyedwanso pamlanduwu.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet
Zida zitha kuperekedwa ndi sitima panthawi yochepa yoyenda panyanja.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometNdi ngalawa, nyanja ndi dzuwa

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometAmuna apadera amatsitsa pobisalira pawayilesi

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometAmatsitsanso magawo otsala a locator

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet
Nyengo pachilumbachi ndi yotentha komanso yoyipa. Pali chipale chofewa kwa miyezi 9-10 pachaka. Kutentha kwapakati pa July ndi +2,9 C. Kutentha kwapansi pa -30 madigiri C kungawonedwe kuyambira October mpaka April.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKuyika nsanja yoyika malo atsopano aerological

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometZimbalangondo za polar nthawi zambiri zimayendera

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometKomiti ya ogwira nawo ntchito

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometMoni

Anthu ambiri amafunsa ngati zinali zovuta kuyendetsa ntchito yotereyi. Yankho ndi lakuti inde. Ngati mapangano angapo oterowo akanandigwera nthawi imodzi, mwina ndikanachita mantha ndipo ndikadakhala ndikuthamanga ndi chisoti ndikumwetulira.

Koma kawirikawiri, ndinadziloŵetsa bwino m’nkhaniyi ndipo, mofananiza ndi nkhani za ana, ndinamiza gulu langa mmenemo. Ndipo zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri kwa ine kuchita izi: Ndikhoza kuuza ana anga ndi adzukulu za ntchito yoteroyo. Izi nthawi zambiri zinali zofunda, makamaka.

3. Meteo-2

Monga ndalembera kale, pafupifupi zaka 10 pambuyo pa chiyambi cha polojekiti yoyamba, ntchito yachiwiri yamakono ya Roshydromet inakhazikitsidwa. Kumene, mwa zina, tinalandira pangano kuti tipitirize kukonzanso maukonde anyengo. Pansipa pali chithunzi chaposachedwa kwambiri sabata yapitayo - kukhazikitsidwa kwa siteshoni ya m'badwo watsopano.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet Malo okwerera nyengo yatsopano ku Central UGMS. Ndege sizilinso zowopsa.

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha RoshydrometLabu yoyezetsa yozungulira mu vacuum

Ndipo potsiriza, mu nthawi yanga yogwira ntchito ndi Roshydromet, ine, willy-nilly, ndinakhala mmodzi wawo kumeneko. Mukayamika anthu patchuthi chawo cha akatswiri, nthawi zambiri mumatha kumva akuyankha kuti: "Mutually, inunso." Izi ndizabwino kwambiri =)

Palibe mpumulo kwa oipa. Lipoti la zithunzi kuchokera kumadera akutali a Russia, komwe tinadzipeza tokha chifukwa cha Roshydromet

Source: www.habr.com