Tikulankhula za ma CPU amitundu yambiri ochokera kwa opanga padziko lonse lapansi.
/ chithunzi PD
48 kozo
Kumapeto kwa 2018, Intel Zomangamanga za Cascade-AP. Mapurosesa awa azithandizira mpaka ma cores 48, kukhala ndi mawonekedwe amitundu yambiri ndi ma tchanelo 12 a DDR4 DRAM. Njirayi idzapereka kufanana kwakukulu, komwe kumakhala kothandiza pokonza deta yaikulu mumtambo. Kutulutsidwa kwazinthu zochokera ku Cascade-AP kukukonzekera 2019.
pa 48-core processors ndi mu IBM ndi Samsung. Amapanga tchipisi potengera kamangidwe . Zida zatsopanozi zithandizira protocol ya OpenCAPI 4.0 ndi basi ya NVLink 3.0. Yoyamba idzapereka kuyanjana kwambuyo ndi POWER9, ndipo yachiwiri idzafulumizitsa kusamutsa deta pakati pa zigawo za makompyuta mpaka 20 Gbit / s. Zimadziwikanso kuti POWER10 ili ndi matekinoloje atsopano a I/O komanso owongolera kukumbukira bwino.
Poyamba, tchipisi timayenera kupangidwa ku GlobalFoundries pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa 10nm, koma chisankhocho chidapangidwa mokomera ukadaulo wa TSMC ndi 7nm. Chitukuko chikuyembekezeka kumalizidwa pakati pa 2020 ndi 2022. Pofika chaka cha 2023, bungweli litulutsanso tchipisi ta POWER11, opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa 7nm wokhala ndi mphamvu ya transistor yokwana 20 biliyoni.
Ndi , 48-core Intel mayankho amagwira ntchito mwachangu katatu kuposa anzawo a AMD (okhala ndi ma cores 32). Ponena za POWER10, palibe chomwe chimadziwika pakuchita kwake. Koma kuti mbadwo watsopano wa mapurosesa udzapeza ntchito m'munda wa analytics ndi kusanthula kwakukulu kwa deta.
56 kozo
Tchipisi zofananira zidalengezedwa posachedwa ndi Intel - zidzapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa 14-nm. Amathandizira ma module a kukumbukira a Optane DC kutengera 3D Xpoint ndipo ali ndi zigamba zachitetezo cha Specter ndi Foreshadow. Zida zatsopanozi zimabwera ndi njira zokumbukira 12 ndi ma accelerator angapo omwe amamangidwa kuti athetse mavuto pamtambo, komanso kugwira ntchito ndi machitidwe a AI ndi ML ndi maukonde a 5G.
Mtundu wamtundu wokhala ndi ma cores a 56 udzatchedwa Platinum 9282. Mafupipafupi a wotchi adzakhala 2,6 GHz, ndi kuthekera kwa overclock ku 3,8 GHz. Chip ili ndi 77MB ya L3 cache, mayendedwe makumi anayi a PCIe 3.0, ndi 400W yamphamvu pa socket. Mtengo wa mapurosesa umayamba kuchokera ku madola zikwi khumi.
Madivelopa kuti Optane DC idzachepetsa nthawi yoyambitsanso makompyuta kuchokera maminiti angapo mpaka masekondi angapo. Komanso, chip chatsopanocho chimakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito makina ambiri owoneka bwino mumtambo. Purosesa ya 56-core ikuyembekezeka kuchepetsa mtengo wosunga VM imodzi ndi 30%. Komabe, akatswiri kuti mapurosesa atsopanowo ndi mtundu wosinthidwa wa Xeon Scalable. The microarchitecture ndi liwiro la wotchi ya chip amakhalabe chimodzimodzi.
/ chithunzi CC BY-SA
64 kozo
Purosesa yotere kumapeto kwa chaka chatha ku AMD. Tikukamba za tchipisi tatsopano ta 64-core Epyc totengera ukadaulo wa 7nm. Ziyenera kuperekedwa chaka chino. Chiwerengero cha mayendedwe a DDR4 chidzakhala eyiti pafupipafupi 2,2 GHz, ndipo 256 MB ya L3 cache idzawonjezedwa. Padzakhala tchipisi 128 PCI Express 4.0 misewu m'malo mwa mtundu 3.0, womwe ukhoza kuwirikiza kawiri.
Koma angapo a Hacker News okhalamo kuti kukula kwa zokolola sikumakhala kopindulitsa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe angakhale nawo. Kutsatira kufulumira kwa mphamvu, mtengo wa mapurosesa ukuwonjezeka, zomwe zingachepetse kufunikira kwa ogula.
Purosesa ya 64-core idapangidwanso ndi Huawei. Tchipisi zawo za Kunpeng 920 ndi ma processor a ARM. Kupanga kumachitika ndi TSMC pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa 7nm. Ma seva a TaiShan ali kale ndi zida zatsopano zokhala ndi mawotchi pafupipafupi a 2,6 GHz, chithandizo cha PCIe 4.0 ndi CCIX. Zotsirizirazi zidapangidwa kuti zizigwira ntchito ndi data yayikulu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito pamtambo.
Ma processor a Huawei awonetsa kale kuwonjezeka kwa 20% pamayesero ndi ma seva a TaiShan. Kuphatikiza apo, bandwidth yokumbukira yakwera ndi 46% poyerekeza ndi zomwe kampani idapanga kale.
Chiwerengero
Nthawi zambiri, titha kunena kuti mpikisano pamsika wa seva chip mu 2019 udzakhala wapamwamba. Opanga akuwonjezera ma cores ochulukirachulukira, kukonzekeretsa mapurosesa ndi chithandizo cha ma protocol atsopano osamutsa deta, ndikuyesera kupanga zinthu zambirimbiri. Chifukwa cha izi, eni eni a data ali ndi mwayi wosankha njira zoyenera kunyamula katundu ndi ntchito zinazake.
Zida zowonjezera kuchokera ku njira yathu ya Telegraph:
Source: www.habr.com