Pantchito yokwanira ndi dongosololi, kudziwa zamagwiritsidwe amzere ndikofunikira: pankhani ya Kubernetes, uku ndi kubectl. Kumbali ina, mawonekedwe opangidwa bwino, oganiza bwino amatha kuchitaΠΎntchito zambiri zachizolowezi ndikutsegula mwayi wowonjezera wogwiritsa ntchito machitidwe.
Chaka chatha tinasindikiza zomasulira kwa Kubernetes, nthawi yake kuti igwirizane ndi kulengeza kwa intaneti . Wolemba nkhaniyi komanso zofunikira zake, a Henning Jacobs waku Zalando, adangoyika chatsopanocho ngati "kubectl for the web". Ankafuna kupanga chida chokhala ndi mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito kuti zigwirizane ndi chithandizo chaukadaulo (mwachitsanzo, kuwonetsa vutoli mwachangu ndi ulalo wapaintaneti) komanso poyankha zochitika, kufunafuna zovuta m'magulu ambiri nthawi imodzi. Ana ake akukula pakali pano (makamaka ndi khama la wolemba mwiniwake).
Pamene tikutumikira magulu ambiri a Kubernetes amitundu yosiyanasiyana, tilinso ndi chidwi chotha kupereka chida chowonekera kwa makasitomala athu. Posankha mawonekedwe oyenera, zotsatirazi zinali zofunika kwa ife:
- kuthandizira kusiyanitsa kwa ufulu wa ogwiritsa ntchito (RBAC);
- kuyang'ana kwa malo a namespace ndi zoyambira za Kubernetes (Deployment, StatefulSet, Service, Cronjob, Job, Ingress, ConfigMap, Secret, PVC);
- kupeza mwayi wopita ku mzere wolamula mkati mwa pod;
- mawonekedwe a masamba;
- onani mawonekedwe a pods (
describe status); - kuchotsa ziphuphu.
Ntchito zina, monga kuwona zinthu zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito (potengera ma pods / owongolera / malo a mayina), kupanga / kusintha zoyambira za K8s, sizothandiza pakuyenda kwathu.
Tiyamba kuwunikanso ndi Kubernetes Dashboard yachikale, yomwe ndi muyezo wathu. Popeza dziko siliyima (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti Kubernetes ali ndi ma GUI atsopano), tidzakambirananso za njira zake zamakono, mwachidule zonse mu tebulo lofananitsa kumapeto kwa nkhaniyo.
NB: Mukuwunikanso, sitibwerezanso ndi mayankho omwe adaganiziridwa kale , komabe, chifukwa cha kukwanira, zosankha zoyenera kuchokera kwa izo (K8Dash, Octant, Kubernetes Web View) zikuphatikizidwa mu tebulo lomaliza.
1. Kubernetes Dashboard
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- (Nyenyezi 8000+ za GitHub);
- License: Apache 2.0;
- Mwachidule: "Mawonekedwe apaintaneti amagulu a Kubernetes. Imalola ogwiritsa ntchito kuyang'anira ndikuthetsa zovuta zomwe zikuyenda mgululi, komanso kuyang'anira gululo. β
Ili ndi gulu lazolinga zonse zomwe olemba a Kubernetes adalemba muzolemba zovomerezeka (koma zosasintha). Zapangidwa kuti zikwaniritse zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kukonza zolakwika pamapulogalamu amgulu. Kunyumba, timagwiritsa ntchito ngati chida chowoneka bwino chopepuka chomwe chimatilola kupatsa otukula mwayi wofunikira komanso wokwanira kumaguluwo. Maluso ake amakwaniritsa zosowa zawo zonse zomwe zimachitika pogwiritsira ntchito masango (v tikuwonetsa zina za gululo). Monga momwe mungaganizire, izi zikutanthauza kuti imakwaniritsa zofunikira zathu zonse zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa.
Zina mwazinthu zazikulu za Kubernetes Dashboard:
- Navigation: onani zinthu zazikuluzikulu za K8s malinga ndi malo a mayina.
- Ngati muli ndi ufulu woyang'anira, gulu likuwonetsa ma node, malo a mayina, ndi Magawo Okhazikika. Kwa ma node, ziwerengero zimapezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira, purosesa, kugawa kwazinthu, ma metrics, mawonekedwe, zochitika, ndi zina.
- Onani mapulogalamu omwe aikidwa mu malo a mayina malinga ndi mtundu wawo (Deployment, StatefulSet, ndi zina zotero), maubale omwe ali pakati pawo (ReplicaSet, Horizontal Pod Autoscaler), ziwerengero ndi zambiri zokhudza inuyo.
- Onani mautumiki ndi Ingresses, komanso maubwenzi awo ndi ma pods ndi mapeto.
- Onani zinthu zamafayilo ndi zosungira: Kukhazikika kwa Voliyumu ndi Kuyimba kwa Voliyumu Yokhazikika.
- Onani ndikusintha ConfigMap ndi Chinsinsi.
- Onani zipika.
- Lamulo lofikira muzotengera.
Choyipa chachikulu (komabe, osati kwa ife) ndikuti palibe chithandizo chamagulu ambiri. Pulojekitiyi imapangidwa mwachangu ndi anthu ammudzi ndipo imasunga zofunikira pakutulutsidwa kwa mitundu yatsopano ndi mafotokozedwe a Kubernetes API: gulu laposachedwa ndi Meyi 22, 2020 - Adayesedwa kuti agwirizane ndi Kubernetes 1.18.
2. mandala
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- (~ 4800 GitHub nyenyezi);
- License: MIT;
- Mwachidule: "Kubernetes IDE".
Pulojekitiyi ili ngati malo ophatikizana otukuka (IDE) a Kubernetes. Kuphatikiza apo, imakongoletsedwa kuti igwire ntchito ndi magulu ambiri komanso ma pod ambiri omwe akuyenda mmenemo (zoyesedwa pa 25 pods).
Zofunikira zazikulu / luso la Lens:
- Ntchito yoyimirira yomwe sifunikira kuyika chilichonse mkati mwa tsango (molondola, Prometheus adzafunika kuti apeze ma metrics onse, koma kukhazikitsa komwe kulipo kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa izi). Kuyika "kwachikulu" kumapangidwa pakompyuta yanu yomwe ikuyenda ndi Linux, macOS kapena Windows.
- Kasamalidwe kamagulu ambiri (mazana amagulu amathandizidwa).
- Kuwona mkhalidwe wa gulu mu nthawi yeniyeni.
- Ma graph ogwiritsira ntchito zida ndi machitidwe okhala ndi mbiri yozikidwa pa Prometheus yomangidwa.
- Kufikira pamzere wolamula wa zotengera komanso pamagulu amagulu.
- Thandizo lathunthu la Kubernetes RBAC.
Kutulutsidwa kwapano - ya June 16, 2020 Yopangidwa ndi Kontena, lero nzeru zonse zasamutsidwa ku bungwe lapadera , wotchedwa "mgwirizano wa cloud native geeks and technologists", omwe ali ndi udindo wa "kusungidwa ndi kupezeka kwa mapulogalamu a Open Source a Kontena."
Lens ndi pulojekiti yachiwiri yotchuka kwambiri pa GitHub kuchokera ku GUI ya gulu la Kubernetes, "kutaya" Kubernets Dashboard yokha. Mayankho ena onse a Open Source omwe sachokera m'gulu la CLI* ndi otsika kwambiri pakutchuka.
* Onani za K9s mu gawo la bonasi la ndemanga.
3. Kubernetic
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- (Nyenyezi 200+ za GitHub);
- License: mwini;
- Mwachidule: "Kuwongolera magulu kunapangidwa kukhala kosavuta."
Uwu ndi pulogalamu yaumwini yomwe imayikidwa pakompyuta yanu (Linux, macOS, Windows imathandizidwa). Olemba ake akulonjeza m'malo wathunthu wa lamulo mzere zofunikira, ndipo ndi izo - palibe chifukwa kukumbukira malamulo ndipo ngakhale kakhumi kuwonjezeka liwiro.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa za chidacho ndikuthandizira kwa ma chart a Helm, ndipo chimodzi mwazovuta ndikusowa kwa ma metrics ogwiritsira ntchito.
Zinthu zazikulu za Kubernetic:
- Chiwonetsero chosavuta cha chikhalidwe cha cluster. Chophimba chimodzi kuti muwone zinthu zonse zokhudzana ndi magulu ndi kudalira kwawo; mawonekedwe ofiira / obiriwira okonzeka pazinthu zonse; cluster status view mode yokhala ndi zosintha zenizeni zenizeni.
- Mabatani ochitapo kanthu mwachangu kufufuta ndikukulitsa pulogalamuyo.
- Thandizo la ntchito zamagulu ambiri.
- Ntchito yosavuta yokhala ndi mayina.
- Kuthandizira ma chart a Helm ndi zosungira za Helm (kuphatikiza zachinsinsi). Kuyika ndi kuyang'anira ma chart pa intaneti.
Mtengo wamakono wa mankhwalawa ndi malipiro a nthawi imodzi a 30 euro kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ndi munthu m'modzi pa chiwerengero chilichonse cha mayina ndi magulu.
4. Kubevious
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- (~ 500 GitHub nyenyezi);
- License: Apache 2.0
- Mwachidule: "Kubevious imapangitsa magulu a Kubernetes, kasinthidwe ka ntchito ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso osavuta kumva."
Lingaliro la polojekiti ndikupanga chida chopangidwa kuti chisanthule ndikusintha masinthidwe ogwiritsira ntchito omwe adayikidwa mgulu. Olembawo adayang'ana makamaka pakukhazikitsa izi, ndikusiya zinthu zambiri zamtsogolo.
Zofunikira ndi ntchito za Kubevious:
- Mawonedwe am'magulu m'njira yokhazikika: Zinthu zofananira pamawonekedwe zimayikidwa m'magulu, zomangika muulamuliro.
- Chiwonetsero chowoneka cha kudalira pazosintha ndi zotsatira zakusintha kwawo.
- Kuwonetsa zolakwika za kasinthidwe kamagulu: kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika zilembo, madoko osowa, ndi zina. (Mwa njira, ngati mukufuna chidwi ndi izi, tcherani khutu za zomwe ife .)
- Kuphatikiza pa mfundo yapitayi, kudziwika kwa zida zomwe zingakhale zoopsa zilipo, i.e. kukhala ndi mwayi wambiri (makhalidwe
hostPID,hostNetwork,hostIPC, phiridocker.socketc). - Makina osakira agululo (osati kokha ndi mayina azinthu, komanso ndi katundu wawo).
- Zida zopangira luso komanso kukhathamiritsa kwazinthu.
- Omangidwa mu "makina anthawi" (kutha kuwona zosintha zam'mbuyomu pakusintha kwazinthu).
- Kuwongolera kwa RBAC yokhala ndi tebulo lolumikizana la pivot la Maudindo, RoleBindings, ServiceAccounts.
- Imagwira ndi gulu limodzi lokha.
Ntchitoyi ili ndi mbiri yochepa kwambiri (kutulutsidwa koyamba kunachitika pa February 11, 2020) ndipo zikuwoneka kuti pakhala nthawi yokhazikika kapena kuchepa kwachitukuko. Ngati matembenuzidwe am'mbuyomu adatulutsidwa pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti kutulutsidwa kwaposachedwa ( Epulo 15, 2020) idatsalira kumbuyo kwachitukuko choyambirira. Izi mwina ndi chifukwa cha chiwerengero chochepa cha othandizira: pali 4 okha m'mbiri ya malo osungiramo zinthu, ndipo ntchito yonse yeniyeni ikuchitika ndi munthu mmodzi.
5. Kubewise
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- License: eni ake (adzakhala Open Source);
- Mwachidule: "Kasitomala wosavuta wamitundu yambiri wa Kubernetes."
Chogulitsa chatsopano kuchokera ku VMware, chomwe chidapangidwa ngati gawo la hackathon yamkati (mu June 2019). Anaika pa munthu kompyuta, ntchito pa maziko a (Linux, macOS ndi Windows zothandizidwa) ndipo zimafunika kubectl v1.14.0 kapena mtsogolo.
Zambiri za Kubewise:
- Kulumikizana kolumikizana ndi mabungwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri Kubernetes: node, malo amazina, ndi zina.
- Kuthandizira kwamafayilo angapo a kubeconfig amagulu osiyanasiyana.
- Terminal yokhala ndi kuthekera kokhazikitsa kusintha kwa chilengedwe
KUBECONFIG. - Pangani mafayilo amtundu wa kubeconfig pamalo omwe mwapatsidwa.
- Zida zachitetezo zapamwamba (RBAC, mapasiwedi, maakaunti a ntchito).
Pakadali pano, ntchitoyi ili ndi kumasulidwa kumodzi kokha - mtundu idasinthidwa pa Novembara 26, 2019. Komanso, olembawo adakonza kuti atulutse nthawi yomweyo ngati Open Source, koma chifukwa cha mavuto amkati (osagwirizana ndi luso lamakono) sakanatha kuchita izi. Pofika Meyi 2020, olemba akugwira ntchito yotulutsanso ndipo ayenera kuyambitsa ndondomeko yotsegula nthawi yomweyo.
6. OpenShift Console
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- (~ 150 GitHub nyenyezi);
- License: Apache 2.0;
- Mwachidule: "UI ya OpenShift Clusters".
Ngakhale kuti mawonekedwe a intaneti ndi gawo la kugawa kwa OpenShift (amayikidwa pamenepo pogwiritsa ntchito ), olemba Kutha kukhazikitsa / kugwiritsa ntchito mwachizolowezi (vanila) Kubernetes makhazikitsidwe.
OpenShift Console yakhala ikukula kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa chake yaphatikiza zinthu zambiri. Titchula zazikuluzo:
- Njira yogawana mawonekedwe - "malingaliro" awiri a kuthekera komwe kulipo mu Console: kwa oyang'anira ndi opanga. Mode kawonedwe ka mapulogalamu Magulu amayang'ana zinthu m'njira yomveka bwino kwa omanga (ndi mapulogalamu) ndipo amayang'ana mawonekedwe amtunduwu pakuthana ndi ntchito zomwe zimafanana ndi kutumiza mapulogalamu, kutsata malo omanga / kutumiza, komanso kusintha ma code kudzera pa Eclipse Che.
- Kusamalira katundu, maukonde, kusungirako, ufulu wopeza.
- Kupatukana koyenera kwa zochulukira zama projekiti ndi ntchito. M'modzi mwazotulutsa zaposachedwa - v4.3 - wapadera dashboard ya polojekiti, yomwe imawonetsa zidziwitso zanthawi zonse (chiwerengero ndi ziwerengero za kutumizidwa, ma pod, ndi zina zotero; kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi ma metrics ena) mugawo la polojekiti.
- Chiwonetsero chosinthidwa nthawi yeniyeni ya chikhalidwe chamagulu, kusintha (zochitika) zomwe zachitika mmenemo; kuwona zipika.
- Onani data yowunikira potengera Prometheus, Alertmanager ndi Grafana.
- Utsogoleri wa ogwira ntchito omwe akuyimiridwa mu .
- Sinthani zomanga zomwe zimadutsa ku Docker (kuchokera kumalo osungira omwe ali ndi Dockerfile), kapena zinthu zakunja zongochitika zokha.
NB: Sitinawonjezere ena kufananiza Kubernetes magawo (mwachitsanzo, osadziwika bwino kwambiri ): ngakhale kuti GUI ikhoza kukhala yopita patsogolo kwambiri mwa iwo, nthawi zambiri imabwera ngati gawo lophatikizika la dongosolo lalikulu. Komabe, ngati mukuganiza kuti palibe mayankho okwanira omwe amagwira ntchito mokwanira pakuyika kwa vanila K8s, tiuzeni mu ndemanga.
Bonasi
1. Wojambula pa Kubernetes mu Beta
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- (~ 100 GitHub nyenyezi);
- License: Zlib(?) (zofanana ndi polojekiti ya makolo).
Pulojekiti yochokera ku gulu la Portiner, yomwe idapanga mawonekedwe odziwika a dzina lomwelo pogwira ntchito ndi Docker. Popeza polojekitiyi ili koyambirira kwachitukuko (mtundu woyamba komanso wokha wa beta Epulo 16, 2020), sitinawunike mawonekedwe ake. Komabe, zitha kukhala zosangalatsa kwa ambiri: ngati izi zikukhudza inu, tsatirani chitukuko.
2. IcePanel
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- License: mwini;
- Mwachidule: "Visual Kubernetes Editor".
Ntchito yaying'ono yapakompyuta iyi ikufuna kuwona ndikuwongolera zida za Kubernetes munthawi yeniyeni ndi mawonekedwe osavuta okoka & dontho. Zinthu zothandizidwa pano ndi Pod, Service, Deployment, StatefulSet, PersistentVolume, PersistentVolumeClaim, ConfigMap ndi Chinsinsi. Posakhalitsa akulonjeza kuwonjezera thandizo kwa Helm. Zoyipa zazikulu ndikuyandikira kwa code (ikuyembekezeka ) ndi kusowa kwa chithandizo cha Linux (mpaka pano mitundu yokha ya Windows ndi macOS ilipo, ngakhale izi ndizochitikanso za nthawi).
3 k9 ndi
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- (~ 7700 GitHub nyenyezi);
- License: Apache 2.0;
- Mwachidule: "Mawonekedwe a console a Kubernetes omwe amakupatsani mwayi wowongolera gulu lanu mwanjira."
Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zinali mu gawo la bonasi lowunikiranso chifukwa limapereka GUI yotonthoza. Komabe, olembawo adakanikizira kuchuluka kwa terminal, osapereka mawonekedwe osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso mitu 6 yodziwikiratu, komanso njira yotsogola yachidule cha kiyibodi ndi zilembo zamalamulo. Njira yawo yokhazikika sinali yongowoneka kokha: mawonekedwe a k9s ndi ochititsa chidwi: kasamalidwe kazinthu, kuwonetsa momwe gululi likukhalira, kuwonetsa zothandizira pazoyimira zotsogola ndi zodalira, zipika zowonera, thandizo la RBAC, kukulitsa luso kudzera pamapulagini ... ku gulu lalikulu la ma K8: chiwerengero cha GitHub nyenyezi za polojekitiyi ndi zabwino kwambiri ngati Kubernetes Dashboard yovomerezeka!
4. Mapulogalamu owongolera ntchito
Ndipo pamapeto a ndemanga - osiyana mini-gulu. Inaphatikizanso ma intaneti awiri omwe sanapangidwe kuti aziwongolera magulu a Kubernetes, koma kuyang'anira zomwe zayikidwamo.
Monga mukudziwira, chimodzi mwazinthu zokhwima komanso zofala kwambiri zotumizira zovuta ku Kubernetes ndi Helm. Panthawi yomwe idakhalapo, mapaketi ambiri (ma chart a Helm) adasonkhanitsidwa kuti atumizidwe mosavuta. . Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe a zida zoyenera zowonera zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wowongolera moyo wa ma chart ndizomveka.
4.1. Monocular
- (Nyenyezi 1300+ za GitHub);
- License: Apache 2.0;
- Mwachidule: "Ntchito yapaintaneti yosaka ndikupeza ma chart a Helm m'malo ambiri. Ndiwo maziko a polojekiti ya Helm hub."
Kukula uku kuchokera kwa olemba a Helm kumayikidwa ku Kubernetes ndipo amagwira ntchito mkati mwa gulu lomwelo, kuchita ntchitoyi. Komabe, pakali pano, polojekitiyi siinapangidwe. Cholinga chake chachikulu ndikuthandizira kukhalapo kwa Helm Hub. Pazofuna zina, olemba amalimbikitsa Kubeapps (onani pansipa) kapena Red Hat Automation Broker (gawo la OpenShift, koma silikupangidwanso).
4.2. Kubeapps
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- (~ 2100 GitHub nyenyezi);
- License: Apache 2.0
- Mwachidule: "Dashboard yanu yofunsira Kubernetes."
Chogulitsa kuchokera ku Bitnami, chomwe chimayikidwanso mu gulu la Kubernetes, koma chimasiyana ndi Monocular poyang'ana koyamba pakugwira ntchito ndi nkhokwe zapadera.
Ntchito zazikulu ndi mawonekedwe a Kubeapps:
- Onani ndi kukhazikitsa ma chart a Helm kuchokera m'malo osungira.
- Chongani, sinthani, ndikuchotsani mapulogalamu a Helm omwe adayikidwa pagulu.
- Kuthandizira nkhokwe zamatchati zachikhalidwe komanso zachinsinsi (zimathandizira ChartMuseum ndi JFrog Artifactory).
- Kuwona ndikugwira ntchito ndi ntchito zakunja - kuchokera ku Service Catalog ndi Service Brokers.
- Kusindikiza mapulogalamu omwe adayikidwapo pogwiritsa ntchito makina a Service Catalog Bindings.
- Kuthandizira kutsimikizika ndi kulekanitsa ufulu pogwiritsa ntchito RBAC.
Chidule cha tebulo
Pansipa pali tebulo lachidule momwe tayesera kufotokoza mwachidule ndikuphatikiza mbali zazikulu zamawonekedwe omwe alipo kuti tithandizire kufananitsa:
(Mtundu wa pa intaneti wa tebulo .)
Pomaliza
Ma GUI a Kubernetes ndi kagawo kakang'ono komanso kakang'ono. Komabe, ikukula mwachangu: ndizotheka kale kupeza mayankho okhwima, komanso ang'onoang'ono, omwe ali ndi mwayi wokulira. Amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, amapereka mawonekedwe ndikuwoneka kuti agwirizane ndi kukoma kulikonse. Tikukhulupirira kuti ndemangayi ikuthandizani kusankha chida chomwe chikugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu zamakono.
PS
Zikomo kwa deta pa OpenShift Console pa tebulo lofananitsa!
Werenganinso pa blog yathu:
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Source: www.habr.com