Ndi zithunzi ziti zomwe zimabwera m'maganizo mukaganizira zachitetezo chozungulira? Chinachake chokhudza mipanda, madona okalamba okhala ndi mfuti za Berdan, gulu la makamera ndi magetsi owunikira? Alamu? Eya, chinachake chonga chimenecho chinalipo kalekale.
Poganizira zochitika zaposachedwapa, njira yowunikira chitetezo cha nyumba, zigawo za malire a boma, madera a madzi, ndi malo otseguka ochuluka zidzasintha kwambiri.
Mu positiyi, ndikufuna kukambirana za mavuto omwe alipo kale komanso kusintha komwe kukuchitika pamakampani achitetezo. Zomwe zikukhala zinthu zakale, ndi zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale mu machitidwe achitetezo amakono.
Kale zinali bwanji?
Ndinabadwira mumzinda wosadziŵika bwino, ndipo kuyambira ndili mwana ndinazolowera malo osungikirako magalimoto, mipanda ya konkire, asilikali, ndi waya wamingaminga. Tsopano sindingathe kulingalira khama lalikulu lomwe linatenga kuti ateteze kuzungulira kwa mzinda wonse.
Kukonzekera malo opangira mipanda ya konkire kumafunika kukhetsa madambo, matani a nthaka, ndi nkhalango. Zowunikira zozungulira (ma alarm), makamera, ndi kuyatsa ziyeneranso kukhazikitsidwa. Zonsezi zimafuna gulu lalikulu la ogwira ntchito: zipangizo zimafuna kukonzanso, kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi kukonzanso.
Ma alarm ambiri achitetezo adapangidwa koyamba ku USSR m'zaka za m'ma 70, mumzinda wanga ndi mizinda ina ingapo. Kuyambira pamenepo, mfundo yawo yogwiritsira ntchito - "kusokoneza alamu ndikuyimba" -siyinasinthe kwambiri, pamene kudalirika ndi chitetezo cha phokoso chawonjezeka. Zigawo ndi luso lopanga zinthu zasinthanso.
Kwenikweni, nthawi zonse ndi tsopano, chowunikiracho chimapanga chizindikiro cha alamu pamene wolowa wapezeka m'dera lotetezedwa.
Zachidziwikire, mutha kuwonjezera mipiringidzo, makamera, zowunikira, kuyika mipanda ya konkriti ndikupanga mizere ingapo yachitetezo.
Koma zonsezi zimangowonjezera mtengo wachitetezo ndipo sizimathetsa vuto lalikulu la machitidwe a "classic". Nthawi ya "mgwirizano" pakati pa wolowerera wodziwa zambiri ndi malire ndi masekondi ochepa chabe. Sitikudziwa kalikonse za zochita zawo asanalowe ndi pambuyo pake.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungakhale ndi nthawi yochita zofunikira musanawoloke malowa ndipo mudzapeza mutu waukulu pambuyo pa kuukira.
Kodi chitetezo chokwanira chingakhale chotani?
Mwachitsanzo, monga chonchi:
- Dziwani wolowerera asanadutse malire a malo otetezedwa, tinene, 20-50 metres kuchokera kumpanda. Dongosololi liyenera kutsatira njira ya wolowererayo asanalowe komanso pambuyo pake. Njira ya wolowererayo komanso kanema wowunika amawonetsedwa paziwonetsero zachitetezo.
- Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chiwerengero cha makamera oyang'anitsitsa chiyenera kukhala chochepa, kuti asawonjezere mtengo wa chitetezo komanso kuti asachulukitse maso ndi ubongo wa ogwira ntchito zachitetezo.
Makina achitetezo a radar (RS) tsopano amapereka ntchito zofananira. Amazindikira zinthu zomwe zikuyenda, kuzindikira omwe alowa, kudziwa komwe ali (mitundu ndi azimuth), liwiro, komwe amayendera, ndi zina. Malingana ndi deta iyi, njira yodutsa ikhoza kukonzedwa pa ndondomeko ya malo. Izi zimathandiza kulosera za kayendedwe ka wolowerera ku zinthu zofunika kwambiri mkati mwa malo otetezedwa.
Chitsanzo cha kuwonetsa zambiri kuchokera pachitetezo cha radar pa chowunikira chachitetezo.
Dongosolo la radarli limagwira ntchito mkati mwa gawo lowonera kuyambira makumi a madigiri mpaka madigiri 360 mu azimuth. Makamera amakanema amakwaniritsa zowonera. Pogwiritsa ntchito deta ya radar, nsanja yozungulira ya kamera imapereka kuyang'ana kowonekera kwa wolowa.
Kuphimba kwathunthu malo okhala ndi mtunda wautali (5 mpaka 15 km), ma radar ochepa okha okhala ndi ngodya yowonera mpaka madigiri 90 angakhale okwanira. Pamenepa, radar yomwe idazindikira koyamba wolowererayo imawatsata ndikuwunika mayendedwe awo mpaka wolowayo alowa m'malo owonera radar ina ndi kamera ina.
Zotsatira zake, malowa nthawi zonse amakhala pansi paulamuliro wa wothandizira chitetezo.
Lingaliro lomanga chitetezo ndi chidziwitso, chothandiza komanso ergonomic.
Nachi chitsanzo cha momwe dongosolo lotere limagwirira ntchito m'moyo weniweni:
Ndine wokonzeka kupitiriza kusindikiza. Mwachitsanzo, za anti-UAV ndi machitidwe a drone ndi mipanda yamakono yophatikizika (njira ina yolumikizira mipanda ya konkriti).
Source: www.habr.com
