Ndi zithunzi ziti zomwe zimabwera m'maganizo mwanu mukatchula zachitetezo chozungulira? Chinachake chokhudza mipanda, agogo a "dandelion wa Mulungu" okhala ndi mfuti za ndevu, makamera ambiri ndi zowunikira? Alamu? Inde, zofanana ndi zimenezi zinachitika kalekale.
Pokhudzana ndi zochitika zaposachedwapa, njira yowunikira chitetezo cha nyumba, zigawo za malire a boma, madera a madzi ndi malo otseguka adzasintha kwambiri.
Mu positi ine ndikufuna kulankhula za mavuto omwe alipo kale machitidwe akale, ndi kusintha zimene zikuchitika panopa m'munda wa kachitidwe chitetezo. Zomwe zikukhala zinthu zakale, ndi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kale m'makina achitetezo amakono.
Kale zinali bwanji?
Ndinabadwira mumzinda wotsekedwa, ndipo kuyambira ndili mwana ndinazolowera kulowa mβmalo, mipanda ya konkire, asilikali ndi waya wamingaminga. Tsopano sindingathe kulingalira zoyesayesa za titanic zomwe zidatenga kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo chodalirika kuzungulira mzinda wonsewo.
Kukonzekera malo oti muyikeko zotchinga za konkire kumaphatikizapo kukhetsa madambo, matani a dothi, ndi nkhalango. Muyeneranso kukhazikitsa masensa ozungulira (zowunikira), makamera, ndi kuyatsa. Zonsezi ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi gulu lalikulu la opareshoni: zida zimafunikira kusinthidwa, kusintha kwanyengo ndi kukonza.
Zowunikira zambiri zachitetezo zidayamba kupangidwa ku USSR m'ma 70s azaka zapitazi mumzinda wanga ndi mizinda ina ingapo. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, mfundo ya ntchito yawo "yosokonekera" sinasinthe kwambiri, koma kudalirika ndi chitetezo chokwanira chawonjezeka. Tekinoloje ya element base ndi kupanga nayonso yapita patsogolo.
M'malo mwake, nthawi zonse komanso pano, chowunikiracho chimatulutsa chizindikiro cha alamu pamene wolowa wapezeka pamalo otetezedwa.
Zachidziwikire, mutha kuwonjezera mipiringidzo, makamera, zowunikira, kukhazikitsa mipanda ya konkriti ndikupanga mizere ingapo yachitetezo.
Koma zonsezi zimangowonjezera mtengo wachitetezo chachitetezo ndipo sizimachotsa zovuta zazikulu za machitidwe a "classical". Nthawi yoti wophwanya wodziwa bwino "agwirizane" ndi malire ndi masekondi ochepa chabe. Kuukira kusanachitike komanso pambuyo pake, sitidziwa chilichonse chokhudza zochita zake.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti simungakhale ndi nthawi yochita zofunikira musanadutse chinthucho ndikupeza mutu waukulu pambuyo pa kuukira.
Kodi njira yabwino yotetezera ingakhale yotani?
Mwachitsanzo, monga chonchi:
- Dziwani wolowerera musanawoloke malire a malo otetezedwa. Pa mtunda wa, kunena, 20-50 mamita kuchokera kumpanda. Pambuyo pake dongosololi liyenera kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka wolowayo asanalowe ndi pambuyo pake. Mayendedwe a wolowererayo komanso makanema amawunikidwa amawonetsedwa pazowunikira zachitetezo.
- Panthawi imodzimodziyo, chiwerengero cha makamera otetezera chiyenera kukhala chochepa kuti asawonjezere mtengo wa chitetezo chachitetezo komanso kuti asachulukitse maso ndi ubongo wa akuluakulu a chitetezo.
Masiku ano, ma radar system (RLS) ali ndi ntchito zofanana. Amazindikira zinthu zomwe zikuyenda, kuzindikira wolowa, kudziwa malo (mitundu ndi azimuth) ya wolowerera, liwiro lake, momwe amayendera ndi magawo ena. Malingana ndi deta iyi, ndizotheka kupanga njira yoyendayenda pa ndondomeko ya chinthucho. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kulosera kusuntha kwina kwa wolowerera ku zinthu zofunika mkati mwa malo otetezedwa.
Chitsanzo cha kuwonetsa zambiri kuchokera pachitetezo cha radar pa chowunikira chachitetezo.
Dongosolo la radar lotereli limagwira ntchito mkati mwa gawo lowonera kuyambira makumi a madigiri mpaka madigiri 360 mu azimuth. Makamera amakanema amakwaniritsa mawonekedwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito deta ya radar, nsanja yozungulira ya makamera a kanema imapereka kuyang'ana kowonekera kwa wolowerera.
Kuphimba kwathunthu gawo la chinthu chokhala ndi mtunda wautali (kuyambira 5 mpaka 15 km), ma radar ochepa okha okhala ndi ngodya yowonera mpaka madigiri 90 angakhale okwanira. Pamenepa, munthu amene wazindikira wolowererayo amamuyangβanira kaye ndi kusanthula mmene akuyendetsera mpaka wolowererayo atafika pamalo oonera munthu wina komanso kamera ina ya pa TV.
Chotsatira chake, malowa nthawi zonse amakhala pansi pa ulamuliro wa chitetezo.
Lingaliro lomanga chitetezo ndi chidziwitso, chothandiza komanso ergonomic.
Nachi chitsanzo cha momwe dongosolo lotere limagwirira ntchito:
Takonzeka kupitiriza kusindikiza. Mwachitsanzo, za machitidwe othana ndi ma UAV ndi ma drones ndi mipanda yamakono yophatikizika (m'malo mwa mipanda yolimba ya konkriti).
Source: www.habr.com