M'modzi mwa athu , yoperekedwa ku mapulani a zomangamanga pogwiritsira ntchito Zimbra Collabortion Suite mu bizinesi, zinanenedwa kuti cholepheretsa chachikulu pakugwira ntchito kwa yankho ili ndi liwiro la I / O la zida za disk muzosungira makalata. Zowonadi, panthawi yomwe mazana angapo ogwira ntchito m'bizinesi amapeza nthawi yosungiramo makalata omwewo, kuchuluka kwa tchanelo cholembera ndikuwerenga zambiri kuchokera pa hard drive sikungakhale kokwanira pakuchitapo kanthu kwa ntchitoyo. Ndipo ngati pazigawo zing'onozing'ono za Zimbra izi sizidzakhala vuto linalake, ndiye ngati makampani akuluakulu ndi othandizira a SaaS, zonsezi zingayambitse maimelo osayankhidwa ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito, komanso kuphwanya malamulo. za SLAs. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, popanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito makhazikitsidwe akuluakulu a Zimbra, chidwi chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a hard drive posungira makalata. Tiyeni tiwone milandu iwiri ndikuyesera kupeza njira zowonjezeretsa katundu pa disk yosungirako zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu iliyonse ya iwo.
1. Kukhathamiritsa popanga kukhazikitsa kwakukulu kwa Zimbra
Panthawi yopangira makina odzaza Zimbra, woyang'anira ayenera kusankha njira yosungira yomwe angagwiritse ntchito. Kuti musankhe pankhaniyi, muyenera kudziwa kuti katundu wamkulu pama hard drive amachokera ku MariaDB DBMS yophatikizidwa mu Zimbra Collaboration Suite, makina osakira a Apache Lucene, ndi kusunga ma blob. Ndicho chifukwa chake kuti mugwiritse ntchito mapulogalamuwa pansi pa katundu wambiri, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zothamanga kwambiri komanso zodalirika.
Nthawi zonse, Zimbra imatha kukhazikitsidwa pa RAID ya hard drive komanso posungira yolumikizidwa kudzera pa protocol ya NFS. Pamakhazikitsidwe ang'onoang'ono, mutha kukhazikitsa Zimbra pagalimoto ya SATA yokhazikika. Komabe, potengera kuyika kwakukulu, matekinoloje onsewa amawonetsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana monga kuchepetsa liwiro lojambulira kapena kudalirika kochepa, zomwe sizovomerezeka kwa mabizinesi akuluakulu kapena, makamaka kwa opereka SaaS.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake m'malo akuluakulu a Zimbra ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito SAN. Ndi ukadaulo uwu womwe ukutha kupereka njira yayikulu kwambiri yosungiramo zida zosungira ndipo nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa chotha kulumikiza cache yochulukirapo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwake sikubweretsa zoopsa zilizonse kubizinesi. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito NVRAM, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma SANs ambiri kufulumizitsa zinthu panthawi yolemba. Koma ndikwabwino kuletsa kusungitsa deta yojambulidwa pama disks okha, chifukwa zitha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa media ndi kutayika kwa data ngati vuto lamagetsi lichitika.
Pankhani yosankha mafayilo amafayilo, chisankho chabwino chingakhale kugwiritsa ntchito Linux Ext3/Ext4. Chachikulu chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi fayilo yamafayilo ndikuti iyenera kuyikidwa ndi parameter - nthawi. Njira iyi idzalepheretsa ntchito yojambulira nthawi yomaliza yofikira mafayilo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zidzachepetsa kwambiri kuwerengera ndi kulemba. Nthawi zambiri, popanga fayilo ya ext3 kapena ext4 ya Zimbra, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magawo otsatirawa. mke2fs:
-j - Kupanga nyuzipepala yamafayilo. Pangani fayilo yamafayilo ndi ext3/ext4 magazine.
-L DZINA - Kupanga dzina la voliyumu kuti mugwiritse ntchito /etc/fstab
-O dir_index - Kugwiritsa ntchito mtengo wosakira mwachangu kuti mufulumizitse kusaka kwamafayilo mumakanema akulu
-m 2 - Kusunga 2% ya voliyumu mumafayilo akulu akulu pazowongolera
-J kukula = 400 - Kupanga magazini yayikulu
-b4096 - Kuti mudziwe kukula kwa block mu ma byte
-ndi 10240 - Posungira mauthenga, zosinthazi ziyenera kugwirizana ndi kukula kwa uthenga. Muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi parameter iyi, chifukwa mtengo wake sungathe kusinthidwa pambuyo pake.
Ndi bwino kuti athe dirsync posungira ma blob, kusungirako kwa metadata ya Lucene, ndi kusungirako pamzere wa MTA. Izi ziyenera kuchitika chifukwa Zimbra nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zofunikira fsync pakulemba kotsimikizika kwa blob yokhala ndi data ku disk. Komabe, sitolo ya makalata ya Zimbra kapena MTA ikapanga mafayilo atsopano panthawi yotumiza uthenga, zimakhala zofunikira kulembera ku disk zosintha zomwe zimachitika m'mafoda ofanana. Ichi ndichifukwa chake, ngakhale fayiloyo idalembedwa kale ku disk pogwiritsa ntchito fsync, mbiri ya kuwonjezera kwake ku bukhuli silingakhale ndi nthawi yolembedwa ku diski ndipo, chifukwa chake, ikhoza kutayika chifukwa cha kulephera kwadzidzidzi kwa seva. Chifukwa cha ntchito dirsync mavutowa akhoza kupewedwa.
2. Kukhathamiritsa ndi zida za Zimbra zikuyenda
Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti patatha zaka zingapo mukugwiritsa ntchito Zimbra, chiwerengero cha ogwiritsa ntchito chimawonjezeka kwambiri ndipo ntchitoyo imakhala yochepa kwambiri tsiku lililonse. Njira yotulutsira izi ndi yodziwikiratu: mumangofunika kuwonjezera ma seva atsopano pazomangamanga kuti ntchitoyi igwirenso ntchito mwachangu monga kale. Pakadali pano, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuwonjezera ma seva atsopano pazomangamanga kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe ake. Oyang'anira IT nthawi zambiri amayenera kuthera nthawi yayitali akugwirizanitsa kugula kwa ma seva atsopano ndi dipatimenti yowerengera ndalama kapena chitetezo; Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi zambiri amatsitsidwa ndi ogulitsa omwe amatha kubweretsa seva yatsopano mochedwa kapena ngakhale kubweretsa cholakwika.
Zachidziwikire, ndikwabwino kumanga maziko anu a Zimbra ndi malo osungira kuti nthawi zonse mukhale ndi malo osungira kuti akulitse ndipo musadalire aliyense, komabe, ngati cholakwika chachitika kale, woyang'anira IT atha kungowongolera zotsatira zake ngati. momwe ndingathere. Mwachitsanzo, woyang'anira IT atha kukulitsa zokolola pang'ono poletsa kwakanthawi ntchito zamakina a Linux omwe amapeza ma hard drive nthawi zonse akugwira ntchito motero amatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a Zimbra. Chifukwa chake, mutha kuyimitsa kwakanthawi:
autofs, netfs - Remote File System Discovery Services
zikho - Ntchito yosindikiza
xinetd, vsftpd - Ntchito zomangidwa * za NIX zomwe mwina simungafune
portmap, rpcsvcgssd, rpcgssd, rpcidmapd - Ntchito zoyimbira foni zakutali, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi makina amafayilo a netiweki
dovecot, cyrus-imapd, sendmail, exim, postfix, ldap - Zobwereza zazinthu zazikulu zomwe zikuphatikizidwa mu Zimbra Collaboration Suite
slocate/updatedb - Popeza Zimbra imasunga uthenga uliwonse mu fayilo yosiyana, kuyendetsa ntchito ya updateb tsiku lililonse kungayambitse mavuto, chifukwa chake ndizotheka kuchita izi pamanja panthawi yochepa kwambiri pa maseva.
Kupulumutsa zida zamakina chifukwa cholepheretsa mautumikiwa sikudzakhala kofunikira kwambiri, koma ngakhale izi zitha kukhala zothandiza kwambiri pamikhalidwe yoyandikira kukakamiza majeure. Seva yatsopanoyo ikangowonjezeredwa ku maziko a Zimbra, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyambitsenso ntchito zomwe zidalephereka kale.
Mutha kukhathamiritsanso magwiridwe antchito a Zimbra mwa kusuntha ntchito ya syslog ku seva yosiyana kuti pakugwira ntchito zisakweze ma hard drive osungira makalata. Pafupifupi kompyuta iliyonse ndi yoyenera pazifukwa izi, ngakhale Raspberry Pi yotsika mtengo imodzi.
Source: www.habr.com