Mauthenga a blockchain amathetsa vuto lopereka zidziwitso kuchokera kudziko lakunja kupita ku blockchain. Koma m’pofunika kuti tidziwe amene tingawadalire.
В za kukhazikitsidwa kwa catalog tinalemba za kufunika kwa oracles kwa blockchain.
Mapulogalamu okhazikitsidwa alibe mwayi wopeza deta kunja kwa blockchain. Choncho, mapulogalamu ang'onoang'ono amapangidwa - oracles - omwe amapeza deta yofunikira kuchokera kudziko lakunja ndikulemba pa blockchain.
Kutengera mtundu wa gwero la data, oracles akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: mapulogalamu, hardware ndi anthu.
Mapulogalamu olankhula kulandira ndi kukonza deta kuchokera pa intaneti - monga kutentha kwa mpweya, mitengo yazinthu, kuchedwa kwa sitima ndi ndege. Zambiri zimachokera kuzinthu zapaintaneti monga ma API, ndipo oracle amazichotsa ndikuziyika pa blockchain. Werengani za momwe mungapangire pulogalamu yosavuta ya oracle .
Mawu a Hardware kutsatira zinthu mu dziko lenileni pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo ndi masensa. Mwachitsanzo, kamera ya kanema yowoloka pamzere imajambulitsa magalimoto akulowa m'dera linalake. Oracle imalemba za kuwoloka mzere mu blockchain, ndipo kutengera deta iyi, script yovomerezeka yovomerezeka imatha, mwachitsanzo, kuyambitsa kutulutsa chindapusa komanso kubweza ma tokeni kuchokera ku akaunti ya eni galimoto.
Maulosi a Anthu gwiritsani ntchito zomwe anthu adalowa. Amaonedwa kuti ndi opita patsogolo kwambiri chifukwa cha malingaliro awo odziyimira pawokha pazotsatira za chochitikacho.
Posachedwa tapereka chida chomwe chimalola kuti deta ya oracle ilembedwe ku blockchain malinga ndi zomwe zaperekedwa. Zimagwira ntchito mophweka kwambiri: muyenera kungolembetsa pokwaniritsa zofunikira. Kusintha kwa data kumatha kusindikizidwa molingana ndi izi kudzera pa mawonekedwe a Waves Oracles. Werengani zambiri za chida pa .
Zida zokhazikika zotere ndi zolumikizira zimapangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa onse opanga komanso ogwiritsa ntchito ntchito za blockchain. Chida chathu ndi chothandiza makamaka kwa olankhula anthu ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, kulemba ziphaso kapena kukopera kwazinthu zilizonse.
Koma pogwiritsira ntchito maula, funso la kukhulupirira chidziŵitso cholandira kuchokera kwa iwo limabuka. Kodi gwero lake ndi lodalirika? Kodi deta idzalandiridwa pa nthawi yake? Kuonjezera apo, pali chiopsezo kuti oracle idzanyenga ogwiritsa ntchito mwa kupereka mwadala zambiri zolakwika kuti apindule.
Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani mawu omwe amapereka chidziwitso cha zochitika zamasewera pakusinthana kwa kubetcha kwapakati.
Chochitikacho ndi nkhondo yaikulu ya mpikisano wa UFC 242, Khabib Nurmagomedov vs. Dustin Poirier. Malinga ndi olemba mabuku, Nurmagomedov ndiye wokondedwa kwambiri pankhondoyi. Mutha kubetcherana pa chigonjetso chake ndi zovuta za 1,24, zomwe zikufanana ndi kuthekera kwa 76%. Zovuta za chigonjetso cha Poirier zinali 4,26 (22%), ndipo mwayi wojambula udayerekezedwa ndi olemba mabuku pa 51,0 (2%).
Zolembazo zimavomereza kubetcha kwa ogwiritsa ntchito pazotsatira zonse zitatu zomwe zingatheke mpaka zitalandira chidziwitso kuchokera ku oracle za zotsatira zenizeni za nkhondoyo. Ichi ndiye njira yokhayo yogawa zopambana.
Tsopano zikudziwika kuti Nurmagomedov anapambana. Komabe, tiyeni tiyerekeze kuti mwiniwake wosakhulupirika wa oracle, akukonzekera chinyengo pasadakhale, adayika kubetcha pa zotsatira ndi zovuta zabwino kwambiri - kujambula. Banki yobetchayo ikafika pachiwopsezo chachikulu, mwiniwake wa oracle amayambitsa kujambula zabodza mu blockchain zokhudzana ndi zomwe akuganiza kuti zachitika pankhondoyo. Zolemba zakusinthana kwadongosolo sizitha kuwonanso kulondola kwa zomwe zalandilidwa ndikugawa zopambana zokha molingana ndi izi.
Ngati phindu lomwe lingapezeke kuchokera kuchinyengo chamtunduwu ndi lalikulu kuposa ndalama zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa za oracle yowona mtima, ndipo chiopsezo chopita kukhoti ndi chochepa, mwayi wochita zosakhulupirika ndi mwiniwake wa oracle ukuwonjezeka kwambiri.
Njira imodzi yothetsera vutoli ndikupempha deta kuchokera kwa olankhulira angapo ndikubweretsa zotsatira zake kuti zigwirizane. Pali mitundu ingapo ya mgwirizano:
- manenedwe onse anapereka chidziwitso chomwecho
- olankhulira ambiri anapereka chidziŵitso chofanana (2 mwa 3, 3 mwa 4, ndi zina zotero)
- kubweretsa deta ya oracle pamtengo wapakati (zosankha ndizotheka momwe zoyambira komanso zocheperako zimatayidwa)
- Maulalo onse adapereka chidziwitso chofananira ndi kulolerana komwe adagwirizana kale (mwachitsanzo, mawu azandalama ochokera kumagwero osiyanasiyana amatha kusiyana ndi 0,00001, ndipo kupeza kufanana kwenikweni ndi ntchito yosatheka)
- sankhani zamtengo wapatali zokha kuchokera pazomwe mwalandira
Tiyeni tibwerere kukusinthana kwathu kwa kubetcha komwe kulibe malire. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mgwirizano wa "3 mwa 4", mawu amodzi omwe akufotokoza zojambulazo sangathe kukhudza kalembedwe kake, malinga ngati mawu ena atatuwo apereka chidziwitso chodalirika.
Koma wogwiritsa ntchito mosasamala akhoza kukhala ndi maulalo atatu mwa anayiwo, ndiyeno adzatha kupereka unyinji wotsimikizirika.
Kumenyera umphumphu wa oracles, mukhoza kuwafotokozera mlingo kwa iwo kapena dongosolo la chindapusa cha deta yosadalirika. Mutha kutenganso njira ya "karoti" ndikupereka mphotho chifukwa chowona. Koma palibe njira zomwe zingapeweretu, mwachitsanzo, kutsika kwa mitengo kapena kuchuluka kosalungama.
Ndiye kuli koyenera kupanga mautumiki ovuta, kapena kudzakhala kokwanira kukhala ndi chida chogwirizana chomwe chidzakulolani, monga pa alumali, kusankha, mwachitsanzo, mawu asanu omwe amapereka deta yofunikira, ikani mtundu wa mgwirizano ndikupeza chotsatira?
Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu yokhazikika imafunika kutentha kwa madigiri Celsius. M'kabuku ka oracle, timapeza mawu anayi omwe amapereka deta yotere, ikani mtundu wa mgwirizano kuti "average" ndikupempha.
Tiyerekeze kuti olankhulidwa anapereka mfundo zotsatirazi: 18, 17, 19 ndi 21 madigiri. Kusiyana kwa madigiri atatu kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri pakukwaniritsa script. Ntchitoyi imayendetsa zotsatira zake ndipo imalandira kutentha kwapakati pa madigiri 18.75. Script yovomerezeka yovomerezeka ilandila nambala iyi ndikugwira nayo ntchito.
Pamapeto pake, chigamulocho chimakhala ndi wogula: kaya akhulupirire mawu amodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito deta yake, kapena kupanga mgwirizano wa maulalo angapo osankhidwa mwakufuna kwawo.
Mulimonsemo, zonena za data ndi gawo latsopano. Ndi pa nthawi yomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kudziwa komwe ikuyenera kupita. Ndicho chifukwa chake tikufuna kumva maganizo anu. Kodi chida chapamwambachi ndi chofunikira pa olankhulira? Kodi mumawona bwanji tsogolo la olankhuli a data ambiri? Gawani malingaliro anu mu ndemanga komanso m'gulu lathu lovomerezeka .
Source: www.habr.com