Kaya ndikusintha firmware pa foni yanu zili kwa aliyense kusankha yekha.
Anthu ena amaika CyanogenMod, ena samamva ngati mwiniwake wa chipangizo popanda TWRP kapena jailbreak.
Pankhani yokonzanso mafoni am'manja amakampani, njirayi iyenera kukhala yofananira, apo ayi ngakhale Ragnarok idzawoneka ngati yosangalatsa kwa anthu a IT.
Werengani pansipa momwe izi zimachitikira m'dziko la "kampani".
Nkhope Yachidule Yopanda
Zida zam'manja zochokera ku iOS zimalandira zosintha pafupipafupi zofanana ndi zida za Windows, koma nthawi yomweyo:
- zosintha zimatulutsidwa pafupipafupi;
- Zida zambiri zimalandila zosintha, koma osati zonse.
Apple imatulutsa zosintha za iOS nthawi yomweyo pazida zake zambiri, kupatula zomwe sizikuthandizidwanso. Nthawi yomweyo, Apple imathandizira zida zake kwa nthawi yayitali. Mwachitsanzo, ngakhale ma iPhone 14s omwe adatulutsidwa mu 6 adzalandira zosintha za iOS 2015. Zoonadi, pali mavuto ena, monga kuchepetsa kukakamizidwa kwa zipangizo zakale, zomwe, zomwe zimati, sizinakukakamizeni kugula foni yatsopano, koma kuwonjezera moyo wa batri yakale ... Koma mulimonsemo, izi ndi zabwino kuposa momwe zilili ndi Android.
Android kwenikweni ndi chilolezo. Android yoyambirira ya Google imangopezeka pazida za Pixel ndi zida za bajeti zomwe zimatenga nawo gawo mu pulogalamu ya Android One. Pazida zina pali zongotengera za Android - EMUI, Flyme OS, MIUI, One UI, ndi zina zambiri. Pachitetezo chazida zam'manja, kusiyanasiyana kumeneku ndi vuto lalikulu.
Mwachitsanzo, "gulu" limapeza chiwopsezo china mu Android kapena zida zamakina zomwe zimayambitsa izi. Chotsatira, chiwopsezocho chimapatsidwa nambala mu nkhokwe ya CVE, wopezayo amalandira mphotho kudzera mu imodzi mwa mapulogalamu abwino a Google, ndipo pokhapo Google imatulutsa chigamba ndikuchiphatikiza pakumasulidwa kwa Android.
Kodi foni yanu idzayipeza ngati si Pixel kapena gawo la pulogalamu ya Android One?
Ngati mudagula chipangizo chatsopano chaka chapitacho, ndiye mwina inde, koma osati nthawi yomweyo. Opanga chipangizo chanu adzafunikabe kuphatikiza chigamba cha Google pakupanga kwawo kwa Android ndikuyesa pazida zothandizidwa. Zitsanzo zapamwamba zimathandizira pang'ono. Wina aliyense ayenera kungovomereza ndipo osawerenga nkhokwe ya CVE m'mawa kuti asawononge chilakolako chawo.
Zomwe zimakhala ndi zosintha zazikulu za Android nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoipitsitsa. Pafupifupi, mtundu watsopano waukulu umafika pazida zam'manja zokhala ndi Android makonda pafupifupi kotala, kapena kupitilira apo. Chifukwa chake zosintha za Android 10 kuchokera ku Google zidatulutsidwa mu Seputembara 2019, ndipo zida zochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana omwe anali ndi mwayi wopeza mwayi wosintha zidalandira mpaka chilimwe cha 2020.
Opanga amatha kumvetsetsa. Kutulutsidwa ndi kuyesa kwa firmware yatsopano ndi mtengo, osati yaying'ono. Ndipo popeza tagula kale zipangizozi, sitidzalandira ndalama zowonjezera.
Zonse zomwe zatsala ndi ... kutikakamiza kuti tigule zipangizo zatsopano.
Zopangidwa ndi Leaky Android kuchokera kwa opanga payekha zidapangitsa Google kusintha kamangidwe ka Android kuti ipereke zosintha zofunikira paokha. Ntchitoyi idatchedwa Google Project Zero, pafupifupi chaka chapitacho adalemba za HabrΓ©. Mbaliyi ndiyatsopano, koma idapangidwa mu zida zonse kuyambira 2019 zomwe zili ndi mautumiki a Google. Anthu ambiri amadziwa kuti mautumikiwa amalipidwa ndi opanga zipangizo, omwe amalipira malipiro kwa Google, koma ochepa amadziwa kuti sizongowonjezera malonda. Kuti mupeze chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito ntchito za Google pa chipangizo china, wopanga ayenera kutumiza firmware yake ku Google kuti iwunikenso. Nthawi yomweyo, Google sivomereza firmware yokhala ndi ma Android akale kuti atsimikizidwe. Izi zimathandiza Google kukankhira Project Zero pamsika, zomwe zipangitsa kuti zida za Android zikhale zotetezeka kwambiri.
Malangizo kwa ogwiritsa ntchito makampani
M'dziko lamakampani, sizinthu zapagulu zokha zomwe zimapezeka pa Google Play ndi App Store zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso mapulogalamu opangidwa kunyumba. Nthawi zina moyo wa ntchito zoterezi umatha panthawi yosayina chiphaso chovomerezeka ndi malipiro a ntchito za omanga pansi pa mgwirizano.
Pamenepa, kuyika zosintha zatsopano za OS nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti ntchito zomwe zachitika zisiye kugwira ntchito. Njira zamabizinesi zimayimitsidwa, ndipo opanga amalembedwanso ntchito mpaka vuto lina litachitika. Zomwezo zimachitika pamene opanga makampani alibe nthawi yosinthira mapulogalamu awo ku OS yatsopano mu nthawi, kapena mtundu watsopano wa pulogalamuyo ulipo kale, koma ogwiritsa ntchito sanayikebe. Makamaka, machitidwe am'kalasi amapangidwa kuti athetse mavuto otere .
Machitidwe a UEM amapereka kasamalidwe ka mafoni ndi mapiritsi, kuyika ndikusintha mapulogalamu pazida za ogwira ntchito m'manja. Kuphatikiza apo, atha kubwezanso mtundu wa pulogalamuyo ngati kuli kofunikira. Kutha kubwezeretsanso mtundu ndi gawo lapadera la machitidwe a UEM. Ngakhale Google Play kapena App Store sizipereka izi.
Makina a UEM amatha kuletsa patali kapena kuchedwetsa zosintha za firmware pazida zam'manja. Makhalidwe amasiyana malinga ndi nsanja ndi wopanga zida. Pa iOS mumayendedwe oyang'aniridwa (werengani za mawonekedwe athu ) mutha kuchedwetsa zosinthazo mpaka masiku 90. Kuti muchite izi, ingokonzani ndondomeko yoyenera yachitetezo.
Pazida za Android zopangidwa ndi Samsung, mutha kuletsa zosintha za firmware kwaulere kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ntchito yowonjezera yolipiridwa E-FOTA One, yomwe mungafotokozere zosintha za OS kuti muyike pa chipangizocho. Izi zimapereka mwayi kwa oyang'anira kuti ayeseretu machitidwe a mabizinesi pa firmware yatsopano ya zida zawo. Pomvetsetsa zovuta za njirayi, timapereka makasitomala athu ntchito yozikidwa pa Samsung E-FOTA One, yomwe imaphatikizapo ntchito zowunika momwe mabizinesi omwe akutsata pazida zomwe kasitomala amagwiritsa ntchito.
Tsoka ilo, palibe magwiridwe ofanana pazida za Android kuchokera kwa opanga ena.
Mutha kuletsa kapena kuchedwetsa zosintha zawo, kupatula mwina mothandizidwa ndi nkhani zoopsa, monga:
"Okondedwa ogwiritsa! Osasintha zida zanu. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti mapulogalamu asagwire ntchito. Ngati lamuloli laphwanyidwa, zopempha zanu ku bungwe lothandizira zaukadaulo SIZINGAKHALAKWE/KUMVETSEDWA!.
Lingaliro lina lina
Tsatirani nkhani ndi mabulogu amakampani kuchokera kwa opanga makina ogwiritsira ntchito, zida ndi nsanja za UEM. Chaka chino Google idaganiza kuchokera pakuthandizira imodzi mwa njira zomwe zingatheke pafoni, zomwe ndi chipangizo choyendetsedwa bwino chokhala ndi mbiri yantchito.
Kumbuyo kwa mutu wautaliwu kuli zochitika izi:
Asanafike Android 10, machitidwe a UEM anali kuyendetsedwa mokwanira chipangizo Π ogwira ntchito mbiri (chotengera), yomwe ili ndi ntchito zamabizinesi ndi data.
Kuyambira ndi Android 11, kuwongolera kwathunthu kumatheka kokha OR chipangizo OR mbiri yogwira ntchito (chotengera).
Google imalongosola zatsopanozi posamala zachinsinsi cha data ya ogwiritsa ntchito ndi chikwama chake. Ngati pali chidebe, ndiye kuti deta ya wogwiritsa ntchitoyo iyenera kukhala kunja kwa mawonekedwe ndi kuwongolera kwa abwana.
M'malo mwake, izi zikutanthauza kuti tsopano ndizosatheka kudziwa komwe kuli zida zamakampani kapena kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu omwe wogwiritsa ntchito amafunikira kuti agwire ntchito, koma safuna kuyika m'chidebe kuti atsimikizire kutetezedwa kwa data yamakampani. Kapena chifukwa cha izi muyenera kusiya chidebecho ...
Google imanena kuti mwayi wopeza malo anuwa walepheretsa 38% ya ogwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa UEM. Tsopano ogulitsa a UEM atsala kuti "adye zomwe apereka."
Takonzekera zatsopano pasadakhale ndipo tidzapereka mtundu watsopano chaka chino , zomwe zidzaganizire zatsopano za Google.
Zodziwika zochepa
Pomaliza, mfundo zochepa zodziwika bwino zakusintha ma OS amafoni.
- Firmware pazida zam'manja nthawi zina imatha kubwezeredwa. Monga kuwunika kwa mawu osakira kumawonetsa, mawu oti "momwe mungabwezeretsere Android" amafufuzidwa nthawi zambiri kuposa "zosintha za Android." Zingatanthauze kuti kuyikapo sikungabwezeretsedwe, koma nthawi zina kumakhala kotheka. Mwaukadaulo, chitetezo chobweza kumbuyo chimakhazikitsidwa ndi kauntala yamkati, yomwe simachulukira ndi mtundu uliwonse wa firmware. Mumtengo umodzi wa counter iyi, kubweza kumakhala kotheka. Izi ndi zomwe Android ikunena. Pa iOS zinthu ndizosiyana pang'ono. Kuchokera patsamba la wopanga (kapena magalasi osawerengeka) mutha kutsitsa chithunzi cha iOS cha mtundu wina wake. Kuti muyike pawaya pogwiritsa ntchito iTunes, Apple iyenera kusaina firmware. Nthawi zambiri, m'masabata angapo oyambilira kutulutsidwa kwa mtundu watsopano wa iOS, Apple imasainira mitundu yam'mbuyomu ya firmware kuti ogwiritsa ntchito omwe zida zawo zili ndi zovuta pambuyo pakusinthako abwerere kumamangidwe okhazikika.
- Panthawi yomwe gulu la ndende linali lisanabalalike kupita kumakampani akuluakulu, zinali zotheka kusintha mtundu wa mtundu wa iOS womwe ukuwonetsedwa mumndandanda umodzi wamakina. Kotero zinali zotheka, mwachitsanzo, kupanga iOS 6.2 kuchokera ku iOS 6.3 ndi kumbuyo. Tidzakuuzani chifukwa chake izi zinali zofunika m'nkhani yotsatirayi.
- Chikondi chapadziko lonse cha opanga pulogalamu ya Odin smartphone firmware ndi chodziwikiratu. Chida chabwino kwambiri chowunikira sichinapangidwe.
Lembani, tikambirane...mwina tikhoza kuthandiza.
Source: www.habr.com