Tikupitiriza kumizidwa m'dziko lochititsa chidwi la kulosera ... kuthetsa mavuto ndi zipika. MU tinagwirizana pa tanthauzo la mawu oyambira ndikuyang'ana mawonekedwe onse a Veeam ngati ntchito imodzi ndi diso limodzi. Ntchito ya uyu ndikuwona momwe mafayilo a log amapangidwira, mtundu wanji wa chidziwitso chomwe chikuwonetsedwa mwa iwo ndi chifukwa chake amawoneka momwe amawonekera.
Mukuganiza kuti "mipika" iyi ndi chiyani? Malingana ndi ambiri, zipika za ntchito iliyonse ziyenera kupatsidwa udindo wa mtundu wa mphamvu zonse zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamera kwinakwake kuseri kwa nyumba, koma panthawi yoyenera zimawoneka mosadziwika bwino ndi zida zowala ndikupulumutsa aliyense. Ndiye kuti, ziyenera kukhala ndi chilichonse, kuyambira pa zolakwika zazing'ono pagawo lililonse kupita kuzinthu zachinsinsi. Ndipo kotero kuti pambuyo pa cholakwikacho idalembedwa nthawi yomweyo momwe ingakonzerenso. Ndipo zonsezi ziyenera kukwanira mu ma megabytes angapo, osatinso. Ndi mawu chabe! Mafayilo olembera sangathe kutenga ma gigabytes makumi, ndinamva kwinakwake!
Choncho matabwa
M'dziko lenileni, zipika zimangokhala malo osungiramo zidziwitso zamatenda. Ndipo zomwe ziyenera kusungidwa pamenepo, komwe mungapeze zambiri zosungirako komanso momwe ziyenera kukhalira, zili kwa opanga okha kuti asankhe. Wina amatsata njira ya minimalism posunga zolemba za ON / OFF, ndipo wina amatenga mwachangu chilichonse chomwe angafikire. Ngakhale palinso njira yapakatikati yokhala ndi mwayi wosankha zomwe zimatchedwa Logging Level, pamene inu nokha mumasonyeza mwatsatanetsatane zambiri zomwe mukufuna kusunga komanso kuchuluka kwa malo owonjezera a disk =) VBR ili ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi, mwa njira. Ndipo, ndikhulupirireni, simukufuna kuwona zomwe zimachitika ndikudula mitengo mwatsatanetsatane ndi malo aulere pa disk yanu.
Chabwino. Tidamvetsetsa bwino zomwe tikufuna kupulumutsa, koma funso lovomerezeka limabuka: kuti chidziwitsochi chimachokera kuti? Zachidziwikire, timapanga gawo la zochitika zodzidula tokha ndi njira zathu zamkati. Koma chochita ngati pali kuyanjana ndi chilengedwe chakunja? Pofuna kuti asalowe m'malo otsetsereka a ndodo ndi njinga, Veeam amakonda kusapanga zinthu zomwe zidapangidwa kale. Nthawi zonse pakakhala API yokonzeka, ntchito yomangidwa, laibulale, ndi zina zambiri, tidzasankha zosankha zomwe zapangidwa kale tisanayambe kutchingira zopinga zathu. Ngakhale yotsirizirayo ndi yokwanira. Chifukwa chake, posanthula zipika, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti zolakwika za mkango zimagwera pa mauthenga ochokera ku ma API a chipani chachitatu, mafoni amtundu, ndi malaibulale ena. Pankhaniyi, udindo wa VBR umatsikira pakutumiza zolakwika izi monga momwe zilili mafayilo a log. Ndipo ntchito yayikulu ya wogwiritsa ntchito ndikumvetsetsa kuti ndi mzere uti womwe umachokera kwa ndani, komanso "ndani" yemwe ali ndi udindo. Chifukwa chake ngati cholakwika chochokera pa chipika cha VBR chikutengerani patsamba la MSDN, zili bwino komanso zolondola.
Monga tidavomerezana kale: Veeam ndizomwe zimatchedwa SQL-based application. Izi zikutanthauza kuti makonda onse, zidziwitso zonse komanso zonse zomwe zimangofunika kuti zizigwira ntchito bwino - zonse zimasungidwa munkhokwe yake. Chifukwa chake chowonadi chosavuta: zomwe sizili m'zipika ndizomwe zimakhala mu database. Koma ichi si chipolopolo cha siliva mwinanso: zinthu zina sizili mu zipika zakomweko za zigawo za Veeam, kapena m'nkhokwe yake. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungawerengere zipika zokhala nawo, zipika zamakina am'deralo ndi zipika za chilichonse chomwe chimakhudzidwa ndi zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi kubwezeretsa. Ndipo zimachitikanso kuti chidziwitso chofunikira sichipezeka paliponse. Ndiyo njira.
Zitsanzo zina za ma API otere
Mndandandawu sufuna kuti ukhale wokwanira mwapadera, kotero palibe chifukwa choyang'ana chowonadi chenichenicho. Cholinga chake ndikungowonetsa ma API a chipani chachitatu ndi matekinoloje omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazogulitsa zathu.
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi VMware.
Choyamba pa mndandanda chidzakhala vSphere API. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira, kuwerenga maulamuliro, kupanga ndi kufufuta zithunzithunzi, kupempha zambiri zamakina, ndi zina zambiri (zambiri). Magwiridwe a yankho ndi ambiri, kotero ine ndikhoza kulangiza VMware vSphere API Reference kwa Baibulo. ΠΈ . Kuti mumve zambiri zaposachedwa, chilichonse chimangopangidwa ndi google.
VIX API. Matsenga akuda a hypervisor, omwe ali osiyana . VMware API yogwira ntchito ndi mafayilo omwe ali pagulu popanda kulumikizana nawo pamaneti. Kusintha komaliza mukafuna kuyika fayilo pamakina omwe mulibe njira yabwino yolumikizirana. Zimakhala zowawa komanso zowawa ngati fayiloyo ndi yayikulu ndipo wolandirayo watsitsidwa. Koma apa lamulo limagwira ntchito kuti ngakhale 56,6 KB / s ndi yabwino kuposa 0 KB / s. Mu Hyper-V, chinthu ichi chimatchedwa PowerShell Direct. Koma izi zinali kale
vSpehere Web Services API Kuyambira vSphere 6.0 (pafupifupi, popeza API iyi idayambitsidwa koyamba pa mtundu 5.5) imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makina a alendo ndipo yalowa m'malo mwa VIX pafupifupi kulikonse. Ndipotu, iyi ndi API ina yoyendetsera vSphere. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi, ndikupangira kuphunzira buku.
Chithunzi cha VDDK (Virtual Disk Development Kit). Laibulale, yomwe idakambidwa pang'ono mu izi . Amagwiritsidwa ntchito powerenga ma disks enieni. Kalekale inali gawo la VIX, koma patapita nthawi idasinthidwa kukhala chinthu chosiyana. Koma monga wolowa m'malo, imagwiritsa ntchito zolakwika zomwezo monga VIX. Koma pazifukwa zina, palibe kufotokoza za zolakwika izi mu SDK yokha. Chifukwa chake, zidadziwika mwamphamvu kuti zolakwika za VDDK ndi ma code ena amangomasulira kuchokera ku binary kupita ku nambala ya decimal. Amakhala ndi magawo awiri - theka loyamba ndi chidziwitso chosadziwika bwino, ndipo gawo lachiwiri ndi zolakwika zachikhalidwe za VIX / VDDK. Mwachitsanzo, ngati tiwona:
VDDK error: 21036749815809.Unknown error
Ndiye ife molimba mtima timatembenuza izi kukhala hex ndikupeza 132200000001. Timangotaya chiyambi chosadziwika cha 132200, ndipo chotsaliracho chidzakhala cholakwika chathu (VDDK 1: Cholakwika chosadziwika). Za zolakwika za VDDK zomwe zimachitika pafupipafupi, panali posachedwapa zosiyana .
Tsopano tiyeni tiwone Mawindo.
Apa, chilichonse chomwe chili chofunikira komanso chofunikira kwambiri kwa ife chingapezeke muyeso Chiwonetsero cha Chiwonetsero. Koma pali nsomba imodzi: malinga ndi mwambo wautali, Windows salemba zolemba zonse za zolakwika, koma chiwerengero chake chokha. Mwachitsanzo, cholakwika 5 ndi "Kufikira kwatsutsidwa", ndipo 1722 ndi "Seva ya RPC sikupezeka", ndipo 10060 ndi "Kulumikizana kwatha". Inde, ndi zabwino ngati mukukumbukira otchuka kwambiri, koma bwanji za zosawoneka mpaka pano?
Ndipo kuti moyo usawoneke ngati uchi konse, zolakwika zimasungidwa mu mawonekedwe a hexadecimal, ndi prefix 0x8007. Mwachitsanzo, 0x8007000e kwenikweni ndi 14, Out of Memory. Chifukwa chiyani komanso kwa ndani izi zidachitikira ndi chinsinsi chomwe chili mumdima. Komabe, mndandanda wathunthu wa zolakwika zitha kutsitsidwa kwaulere komanso popanda SMS kuchokera .
Mwa njira, nthawi zina pamakhala ma prefixes ena, osati 0x8007 okha. Zikakhala zomvetsa chisoni, kuti mumvetsetse HRESULT ("chogwirira chotsatira"), muyenera kuzama mozama. kwa opanga. M'moyo wamba, sindikukulangizani kuti muchite izi, koma ngati mwadzidzidzi munakankhira khoma kapena mukungofuna kudziwa, tsopano mukudziwa zoyenera kuchita.
Koma a comrades ku Microsoft anatimvera chisoni pang'ono ndikuwonetsa dziko lapansi zothandiza . Ichi ndi gawo laling'ono lachisangalalo lomwe limatha kumasulira zolakwika kukhala anthu osagwiritsa ntchito Google. Zimagwira ntchito motere.
C:UsersrootDesktop>err.exe 0x54f
# for hex 0x54f / decimal 1359
ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR winerror.h
# An internal error occurred.
# as an HRESULT: Severity: SUCCESS (0), FACILITY_NULL (0x0), Code 0x54f
# for hex 0x54f / decimal 1359
ERROR_INTERNAL_ERROR winerror.h
# An internal error occurred.
# 2 matches found for "0x54f"Funso lovomerezeka likubuka: chifukwa chiyani sitilemba nthawi yomweyo kumasulira kwa zipika, koma kusiya ma code odabwitsawa? Yankho lili mu mapulogalamu a chipani chachitatu. Mukakoka WinAPI kudziyitanira nokha, sikovuta kufotokoza yankho lake, chifukwa palinso kuyimba kwapadera kwa WinAPI pa izi. Koma monga tanenera kale, zonse zomwe zimangobwera kwa ife poyankha zimalowa muzolemba zathu. Ndipo apa, kuti afotokozere, munthu amayenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse, kuchotsa zidutswa zomwe zili ndi zolakwika za Windows, kuzilemba ndikuziyikanso. Tinene zoona, osati ntchito yosangalatsa kwambiri.
Windows File Management API amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zonse zotheka pogwira ntchito ndi mafayilo. Kupanga mafayilo, kufufuta, kutsegula zolemba, kugwira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe, ndi zina zotero.
zotchulidwa pamwambapa PowerShell Direct monga analogue ya VIX API m'dziko la Hyper-V. Tsoka ilo, sizosinthika kwambiri: zoletsa zambiri pa magwiridwe antchito, sizigwira ntchito ndi mtundu uliwonse wa wolandila osati ndi alendo onse.
CPR (Remote Procedure Call) sindikuganiza kuti pali munthu m'modzi yemwe adagwirapo ntchito ndi WIndows yemwe sanawone zolakwika zokhudzana ndi RPC. Ngakhale malingaliro olakwika ambiri, iyi si protocol imodzi, koma protocol ya kasitomala-server yomwe imakwaniritsa magawo angapo. Komabe, ngati pali cholakwika cha RPC muzolemba zathu, 90% ya nthawiyo idzakhala zolakwika kuchokera ku Microsoft RPC, yomwe ili gawo la DCOM (Distributed Component Object Model). Mutha kupeza zolemba zambiri pamutuwu paukonde, koma gawo la mkango ndilakale kwambiri. Koma ngati pali chikhumbo chofuna kuphunzira mutuwo, ndiye kuti ndikhoza kulangiza zolemba , ndi mndandanda wautali .
Zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika za RPC muzolemba zathu ndizolephera kuyesa kulumikizana pakati pa zigawo za VBR (seva> proxy, mwachitsanzo) ndipo nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha zovuta zoyankhulana.
Pamwamba pa nsonga zonse ndi cholakwika Seva ya RPC siyikupezeka (1722). Mwachidule, kasitomala sakanatha kukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi seva. Motani komanso chifukwa chiyani - palibe yankho limodzi, koma nthawi zambiri limakhala vuto ndi kutsimikizika kapena kulumikizana ndi netiweki ku doko 135. Chotsatirachi ndi chofanana ndi zomangira zomwe zimakhala ndi doko lokhazikika. Pamutu uwu, pali ngakhale . Ndipo Microsoft idatero kuti apeze chifukwa chakulephera.
Cholakwika chachiwiri chodziwika bwino: Palibenso malekezero omwe akupezeka kuchokera pamapu omaliza (1753). Makasitomala a RPC kapena seva yalephera kudzipatsa yokha doko. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamene seva (kwa ife, makina a alendo) yakhazikitsidwa kuti igawanitse madoko kuchokera pamndandanda wopapatiza womwe watha. Ndipo ngati mutalowa kuchokera kumbali ya kasitomala (kwa ife, seva ya VBR), izi zikutanthauza kuti VeeamVssAgent yathu mwina sinayambe kapena sanalembetsedwe ngati mawonekedwe a RPC. Palinso pamutuwu .
Chabwino, kuti mutsirize zolakwika 3 za RPC, tiyeni tikumbukire kuyimba kwa RPC kunalephera (1726). Zikuwoneka ngati kulumikizana kwakhazikitsidwa, koma zopempha za RPC sizikukonzedwa. Mwachitsanzo, timapempha zambiri zokhudza momwe VSS imakhalira (mwadzidzidzi pakali pano mgodi wamthunzi ukupangidwa kumeneko, ndipo tikuyesera kukwera), ndipo poyankha ife, khalani chete ndi kunyalanyaza.
Windows Tape Backup API zofunika kugwira ntchito ndi matepi malaibulale kapena zoyendetsa. Monga ndanenera poyamba: sitisangalala kulemba madalaivala athu ndikuvutika ndi chithandizo cha chipangizo chilichonse. Chifukwa chake, vim ilibe madalaivala akeake. Zonse kudzera mu API yokhazikika, chithandizo chomwe chimayendetsedwa ndi ogulitsa ma hardware okha. Zambiri zomveka, chabwino?
SMB / CIFS MwachizoloΕ΅ezi, aliyense amawalemba pambali, ngakhale kuti si onse omwe amakumbukira kuti CIFS (Common Internet File System) ndi mtundu wachinsinsi wa SMB (Server Message Block). Choncho palibe cholakwika ndi kubwereza mfundo zimenezi. Samba ndi kale kukhazikitsidwa kwa LinuxUnix, ndipo ili ndi mawonekedwe ake, koma ndimasiya. Chofunika apa: pamene Veeam akufunsa kuti alembe chinachake ku njira ya UNC (serverdirectory), seva imagwiritsa ntchito utsogoleri wa madalaivala a fayilo, kuphatikizapo mup ndi mrxsmb, kulembera mpira. Chifukwa chake, madalaivala awa adzapanganso zolakwika.
Sindingachite popanda Winsock API. Ngati chinachake chiyenera kuchitika pa intaneti, VBR imagwira ntchito kudzera mu Windows Socket API, yomwe imadziwika kuti Winsock. Chifukwa chake ngati tiwona gulu la IP: Port mu chipika, ndi ichi. Zolemba zovomerezeka zili ndi mndandanda wabwino wa zotheka .
zotchulidwa pamwambapa WMI (Windows Management Instrumentation) ndi mtundu wa API wamphamvuyonse wowongolera chilichonse ndi aliyense mu Windows. Mwachitsanzo, pogwira ntchito ndi Hyper-V, pafupifupi zopempha zonse kwa wolandirayo zimadutsamo. Mwachidule, chinthucho ndi chosasinthika komanso champhamvu kwambiri mu kuthekera kwake. Pofuna kuthandizira kudziwa komwe ndi komwe kwasweka, chida chomangidwa mu WBEMtest.exe chimathandiza kwambiri.
Ndipo omaliza pamndandanda, koma osafunikira kwenikweni - vesi (Volume Shadow Storage). Mutuwu ndi wosatha komanso wodabwitsa monga momwe zolemba zambiri zalembedwerapo. Shadow Copy imamveka mosavuta ngati chithunzi chapadera, chomwe kwenikweni ndi. Chifukwa cha iye, mutha kupanga zosunga zobwezeretsera mu VMware, ndipo pafupifupi chilichonse mu Hyper-V. Ndili ndi mapulani opangira nkhani yosiyana ndikufinya pa VSS, koma pakadali pano mutha kuyesa kuwerenga . Ingokhalani osamala, chifukwa. kuyesa kumvetsetsa VSS mu flash kungayambitse kuvulala kwa ubongo.
Pa izi, mwina, tikhoza kusiya. Ndikuwona ntchito yofotokozera zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zatsirizidwa, kotero m'mutu wotsatira tiwona kale zipika. Koma ngati muli ndi mafunso, omasuka kuwafunsa mu ndemanga.
Source: www.habr.com