Kuchokera kwa Selectel: Nkhaniyi ndi yoyamba pamndandanda wamatanthauzidwe a nkhani yatsatanetsatane ya zolemba zala za msakatuli komanso momwe ukadaulo umagwirira ntchito. Nazi zonse zomwe mumafuna kudziwa, koma mukuwopa kufunsa pamutuwu.
Kodi zisindikizo za msakatuli ndi chiyani?
Iyi ndi njira yomwe mawebusayiti ndi mautumiki amagwiritsidwira ntchito potsata alendo. Ogwiritsa amapatsidwa chizindikiritso chapadera (zala zala). Lili ndi zambiri zokhudza owerenga 'osatsegula zoikamo ndi mphamvu, amene ntchito kuzindikira iwo. Kuphatikiza apo, zolemba zala za msakatuli zimalola mawebusayiti kuti azitsata machitidwe kuti athe kuzindikira ogwiritsa ntchito molondola kwambiri pambuyo pake.
Zapadera ndizofanana ndi zala zala zenizeni. Otsatira okha ndi omwe amasonkhanitsidwa ndi apolisi kuti afufuze anthu omwe akuwakayikira. Koma msakatuli zala zala luso si ntchito younikira zigawenga konse. Kupatula apo, sitiri zigawenga kuno eti?
Kodi zala za msakatuli zimasonkhanitsa chiyani?
Mfundo yakuti munthu akhoza kutsatiridwa ndi IP, tinadziwa kumayambiriro kwa intaneti. Koma mu nkhani iyi, zonse ndi zovuta kwambiri. Zolemba za msakatuli zili ndi adilesi ya IP, koma izi ndizotalikirana ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri. M'malo mwake, simufunika IP kuti ikudziweni.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku , zala za msakatuli zikuphatikizapo:
- Wogwiritsa ntchito (kuphatikiza osati msakatuli wokha, komanso mtundu wa OS, mtundu wa chipangizocho, makonda achilankhulo, zida, ndi zina).
- Zone nthawi.
- Kusintha kwazithunzi ndi kuya kwamtundu.
- supercookies.
- Zokonda za cookie.
- Mafonti a System.
- Mapulagini osatsegula ndi mitundu yawo.
- Pitani patsamba.
Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa EFF, zala zapadera za msakatuli ndizokwera kwambiri. Ngati tilankhula za ziwerengero, ndiye kamodzi kokha pamilandu 286777 pomwe mafananidwe a zala za osatsegula a ogwiritsa ntchito awiri osiyana zimachitika.
Malinga ndi zambiri , kulondola kwa chizindikiritso cha ogwiritsa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chala chamsakatuli ndi 99,24%. Kusintha makonda a msakatuli kumachepetsa kulondola kwa chizindikiritso cha ogwiritsa ntchito ndi 0,3% yokha. Pali zoyesa zala za msakatuli zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa.
Momwe zolemba zala za msakatuli zimagwirira ntchito
Chifukwa chiyani ndizotheka kusonkhanitsa zambiri za msakatuli? Ndi zophweka - msakatuli wanu amalumikizana ndi seva yapaintaneti mukapempha adilesi ya webusayiti. Munthawi yanthawi zonse, masamba ndi ntchito zimapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito chizindikiritso chapadera.
Mwachitsanzo, "gh5d443ghjflr123ff556ggf".
Mndandanda wa zilembo ndi manambala osankhidwa mwachisawawa zimathandiza seva kukuzindikirani ndikugwirizanitsa msakatuli wanu ndi zomwe mumakonda. Zomwe mumachita pa intaneti zidzaperekedwa pafupifupi ma code omwewo.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mwalowa mu Twitter, pomwe pali zambiri za inu, izi zonse zimalumikizidwa ndi chizindikiritso chomwecho.
Zachidziwikire, izi sizikhala ndi inu masiku anu onse. Mukayamba kusefa kuchokera pa chipangizo china kapena msakatuli wina, ndiye kuti chizindikiritso chidzasinthanso.
Kodi mawebusaiti amasonkhanitsa bwanji deta ya ogwiritsa ntchito?
Izi ndi njira ziwiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito kumbali zonse za seva komanso mbali ya kasitomala.
Mbali ya seva
Zolemba zolowera patsamba
Pankhaniyi, tikukamba za kusonkhanitsa deta yotumizidwa ndi osatsegula. Osachepera izi:
- Protocol yofunsidwa.
- Ulalo womwe wafunsidwa.
- IP yanu.
- wolemba.
- wogwiritsa ntchito.
Maina audindo
Ma seva amalandila kuchokera ku msakatuli wanu. Mitu ndiyofunikira chifukwa imakulolani kuti mutsimikizire kuti tsamba lomwe mwapemphedwa likugwira ntchito ndi msakatuli wanu.
Mwachitsanzo, zomwe zili pamutu zimadziwitsa tsambalo ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito kompyuta kapena foni yam'manja. Kachiwiri, kuwongolera kudzachitika ku mtundu wokometsedwa pazida zam'manja. Tsoka ilo, deta yomweyi idzakhala mu zala zanu.
Ma cookie
Zonse ndi zomveka apa. Ma seva a pa intaneti nthawi zonse amasinthanitsa makeke ndi asakatuli. Ngati mungatchule kuthekera kogwira ntchito ndi ma cookie pazikhazikiko, amasungidwa pa chipangizo chanu ndikutumizidwa ku seva nthawi zonse mukapita patsamba lomwe mudapitako kale.
Ma cookie amakuthandizani kuti mufufuze momasuka, komanso amawulula zambiri za inu.
Canvas Fingerprinting
Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito chinthu cha HTML5 canvas, chomwe WebGL amagwiritsanso ntchito popereka zithunzi za 2D ndi 3D mu msakatuli.
Njira iyi nthawi zambiri "imakakamiza" osatsegula kuti apereke zithunzi, kuphatikiza zithunzi, zolemba, kapena zonse ziwiri. Kwa inu, njirayi ndi yosaoneka, popeza zonse zimachitika kumbuyo.
Ntchitoyi ikamalizidwa, zolemba zala za canvas zimasintha zithunzizo kukhala hashi, zomwe zimakhala chizindikiritso chapadera chomwe takambirana pamwambapa.
Njirayi imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zambiri za chipangizo chanu:
- adaputala zithunzi.
- Graphics adaputala driver.
- Purosesa (ngati palibe chip chodzipatulira chojambula).
- Mafonti oyika.
Kudula mitengo kumbali ya kasitomala
Izi zikutanthauza kuti msakatuli wanu akusinthana zambiri chifukwa:
Adobe Flash ndi JavaScript
Malinga ndi FAQ , ngati mwayatsa JavaScript, ndiye kuti zambiri za mapulagini anu kapena za hardware zimatumizidwa kunja.
Ngati Flash yayikidwa ndikuyatsidwa, izi zimapereka "wowonera" wachitatu ndi zina zambiri, kuphatikiza:
- Nthawi yanu.
- Mtundu wa OS.
- Kusintha kwazenera.
- Mndandanda wathunthu wamafonti omwe adayikidwa mudongosolo.
Ma cookie
Amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakudula mitengo. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri mumafunika kusankha ngati mungalole msakatuli wanu kuti azigwira ma cookie kapena kuwachotsa kwathunthu.
Poyamba, seva yapaintaneti imalandira zidziwitso zambiri za chipangizo chanu ndi zomwe mumakonda. Ngati simuvomereza makeke, masamba adzalandirabe zambiri za msakatuli wanu.
Chifukwa chiyani timafunikira ukadaulo wa zala za osatsegula?
Kwenikweni, kuti wogwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho alandire tsamba lokonzedwa bwino lachipangizo chake, mosasamala kanthu kuti adalowa pa intaneti kuchokera pa tabuleti kapena foni yam'manja.
Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsatsa. Ndi chabe wangwiro deta migodi chida.
Mwachitsanzo, atalandira zambiri zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa ndi seva, ogulitsa katundu kapena mautumiki amatha kupanga makampeni otsatsa omwe amayang'ana kwambiri ndi makonda. Kulondola kutsata ndikwambiri kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito ma adilesi a IP okha.
Mwachitsanzo, otsatsa amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zala za msakatuli kuti apeze mndandanda wa ogwiritsa ntchito tsamba lawo omwe mawonekedwe awo a skrini angafotokozedwe kuti ndi otsika (monga 1300*768) omwe akufunafuna oyang'anira bwino pasitolo yapaintaneti ya ogulitsa. Kapena ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amangotsegula tsambalo popanda cholinga chogula chilichonse.
Zomwe zapezedwa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutsata zotsatsa zapamwamba kwambiri, zowunikira kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi chiwonetsero chaching'ono komanso chachikale.
Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo wa zala za msakatuli umagwiritsidwanso ntchito:
- Chinyengo ndi kuzindikira kwa botnet. Izi ndi zothandiza kwambiri kwa mabanki ndi mabungwe azachuma. Amakulolani kuti mulekanitse machitidwe a ogwiritsa ntchito ndi omwe akuukira.
- Tanthauzo la VPN ndi ogwiritsa ntchito proxy. Mabungwe anzeru angagwiritse ntchito njirayi kuti afufuze ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti ndi ma adilesi obisika a IP.
Pamapeto pake, ngakhale zolemba zala za msakatuli zitagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zovomerezeka, ndizoyipa kwambiri pazinsinsi za ogwiritsa ntchito. Makamaka ngati omaliza akuyesera kudziteteza ndi VPN.
Komanso, osatsegula zala zala akhoza kukhala owononga bwenzi lapamtima. Ngati akudziwa zenizeni za chipangizo chanu, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera kuti awononge chipangizocho. Palibe chovuta pa izi - cybercriminal iliyonse imatha kupanga tsamba labodza ndi zolemba zala.
Kumbukirani kuti nkhaniyi ndi gawo loyamba, pali ena awiri omwe akubwera. Amakambirana za kuvomerezeka kwa kusonkhanitsa deta ya anthu ogwiritsa ntchito, mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito izi ndi njira zodzitetezera kwa "otolera" omwe amagwira ntchito kwambiri.
Source: www.habr.com