Zala za msakatuli: zomwe zili, momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ngati zikuphwanya malamulo komanso momwe mungadzitetezere. Gawo 2

Kuchokera ku Selectel: ili ndi gawo lachiwiri la kumasulira kwa nkhani yokhudza zala za msakatuli (mukhoza kuwerenga woyamba apa). Lero tikambirana za kuvomerezeka kwa mautumiki a chipani chachitatu ndi mawebusaiti omwe amasonkhanitsa zala za osatsegula za ogwiritsa ntchito osiyanasiyana komanso momwe mungadzitetezere kuti musasonkhanitse zambiri.

Nanga bwanji kuvomerezeka kwa kusonkhanitsa zala za osatsegula?

Tinaphunzira nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane, koma sitinapeze malamulo enieni (tikulankhula za malamulo a US - zolemba za mkonzi). Ngati mungazindikire malamulo aliwonse omwe amatsogolera kusonkhanitsa zala za msakatuli m'dziko lanu, chonde tiwuzeni.

Koma ku European Union pali malamulo ndi malangizo (makamaka, GDPR ndi ePrivacy Directive) omwe amawongolera kugwiritsa ntchito zala za msakatuli. Izi ndizovomerezeka kwathunthu, koma pokhapokha ngati bungwe lingatsimikizire kufunikira kochita ntchito yotere.

Kuphatikiza apo, chilolezo cha wogwiritsa ntchito chimafunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitsocho. Ndi zoona, pali ziwiri zosiyana kuchokera pa lamulo ili:

• Pamene chosindikizira chala cha msakatuli chikufunika pa "cholinga chokhacho chotumizira uthenga pa netiweki yolumikizirana pamagetsi."
• Pamene kusonkhanitsa osatsegula zala zala chofunika kusintha wosuta mawonekedwe a chipangizo. Mwachitsanzo, mukamatsegula pa intaneti kuchokera pa foni yam'manja, ukadaulo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa ndi kusanthula zala za msakatuli wanu kuti akupatseni mtundu womwe mwamakonda.

Mwachionekere, malamulo ofanana ndi ameneŵa amagwiranso ntchito m’maiko ena. Chifukwa chake mfundo yofunika apa ndikuti ntchito kapena tsamba likufunika chilolezo cha wogwiritsa ntchito kuti agwire ntchito ndi zolemba zala osatsegula.

Koma pali vuto - funso silimamveka bwino nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri, wogwiritsa ntchito amangowonetsedwa banner "Ndikuvomereza zogwiritsiridwa ntchito". Inde, banner nthawi zonse imakhala ndi ulalo wa mawu omwewo. Koma amawerenga ndani?

Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri wogwiritsa ntchito mwiniwake amapereka chilolezo chosonkhanitsa zala za msakatuli ndikusanthula chidziwitsochi akadina batani la "kuvomereza".

Yesani zala za msakatuli wanu

Chabwino, pamwambapa takambirana zomwe deta ingasonkhanitsidwe. Koma bwanji za vuto lenileni - msakatuli wanu?

Kuti mumvetse zomwe zingasonkhanitsidwe ndi chithandizo chake, njira yosavuta ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito gwero Zambiri Zida. Ikuwonetsani zomwe munthu wakunja angapeze kuchokera pa msakatuli wanu.

Mukuwona mndandanda womwe uli kumanzere? Sizokhazo, mndandanda wonsewo udzawonekera pamene mukutsitsa tsambalo. Mzinda ndi dera sizikuwonetsedwa pazenera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito VPN ndi olemba.

Pali masamba ena angapo omwe amakuthandizani kuyesa zala za msakatuli. Izi Panopticlick kuchokera ku EFF ndi AmIUnique, tsamba lotseguka.

Kodi entropy ya chala cha msakatuli ndi chiyani?

Uku ndikuwunika kwapadera kwa msakatuli wanu zala zala. Kukwera kwa mtengo wa entropy, kumapangitsa kuti msakatuli akhale wosiyana.

Entropy ya chala cha msakatuli imayezedwa pang'ono. Mutha kuwona chizindikirochi patsamba la Panopticlick.

Kodi mayesowa ndi olondola bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, amatha kudaliridwa chifukwa amasonkhanitsa deta yofanana ndi zida za chipani chachitatu. Izi zili choncho ngati tiwunika kusonkhanitsa mfundo mfundo imodzi.

Ngati tikambirana za kuyesa kwapadera, ndiye kuti si zonse zomwe zili bwino apa, ndipo chifukwa chake:

• Malo oyesera samaganizira zala zala mwachisawawa, zomwe zitha kupezeka, mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito Brave Nightly.
• Masamba ngati Panopticlick ndi AmIUnique ali ndi zolemba zazikulu zomwe zimakhala ndi asakatuli akale ndi achikale omwe ogwiritsa ntchito adatsimikiziridwa. Chifukwa chake ngati muyesa ndi msakatuli watsopano, mupeza mwayi wopeza zala zanu zapadera, ngakhale mazana ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito akugwiritsa ntchito msakatuli womwewo ngati inu.
• Pomaliza, saganiziranso kusintha kwazenera kapena kusintha kwazenera. Mwachitsanzo, zilembo zingakhale zazikulu kwambiri kapena zazing’ono, kapena mtundu wake ukhoza kuchititsa kuti mawuwo akhale ovuta kuwerenga. Ziribe chifukwa chake, mayeso samaganizira.

Nthawi zambiri, kuyezetsa zala zapadera sizothandiza. Ndikoyenera kuwayesa kuti mudziwe mulingo wanu wa entropy. Koma ndi bwino kungoyang'ana zomwe mukupereka "kutulutsa".

Momwe mungadzitetezere ku zolemba zala za osatsegula (njira zosavuta)

Ndikoyenera kunena nthawi yomweyo kuti sikungatheke kuletsa mapangidwe ndi kusonkhanitsa zala za msakatuli - iyi ndiukadaulo woyambira. Ngati mukufuna kudziteteza 100%, simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti.

Koma kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso chomwe chimasonkhanitsidwa ndi mautumiki a chipani chachitatu ndi zothandizira zitha kuchepetsedwa. Apa ndi pamene zida izi zidzathandiza.

Msakatuli wa Firefox wokhala ndi zosintha zosinthidwa

Msakatuli uyu ndi wabwino kwambiri kuteteza deta ya ogwiritsa ntchito. Posachedwapa, opanga adateteza ogwiritsa ntchito Firefox kuti asasindikize zala za gulu lina.

Koma mlingo wa chitetezo ukhoza kuwonjezeka. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kupita ku zoikamo za msakatuli wanu polowetsa "za: config" mu bar address. Kenako sankhani ndikusintha zotsatirazi:

• webgl.oletsedwa - sankhani "zoona".
• geo.iyimitsidwa - sankhani "zabodza".
• zachinsinsi.resistFingerprinting - sankhani "zoona". Kusankha kumeneku kumapereka chitetezo chokwanira ku zolemba zala za msakatuli. Koma ndizothandiza kwambiri posankha njira zina pamndandanda.
• zachinsinsi.firstparty.kudzipatula - kusintha kukhala "zoona". Izi zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mutseke ma cookie kuchokera kumadomeni agulu loyamba.
• media.peerconnection.enabled - njira yosankha, koma ngati mutagwira ntchito ndi VPN, ndikofunikira kusankha. Zimapangitsa kuti mupewe kutulutsa kwa WebRTC ndikuwonetsa IP yanu.

Msakatuli Wolimba Mtima

Msakatuli wina yemwe ndi wosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo amapereka chitetezo chambiri pazambiri zanu. Msakatuli amaletsa ma tracker amitundu yosiyanasiyana, amagwiritsa ntchito HTTPS ngati kuli kotheka, ndikuletsa zolemba.

Kuphatikiza apo, Brave imakupatsani mwayi woletsa zida zambiri zolembera zala osatsegula.

Tidagwiritsa ntchito Panopticlick kuyerekeza mulingo wa entropy. Poyerekeza ndi Opera, zidakhala 16.31 bits m'malo mwa 17.89. Kusiyana sikuli kwakukulu, koma kudakalipo.

Ogwiritsa ntchito olimba mtima abwera ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zotetezera ku zolemba zala za osatsegula. Pali zambiri zomwe sizingatheke kuzilemba m'nkhani imodzi. Zambiri kupezeka pa Github polojekiti.

Zowonjezera msakatuli wapadera

Zowonjezera ndi mutu wovuta chifukwa nthawi zina zimawonjezera zala za osatsegula. Kaya azigwiritsa ntchito kapena ayi ndi kusankha kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

Nazi zomwe tingapangire:

• Chameleon - kusinthidwa kwa mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito. Mutha kukhazikitsa pafupipafupi kuti "kamodzi mphindi 10 zilizonse", mwachitsanzo.
• Tsatirani - Kutetezedwa kumitundu yosiyanasiyana yotolera zala.
• Wosintha-Agent Switcher - amachita chimodzimodzi ndi Chameleon.
• Canvasblocker - chitetezo kuti musatolere zidindo za digito kuchokera pansalu.

Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito chowonjezera chimodzi osati zonse nthawi imodzi.

Msakatuli wopanda Tor Network

Palibe chifukwa chofotokozera Habré chomwe msakatuli wa Tor ndi. Mwachikhazikitso, imapereka zida zingapo zotetezera deta yanu:

• HTTPS kulikonse komanso kulikonse.
• NoScript.
• Kuletsa WebGl.
• Kuletsa kuchotsa zithunzi za canvas.
• Kusintha mtundu wa OS.
• Kuletsa zambiri za nthawi yanthawi ndi makonda achilankhulo.
• Ntchito zina zonse kuletsa zida zowunikira.

Koma netiweki ya Tor siyosangalatsa ngati msakatuli weniweni. Ndichifukwa chake:

• Zimagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Ichi ndi chifukwa pali pafupifupi 6 zikwi maseva, koma pafupifupi 2 miliyoni ogwiritsa.
• Masamba ambiri amaletsa magalimoto a Tor, monga Netflix.
• Pali kutayikira kwa chidziwitso chamunthu, chimodzi mwazovuta kwambiri chinachitika mu 2017.
• Tor ali ndi ubale wachilendo ndi boma la US - akhoza kutchedwa mgwirizano wapamtima. Kuonjezera apo, boma ndi zachuma amathandiza Tor.
• Mutha kulumikizana ndi node ya attacker.

Nthawi zambiri, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito msakatuli wa Tor popanda netiweki ya Tor. Izi si zophweka kuchita, koma njira ndithu Kufikika. Ntchitoyo ndikupanga mafayilo awiri omwe angalepheretse netiweki ya Tor.

Njira yabwino yochitira izi ndi Notepad ++. Tsegulani ndikuwonjezera mizere yotsatirayi pa tabu yoyamba:

pref('general.config.filename', 'firefox.cfg');
pref('general.config.obscure_value', 0);

Kenako pitani ku Edit - EOL Conversion, sankhani Unix (LF) ndikusunga fayilo ngati autoconfig.js mu Tor Browser/defaults/pref directory.

Kenako tsegulani tabu yatsopano ndikukopera mizere iyi:

//
lockPref('network.proxy.type', 0);
lockPref('network.proxy.socks_remote_dns', zabodza);
lockPref('extensions.torlauncher.start_tor', zabodza);

Dzina lafayilo ndi firefox.cfg, liyenera kusungidwa mu Tor Browser/Browser.

Tsopano zonse zakonzeka. Pambuyo poyambitsa, msakatuli adzawonetsa cholakwika, koma mutha kunyalanyaza izi.

Ndipo inde, kuzimitsa maukonde sikudzakhudza chala osatsegula m'njira iliyonse. Panopticlick ikuwonetsa mulingo wa entropy wa 10.3 bits, womwe ndi wocheperako poyerekeza ndi msakatuli wa Brave (anali 16,31 bits).

Mafayilo otchulidwa pamwambapa akhoza kukopera kuchokera pano.

Mu gawo lachitatu komanso lomaliza, tikambirana za njira zovuta kwambiri zolepheretsa kuyang'anira. Tidzakambirananso nkhani yoteteza deta yanu ndi zina zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito VPN.

Source: www.habr.com