Chimodzi mwazoyika zamkati mwa virtualization. Tidasokonezedwa ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa zingwe: malalanje amatanthauza kuyika kwamphamvu kwachilendo, kubiriwira kumatanthauza ngakhale.
Apa nthawi zambiri timalankhula za "zida zazikulu" - zozizira, seti ya jenereta ya dizilo, ma switchboards akulu. Lero tikambirana za "zinthu zazing'ono" - ma sockets mu ma racks, omwe amadziwikanso kuti Power Distribution Unit (PDU). Malo athu azidziwitso ali ndi ma racks oposa 4 odzazidwa ndi zida za IT, kotero ndidawona zinthu zambiri zikugwira ntchito: ma PDU akale, "anzeru" omwe ali ndi kuyang'anira ndi kuwongolera, midadada wamba. Lero ndikuuzani ma PDU omwe alipo komanso zomwe mungasankhe pazochitika zinazake.
Ndi mitundu yanji ya PDU yomwe ilipo?
Chotsekereza socket block. Inde, yemweyo yemwe amakhala m'nyumba iliyonse kapena ofesi.
Mwamwayi, iyi si PDU yeniyeni m'lingaliro la kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafakitale muzitsulo ndi zida za IT, koma zipangizozi zilinso ndi mafani awo. Ubwino wokha wa yankho ili ndi mtengo wake wotsika (mtengo umayamba kuchokera ku 2 zikwi rubles). Atha kuthandiziranso ngati mugwiritsa ntchito ma racks otseguka, pomwe simungagwirizane ndi PDU yokhazikika, ndipo simukufuna kutaya mayunitsi pansi pa PDU yopingasa. Izi zikubwereranso ku funso la kusunga.
Pali zovuta zambiri: zida zotere sizikhala ndi chitetezo chamkati nthawi zonse kumayendedwe afupiafupi komanso mochulukira, simungathe kuyang'anira ziwonetsero, komanso zochulukirapo kotero kuti simungathe kuwongolera zitsulo. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa rack. Awa si malo abwino kwambiri a sockets ochotsa zida.
Kawirikawiri, "oyendetsa ndege" angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati:
- muli ndi ma seva masauzande ambiri ndipo muyenera kusunga ndalama,
- mutha kulumikiza zida mwakhungu, osamvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni,
- okonzeka kuzimitsa zida.
Sitigwiritsa ntchito izi, koma tili ndi makasitomala omwe amachita bwino. Zowona, amamanga maziko a ntchito zawo m'njira yoti kulephera kwa ma seva ambiri sikukhudze magwiridwe antchito a kasitomala.
Cheap ndi mokondwera.
Kuyika koyima.
"Wopusa" PDUs. M'malo mwake, iyi ndi PDU yachikale yogwiritsidwa ntchito muzoyika ndi zida za IT, ndipo ndizabwino kale. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyenerera kuti aziyika pambali pachoyikapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kulumikiza zida kwa iwo. Pali chitetezo chamkati. Ma PDU oterowo alibe kuyang'anira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sitidzadziwa zomwe zida zimadya mochuluka bwanji, komanso zomwe zikuchitika mkati. Tilibe pafupifupi ma PDU otere omwe atsala, ndipo nthawi zambiri amazimiririka pang'onopang'ono pakugwiritsa ntchito anthu ambiri.
PDU zotere zimawononga ma ruble 25.
Ma PDU a "Smart" okhala ndi kuwunika. Zidazi zili ndi "ubongo" ndipo zimatha kuyang'anira magawo ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Pali chiwonetsero chomwe zisonyezo zazikulu zikuwonetsedwa: voliyumu, zamakono ndi mphamvu. Mutha kuwatsata ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ogulitsa: magawo kapena mabanki. Mutha kulumikiza ku PDU yotere patali ndikukonzekera kutumiza deta ku dongosolo loyang'anira. Amalemba zipika zomwe mutha kuwona zonse zomwe zidachitika, mwachitsanzo, pomwe PDU idazimitsa.
Athanso kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe (kWh) pakuwerengera zaukadaulo kuti amvetsetse kuchuluka kwa rack yomwe imawononga munthawi inayake.
Awa ndi ma PDU okhazikika omwe timapereka kwa makasitomala athu kuti abwereke, ndipo awa ndi ma PDU ambiri m'malo athu opangira data.
Mukagula, konzekerani kutulutsa ma ruble 75 iliyonse.
Zithunzi kuchokera kuwunika kwathu kwa PDU.
"Smart" PDUs ndi ulamuliro. Ma PDU awa amawonjezera kasamalidwe ku luso lomwe lafotokozedwa pamwambapa. Ma PDU ozizira kwambiri amawongolera ndikuwunika kutulutsa kulikonse: mutha kuyimitsa / kuzimitsa, zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira nthawi zina pomwe ntchitoyo ndikuyambitsanso seva kutali chifukwa cha mphamvu. Izi ndizokongola komanso kuopsa kwa ma PDU otere: wogwiritsa ntchito wamba, mosadziwa, amatha kulowa pa intaneti, dinani china chake ndikuyambitsanso / kuzimitsa dongosolo lonse. Inde, dongosololi lidzakuchenjezani kawiri za zotsatira zake, koma machitidwe amasonyeza kuti ngakhale ma alarm nthawi zonse samateteza zochita za ogwiritsa ntchito mopupuluma.
Vuto lalikulu ndi ma PDU anzeru ndikuwotcha komanso kulephera kwa wowongolera ndikuwonetsa. Ma PDU nthawi zambiri amaikidwa kumbuyo kwa rack, kumene mpweya wotentha umatuluka. Kukutentha kumeneko ndipo olamulira sangathe kupirira. Pankhaniyi, PDU sifunikira kusinthidwa kwathunthu; wowongolera amatha kusinthidwa kukhala otentha.
Chabwino, mtengo wake ndi wokwera kwambiri - kuchokera ku ma ruble 120.
PDU yowongolera imatha kudziwika ndikuwonetsa pansi pa socket iliyonse.
Malingaliro anga, ntchito yolamulira mu PDU ndi nkhani ya kukoma, koma kuyang'anitsitsa ndikofunikira. Apo ayi, sikudzakhala kotheka kutsata zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi katundu. Ndikuuzani chifukwa chake izi zili zofunika mtsogolo.
Momwe mungawerengere mphamvu ya PDU yofunikira?
Poyang'ana koyamba, zonse apa ndi zophweka: mphamvu ya PDU imasankhidwa malinga ndi mphamvu ya rack, koma pali ma nuances. Tiyerekeze kuti mukufuna choyikapo cha 10 kW. Opanga PDU amapereka zitsanzo za 3, 7, 11, 22 kW. Sankhani 11 kW, ndipo, mwatsoka, mudzakhala olakwika. Tiyenera kusankha 22 kW. Nβchifukwa chiyani timafunikira zinthu zambiri chonchi? Ndifotokoza zonse tsopano.
Choyamba, opanga nthawi zambiri amasonyeza mphamvu ya PDU mu kilowatts osati kilovolt-amperes, zomwe ziri zolondola, koma zosadziwika kwa munthu wamba.
Nthawi zina opanga okha amapanga chisokonezo chowonjezera:
Apa amalankhula koyamba za 11 kW,
Ndipo mwatsatanetsatane tikukamba za 11000 VA:
Ngati mukuchita ndi ketulo ndi ogula ofanana, ndiye kuti sipadzakhala kusiyana pakati pa kW ndi kVA. Choyika cha 10 kW chokhala ndi ma ketulo chidzadya 10 kVA. Koma ngati tili ndi zida za IT, ndiye kuti coefficient (cos Ο) ikuwonekera pamenepo: zida zatsopano, pafupi kwambiri ndi coefficient iyi. Avereji yachipatala ya zida za IT ikhoza kukhala 0,93-0,95. Chifukwa chake, rack ya 10 kW yokhala ndi IT idzadya 10,7 kVA. Nayi chilinganizo chomwe tidapeza 10,7 kVA.
Ptotal= Pact./Cos(Ο)
10/0.93 = 10.7 kVA
Chabwino, mufunsa funso loyenera: 10,7 ndi yochepa kuposa 11. N'chifukwa chiyani timafunikira 22 kW remote control? Palinso mfundo yachiwiri: mlingo wa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizozo udzasiyana malinga ndi nthawi ya tsiku ndi tsiku la sabata. Mukagawira mphamvu, muyenera kuyika mphindi ino ndikusunga ~ 10% pakusintha ndi ma surges, kuti pamene kumwa kumawonjezeka, ma PDU asamalowe mochulukira ndikusiya zida zopanda mphamvu.
Zithunzi zogwiritsira ntchito rack ya 10 kW kwa masiku 4.
Zikuoneka kuti tiyenera kuwonjezera wina 10,7% kwa 10 kW tili, ndipo chifukwa chake, 11 kW ulamuliro kutali salinso oyenera kwa ife.
Mtundu wakutali
Phasing
Mphamvu yopanga, kVA
Mphamvu DtLN, kW
1f
3,7
3
1f
7,4
6
3f
11
9
3f
22
18
Chidutswa cha tebulo lamagetsi lamitundu ina ya PDU malinga ndi DataLine. Kutengera kutembenuka kuchokera ku kVA kupita ku kW komanso kusungirako ma surges masana.
Makhalidwe Opangira
Ndikosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi PDU ikayikidwa molunjika, kumanzere ndi kumanja kwa rack. Pankhaniyi, sizitenga malo aliwonse othandiza. Nthawi zonse, mpaka ma PDU anayi akhoza kukhazikitsidwa mu rack - awiri kumanzere ndi awiri kumanja. Nthawi zambiri, PDU imodzi imayikidwa mbali iliyonse. PDU iliyonse imalandira mphamvu imodzi.
Muyeso wa "body kit" wa rack ndi 2 PDUs ndi 1 ATS.
Nthawi zina mulibe malo muchoyikapo cha ma PDU oyimirira, mwachitsanzo ngati ndi choyikapo chotseguka. Kenako ma PDU opingasa amabwera kudzapulumutsa. Chokhacho ndi chakuti mu nkhani iyi mudzayenera kuvomereza kutayika kwa 2 mpaka 4 mayunitsi mu rack, malingana ndi chitsanzo cha PDU.
Apa PDU idadya mayunitsi 4. Mtundu uwu wa PDU umagwiritsidwanso ntchito pamene kuli kofunikira kusiyanitsa pakati pa makasitomala awiri muzitsulo zomwezo. Pamenepa, kasitomala aliyense adzakhala ndi ma PDU osiyana.
Zimachitika kuti choyikapo chosankhidwa sichikhala chakuya mokwanira, ndipo seva imatuluka, kutsekereza PDU. Chomvetsa chisoni kwambiri apa sikuti zina mwazitsulo zidzakhala zopanda ntchito, koma kuti ngati PDU yotereyi ikuphwanyidwa, muyenera kuikwirira mu rack, kapena kuzimitsa ndikuchotsa zida zonse zosokoneza.
Osachita izi - 1.
Osachita izi - 2.
Zida zolumikizira
Ngakhale PDU yotsogola kwambiri sizingathandize ngati zidazo zilumikizidwa molakwika ndipo palibe njira yowonera kagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani? Pang'ono . Choyika chilichonse chimakhala ndi zolowetsa mphamvu ziwiri; choyikapo chokhazikika chimakhala ndi ma PDU awiri. Zikuoneka kuti PDU iliyonse ili ndi zolowera zake. Ngati china chake chikachitika ku chimodzi mwazolowera (werengani PDU), choyikapo chimapitilira kukhala chachiwiri. Kuti chiwembu ichi chigwire ntchito, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena. Nazi zazikulu (mukhoza kupeza mndandanda wathunthu ):
Zida ziyenera kulumikizidwa ndi ma PDU osiyanasiyana. Ngati zida zili ndi mphamvu imodzi ndi pulagi imodzi, ndiye kuti zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi PDU kudzera pa ATS (automatic transfer switch) kapena ATS (Automatic Transfer Switch). Pakakhala zovuta ndi imodzi mwazolowera kapena PDU yokha, ATS imasinthira zida kukhala PDU / zolowetsa zathanzi. Zida sizingamve chilichonse.
Katundu wophatikizidwa pazolowetsa ziwiri / PDU. Kusunga zosunga zobwezeretsera kudzapulumutsa kokha ngati kungathe kupirira katundu wa zomwe zagwa. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kusiya malo osungira: tsitsani zolowera zilizonse zosakwana theka la mphamvu zomwe zidavoteredwa, ndipo kuchuluka kwathunthu pazolowera ziwirizo kunali kochepera 100% mwadzina. Pokhapokha muzochitika izi zotsalira zotsalira zidzapirira kuwirikiza kawiri. Ngati sizili choncho kwa inu, ndiye kuti chinyengo chosinthira kusungirako sichingagwire ntchito - zida zidzakhala zopanda mphamvu. Kuti tipewe zoyipa kuti zisachitike, ife parameter iyi.
Kusinthana kwa katundu pakati pa magawo a PDU. Soketi za PDU zimaphatikizidwa m'magulu - magawo. Nthawi zambiri 2 kapena 3 zidutswa. Gawo lirilonse liri ndi malire ake a mphamvu. Ndikofunika kuti musapitirire ndikugawa katunduyo mofanana m'magawo onse. Chabwino, nkhani yokhala ndi katundu wowirikiza, yomwe idakambidwa pamwambapa, imagwiranso ntchito pano.
Ndifotokoze mwachidule
- Ngati ndi kotheka, sankhani PDU yokhala ndi magwiridwe antchito.
- Posankha mtundu wa PDU, siyani nkhokwe zina zamagetsi.
- Kwezani PDU kuti muthe kusinthidwa popanda kusokoneza zida zanu za IT.
- Lumikizani moyenera: gwirizanitsani zida ndi ma PDU awiri, musachulukitse magawo ndipo dziwani za katundu wowirikiza.
Source: www.habr.com