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M'mapazi a Industrial Ninja: momwe PLC idaberedwa pa Positive Hack Days 9

M'mapazi a Industrial Ninja: momwe PLC idaberedwa pa Positive Hack Days 9

Pa PHDays 9 yomaliza tidachita mpikisano wothamangitsa malo opopa gasi - mpikisano Industrial Ninja. Panali maimidwe atatu pa malo ndi magawo osiyana chitetezo (Palibe Security, Low Security, High Security), emulating chimodzimodzi mafakitale ndondomeko: mpweya wopanikizika anaupopera mu baluni (kenako anamasulidwa).

Ngakhale pali magawo osiyanasiyana otetezera, zida za hardware za maimidwe zinali zofanana: Siemens Simatic PLC S7-300 series; batani ladzidzidzi ladzidzidzi ndi chipangizo choyezera kuthamanga (cholumikizidwa ndi zolowetsa digito za PLC (DI)); ma valve ogwiritsira ntchito kukwera kwa mitengo ndi kutsika kwa mpweya (ogwirizana ndi zotuluka za digito za PLC (DO)) - onani chithunzichi pansipa.

M'mapazi a Industrial Ninja: momwe PLC idaberedwa pa Positive Hack Days 9

PLC, kutengera kuwerengera kwapanikizidwe komanso molingana ndi pulogalamu yake, idapanga chigamulo chotsitsa kapena kutulutsa mpirawo (kutsegula ndikutseka ma valve olingana). Komabe, maimidwe onse anali ndi njira yoyendetsera ntchito, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zotheka kulamulira mayiko a ma valve popanda zoletsa.

Zoyimilirazo zinali zosiyana ndi zovuta zowunikira njira iyi: pamalo osatetezedwa zinali zosavuta kuchita izi, ndipo pa High Security stand zinali zovuta kwambiri.

Mavuto asanu mwa asanu ndi limodzi adathetsedwa m'masiku awiri; Wochita nawo malo oyamba adapeza mfundo za 233 (adakhala sabata imodzi akukonzekera mpikisano). Opambana atatu: Ndayika - a1exdandy, II - Rubikoid, III - Ze.

Komabe, pa PHDays, palibe m'modzi mwa omwe adatenga nawo gawo adakwanitsa kugonjetsa masitepe onse atatu, kotero tinaganiza zopanga mpikisano pa intaneti ndikusindikiza ntchito yovuta kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa June. Ophunzira adayenera kumaliza ntchitoyi mkati mwa mwezi umodzi, kupeza mbendera, ndikufotokozera yankho mwatsatanetsatane komanso mochititsa chidwi.

Pansi pa odulidwawo timasindikiza kusanthula kwa njira yabwino yothetsera ntchitoyi kuchokera kwa omwe adatumizidwa pamwezi, adapezeka ndi Alexey Kovrizhnykh (a1exdandy) kuchokera ku kampani ya Digital Security, yomwe inatenga malo a XNUMX pa mpikisano pa PHDays. Pansipa timapereka malemba ake ndi ndemanga zathu.

Kusanthula koyamba

Chifukwa chake, ntchitoyi inali ndi archive yokhala ndi mafayilo otsatirawa:

  • block_upload_traffic.pcapng
  • DB100.bin
  • hints.txt

Fayilo ya hints.txt ili ndi zofunikira komanso malangizo othetsera ntchitoyi. Nazi zomwe zili mkati mwake:

  1. Petrovich adandiuza dzulo kuti mutha kuyika midadada kuchokera ku PlcSim kupita ku Step7.
  2. Nokia Simatic S7-300 mndandanda PLC idagwiritsidwa ntchito poyimilira.
  3. PlcSim ndi emulator ya PLC yomwe imakulolani kuyendetsa ndi kukonza mapulogalamu a Siemens S7 PLCs.

Fayilo ya DB100.bin ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi chipika cha data cha DB100 PLC: 00000000: 0100 0102 6e02 0401 0206 0100 0101 0102 ....n......... 00000010: 1002 0501 0202 2002 0501 0206 0100 0102 . ..... ......... 00000020: 0102 7702 0401 0206 0100 0103 0102 0a02 ..w............. 00000030: 0501 0202 1602 0501 0206 0100 0104 ................ 0102: 00000040 7502 0401 0206 0100 0105 0102a0 02 u............... 0501: 00000050 0202 1602 0501 0206 0100 0106 0102..........3402. 4: 00000060 0401 0206 0100 0107 0102 2602 0501 .........&..... 0202: 00000070c4 02 0501 0206 0100 0108 0102 .........&..... 3302: 0401c3 00000080 0206 0100 0109 0102 0 02. ......... : 0501 0202 1602 00000090 0501a0206 0100 010 0102 ................ 3702: 0401 0206 7 000000a 0 0100 010 0102 ............ 2202a0501: 0202 4602b 0501 000000 0 0206 0100 010 ......".....F... 0102b3302: 0401 0206 0100c 3 000000 0 ... ... .. 010c0102: 0d 02 0501a0202 1602 0501 0206 000000 0 ................ 0100d010: 0102 6e 02 0401d0206 0100 010 ......000000m .... 0e0102: 1102 0501 0202 2302 0501 0206 0100 000000 ........#...... 0f0110: 0102 3502 0401 0206 0100 0111 ....0102 . ..... 5: 00000100 1202 0501 0202 2502 0501 0206 0100 .........%......... 0112: 00000110 0102 3302 0401 0206 0100 ..... 0113 . . 0102 . ......&. 2602: 3 00000120 0501c0202 4 02 0501 ....L......

Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, fayilo ya block_upload_traffic.pcapng ili ndi dambo la kuchuluka kwa magalimoto otumizidwa ku PLC.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti kutayira kwa magalimoto pamalo opikisana nawo pamsonkhano kunali kovuta kwambiri kupeza. Kuti muchite izi, kunali koyenera kumvetsetsa script kuchokera ku fayilo ya polojekiti ya TeslaSCADA2. Kuchokera pamenepo zinali zotheka kumvetsetsa komwe kutaya komwe kunasungidwa pogwiritsa ntchito RC4 kunali ndi fungulo lotani lomwe limayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti liyimbe. Kutayira kwa midadada ya data patsamba zitha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito kasitomala wa S7 protocol. Pazimenezi ndidagwiritsa ntchito kasitomala wamtundu wa Snap7 phukusi.

Kutulutsa midadada yokonza ma siginecha pamalo otayira magalimoto

Kuyang'ana zomwe zili mu dambo, mutha kumvetsetsa kuti muli ma sign block OB1, FC1, FC2 ndi FC3:

M'mapazi a Industrial Ninja: momwe PLC idaberedwa pa Positive Hack Days 9

midadada iyi iyenera kuchotsedwa. Izi zitha kuchitika, mwachitsanzo, ndi zolemba zotsatirazi, mutasintha kale kuchuluka kwa magalimoto kuchokera pamtundu wa pcapng kukhala pcap:

#!/usr/bin/env python2

import struct
from scapy.all import *

packets = rdpcap('block_upload_traffic.pcap')
s7_hdr_struct = '>BBHHHHBB'
s7_hdr_sz = struct.calcsize(s7_hdr_struct)
tpkt_cotp_sz = 7
names = iter(['OB1.bin', 'FC1.bin', 'FC2.bin', 'FC3.bin'])
buf = ''

for packet in packets:
    if packet.getlayer(IP).src == '10.0.102.11':
        tpkt_cotp_s7 = str(packet.getlayer(TCP).payload)
        if len(tpkt_cotp_s7) < tpkt_cotp_sz + s7_hdr_sz:
            continue
        s7 = tpkt_cotp_s7[tpkt_cotp_sz:]
        s7_hdr = s7[:s7_hdr_sz]
        param_sz = struct.unpack(s7_hdr_struct, s7_hdr)[4]
        s7_param = s7[12:12+param_sz]
        s7_data = s7[12+param_sz:]
        if s7_param in ('x1ex00', 'x1ex01'):  # upload
            buf += s7_data[4:]
        elif s7_param == 'x1f':
            with open(next(names), 'wb') as f:
                f.write(buf)
            buf = ''

Mutayang'ana midadada yotulukayo, mudzawona kuti nthawi zonse amayamba ndi ma byte 70 70 (pp). Tsopano muyenera kuphunzira kusanthula iwo. Lingaliro la gawo likuwonetsa kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito PlcSim pa izi.

Kupeza malangizo owerengeka ndi anthu kuchokera ku midadada

Choyamba, tiyeni tiyese pulogalamu S7-PlcSim potsegula midadada angapo ndi kubwereza malangizo (= Q 0.0) mmenemo ntchito Simatic Manager mapulogalamu, ndi kupulumutsa PLC anapezedwa mu emulator kuti example.plc wapamwamba. Poyang'ana zomwe zili mufayiloyo, mutha kudziwa mosavuta chiyambi cha midadada yotsitsidwa ndi siginecha 70 70, yomwe tidapeza kale. Pamaso pa midadada, mwachiwonekere, kukula kwa chipika kumalembedwa ngati mtengo wa 4-byte pang'ono-endian.

M'mapazi a Industrial Ninja: momwe PLC idaberedwa pa Positive Hack Days 9

Titalandira zambiri zamapangidwe a mafayilo a plc, ndondomeko yotsatirayi idawonekera powerenga mapulogalamu a PLC S7:

  1. Pogwiritsa ntchito Simatic Manager, timapanga chotchinga mu S7-PlcSim chofanana ndi chomwe tidalandira kuchokera kumalo otayira. Kukula kwa block kuyenera kugwirizana (izi zimatheka podzaza midadada ndi nambala yofunikira ya malangizo) ndi zozindikiritsa (OB1, FC1, FC2, FC3).
  2. Sungani PLC ku fayilo.
  3. Timalowetsa zomwe zili mu midadada yomwe ili mufayilo yomwe yatuluka ndi midadada kuchokera kumalo otayira magalimoto. Chiyambi cha midadada chimatsimikiziridwa ndi siginecha.
  4. Timayika fayiloyi mu S7-PlcSim ndikuyang'ana zomwe zili m'ma block mu Simatic Manager.

Ma block atha kusinthidwa, mwachitsanzo, ndi code iyi:

with open('original.plc', 'rb') as f:
    plc = f.read()
blocks = []
for fname in ['OB1.bin', 'FC1.bin', 'FC2.bin', 'FC3.bin']:
    with open(fname, 'rb') as f:
        blocks.append(f.read())

i = plc.find(b'pp')
for block in blocks:
    plc = plc[:i] + block + plc[i+len(block):]
    i = plc.find(b'pp', i + 1)

with open('target.plc', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(plc)

Alexey anatenga njira yovuta, koma yolondola. Tinkaganiza kuti otenga nawo mbali agwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya NetToPlcSim kuti PlcSim izitha kulumikizana pa netiweki, kuyika midadada ku PlcSim kudzera pa Snap7, ndikutsitsa midadada iyi ngati projekiti kuchokera ku PlcSim pogwiritsa ntchito malo otukuka.

Potsegula fayilo yomwe idatuluka mu S7-PlcSim, mutha kuwerenga midadada yolembedwanso pogwiritsa ntchito Simatic Manager. Ntchito zazikuluzikulu zowongolera zida zalembedwa mu block FC1. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi #TEMP0 yosinthika, yomwe ikayatsidwa ikuwoneka kuti ikukhazikitsa ulamuliro wa PLC kumachitidwe amanja pogwiritsa ntchito M2.2 ndi M2.3 bit memory values. Mtengo wa #TEMP0 umakhazikitsidwa ndi ntchito FC3.

M'mapazi a Industrial Ninja: momwe PLC idaberedwa pa Positive Hack Days 9

Kuti muthane ndi vutoli, muyenera kusanthula magwiridwe antchito a FC3 ndikumvetsetsa zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika kuti ibwereze zomveka.

Zotchinga za PLC zopangira ma sign pachitetezo cha Low Security pamalo opikisanawo zidakonzedwa mwanjira yofananira, koma kukhazikitsa mtengo wa #TEMP0 kusintha, kunali kokwanira kulemba mzere wanga wa ninja kulowa mu block ya DB1. Kuwona mtengo mu block kunali kolunjika ndipo sikunafune chidziwitso chakuya cha chilankhulo cha block programming. Mwachiwonekere, pa High Security level, kukwaniritsa kuwongolera pamanja kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ndipo ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zovuta za chilankhulo cha STL (imodzi mwa njira zopangira S7 PLC).

Reverse block FC3

Zomwe zili mu block ya FC3 mu chiwonetsero cha STL:

      L     B#16#0
      T     #TEMP13
      T     #TEMP15
      L     P#DBX 0.0
      T     #TEMP4
      CLR   
      =     #TEMP14
M015: L     #TEMP4
      LAR1  
      OPN   DB   100
      L     DBLG
      TAR1  
      <=D   
      JC    M016
      L     DW#16#0
      T     #TEMP0
      L     #TEMP6
      L     W#16#0
      <>I   
      JC    M00d
      L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR1  
M00d: L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP5
      L     W#16#1
      ==I   
      JC    M007
      L     #TEMP5
      L     W#16#2
      ==I   
      JC    M008
      L     #TEMP5
      L     W#16#3
      ==I   
      JC    M00f
      L     #TEMP5
      L     W#16#4
      ==I   
      JC    M00e
      L     #TEMP5
      L     W#16#5
      ==I   
      JC    M011
      L     #TEMP5
      L     W#16#6
      ==I   
      JC    M012
      JU    M010
M007: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR2  
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      JL    M003
      JU    M001
      JU    M002
      JU    M004
M003: JU    M005
M001: OPN   DB   101
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP0
      JU    M006
M002: OPN   DB   101
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP1
      JU    M006
M004: OPN   DB   101
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP2
      JU    M006
M00f: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     C#8
      *I    
      T     #TEMP11
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP7
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP7
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP9
      TAR1  #TEMP4
      OPN   DB   101
      L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR1  
      L     #TEMP11
      +AR1  
      LAR2  #TEMP9
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      T     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     #TEMP4
      LAR1  
      JU    M006
M008: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP3
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      JL    M009
      JU    M00b
      JU    M00a
      JU    M00c
M009: JU    M005
M00b: L     #TEMP3
      T     #TEMP0
      JU    M006
M00a: L     #TEMP3
      T     #TEMP1
      JU    M006
M00c: L     #TEMP3
      T     #TEMP2
      JU    M006
M00e: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP7
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP7
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP9
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP8
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP8
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP10
      TAR1  #TEMP4
      LAR1  #TEMP9
      LAR2  #TEMP10
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      AW    
      INVI  
      T     #TEMP12
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      OW    
      L     #TEMP12
      AW    
      T     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     DW#16#0
      T     #TEMP0
      L     MB   101
      T     #TEMP1
      L     MB   102
      T     #TEMP2
      L     #TEMP4
      LAR1  
      JU    M006
M011: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP7
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP7
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP9
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP8
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP8
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP10
      TAR1  #TEMP4
      LAR1  #TEMP9
      LAR2  #TEMP10
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      -I    
      T     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     DW#16#0
      T     #TEMP0
      L     MB   101
      T     #TEMP1
      L     MB   102
      T     #TEMP2
      L     #TEMP4
      LAR1  
      JU    M006
M012: L     #TEMP15
      INC   1
      T     #TEMP15
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP7
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP7
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP9
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP8
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP8
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP10
      TAR1  #TEMP4
      LAR1  #TEMP9
      LAR2  #TEMP10
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      ==I   
      JCN   M013
      JU    M014
M013: L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR1  
      T     #TEMP4
      L     B#16#0
      T     #TEMP6
      JU    M006
M014: L     #TEMP4
      LAR1  
      L     #TEMP13
      L     L#1
      +I    
      T     #TEMP13
      JU    M006
M006: L     #TEMP0
      T     MB   100
      L     #TEMP1
      T     MB   101
      L     #TEMP2
      T     MB   102
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     #TEMP6
      +     1
      T     #TEMP6
      JU    M005
M010: L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR1  
      L     0
      T     #TEMP6
      TAR1  #TEMP4
M005: TAR1  #TEMP4
      CLR   
      =     #TEMP16
      L     #TEMP13
      L     L#20
      ==I   
      S     #TEMP16
      L     #TEMP15
      ==I   
      A     #TEMP16
      JC    M017
      L     #TEMP13
      L     L#20
      <I    
      S     #TEMP16
      L     #TEMP15
      ==I   
      A     #TEMP16
      JC    M018
      JU    M019
M017: SET   
      =     #TEMP14
      JU    M016
M018: CLR   
      =     #TEMP14
      JU    M016
M019: CLR   
      O     #TEMP14
      =     #RET_VAL
      JU    M015
M016: CLR   
      O     #TEMP14
      =     #RET_VAL

Khodiyo ndi yayitali ndipo imatha kuwoneka yovuta kwa munthu wosadziwa STL. Palibe chifukwa chowunika malangizo aliwonse mkati mwa nkhaniyi; malangizo atsatanetsatane ndi kuthekera kwa chilankhulo cha STL atha kupezeka m'buku lofananira: Mndandanda wa Statement (STL) wa S7-300 ndi S7-400 Programming. Apa ndipereka kachidindo komweko nditatha kukonza - kusinthiranso zilembo ndi zosintha ndikuwonjezera ndemanga zofotokozera ma algorithm ogwiritsira ntchito ndi zomangira zina za STL. Ndiloleni ndizindikire mwachangu kuti chipika chomwe chikufunsidwacho chili ndi makina enieni omwe amapanga ma bytecode omwe ali mu block ya DB100, zomwe tikudziwa. Malangizo a makina owoneka bwino amakhala ndi 1 byte ya code yogwirira ntchito ndi ma byte a mfundo, baiti imodzi pa mkangano uliwonse. Malangizo onse omwe amaganiziridwa ali ndi mikangano iwiri; Ndidalemba zomwe amafunikira m'mawu ngati X ndi Y.

Code pambuyo processing] 

# Π˜Π½ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…
      L     B#16#0
      T     #CHECK_N        # Π‘Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ
      T     #COUNTER_N      # Π‘Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ количСства ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΊ
      L     P#DBX 0.0
      T     #POINTER        # Π£ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒ Π½Π° Ρ‚Π΅ΠΊΡƒΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡŽ
      CLR   
      =     #PRE_RET_VAL

# Основной Ρ†ΠΈΠΊΠ» Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π° Π±Π°ΠΉΡ‚-ΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π°
LOOP: L     #POINTER
      LAR1  
      OPN   DB   100
      L     DBLG
      TAR1  
      <=D                   # ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠ° Π²Ρ‹Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° указатСля Π·Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹
      JC    FINISH
      L     DW#16#0
      T     #REG0
      L     #TEMP6
      L     W#16#0
      <>I   
      JC    M00d
      L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR1  

# ΠšΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΊΡ†ΠΈΡ switch - case для ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
M00d: L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #OPCODE
      L     W#16#1
      ==I   
      JC    OPCODE_1
      L     #OPCODE
      L     W#16#2
      ==I   
      JC    OPCODE_2
      L     #OPCODE
      L     W#16#3
      ==I   
      JC    OPCODE_3
      L     #OPCODE
      L     W#16#4
      ==I   
      JC    OPCODE_4
      L     #OPCODE
      L     W#16#5
      ==I   
      JC    OPCODE_5
      L     #OPCODE
      L     W#16#6
      ==I   
      JC    OPCODE_6
      JU    OPCODE_OTHER

# ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° 01: Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° значСния ΠΈΠ· DB101[X] Π² рСгистр Y
# OP01(X, Y): REG[Y] = DB101[X]
OPCODE_1: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR2  
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]   # Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° X (индСкс Π² DB101)
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]   # Π—Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° Y (индСкс рСгистра)
      JL    M003            # Аналог switch - case Π½Π° основС значСния Y
      JU    M001            # для Π²Ρ‹Π±ΠΎΡ€Π° Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСгистра для записи.
      JU    M002            # ΠŸΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ конструкции ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΈ Π² Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΡ…
      JU    M004            # опСрациях Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ для Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
M003: JU    LOOPEND
M001: OPN   DB   101
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      T     #REG0           # Π—Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡŒ значСния DB101[X] Π² REG[0]
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND
M002: OPN   DB   101
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      T     #REG1           # Π—Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡŒ значСния DB101[X] Π² REG[1]
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND
M004: OPN   DB   101
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      T     #REG2           # Π—Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡŒ значСния DB101[X] Π² REG[2]
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND

# ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° 02: Π·Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΠ° значСния X Π² рСгистр Y
# OP02(X, Y): REG[Y] = X
OPCODE_2: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP3
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      JL    M009
      JU    M00b
      JU    M00a
      JU    M00c
M009: JU    LOOPEND
M00b: L     #TEMP3
      T     #REG0
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND
M00a: L     #TEMP3
      T     #REG1
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND
M00c: L     #TEMP3
      T     #REG2
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND

# Опкод 03 Π½Π΅ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅, поэтому пропустим Π΅Π³ΠΎ
...

# ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° 04: сравнСниС рСгистров X ΠΈ Y
# OP04(X, Y): REG[0] = 0; REG[X] = (REG[X] == REG[Y])
OPCODE_4: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP7          # ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹ΠΉ Π°Ρ€Π³ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ - X
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP7
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP9          # REG[X]
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP8
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP8
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP10         # REG[Y]
      TAR1  #POINTER
      LAR1  #TEMP9          # REG[X]
      LAR2  #TEMP10         # REG[Y]
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      AW    
      INVI  
      T     #TEMP12         # ~(REG[Y] & REG[X])
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      OW    
      L     #TEMP12
      AW                    # (~(REG[Y] & REG[X])) & (REG[Y] | REG[X]) - Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ Π½Π° равСнство
      T     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     DW#16#0
      T     #REG0
      L     MB   101
      T     #REG1
      L     MB   102
      T     #REG2
      L     #POINTER
      LAR1  
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND

# ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° 05: Π²Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ рСгистра Y ΠΈΠ· X
# OP05(X, Y): REG[0] = 0; REG[X] = REG[X] - REG[Y]
OPCODE_5: +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP7
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP7
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP9          # REG[X]
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP8
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP8
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP10         # REG[Y]
      TAR1  #POINTER
      LAR1  #TEMP9
      LAR2  #TEMP10
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      -I                    # ACCU1 = ACCU2 - ACCU1, REG[X] - REG[Y]
      T     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     DW#16#0
      T     #REG0
      L     MB   101
      T     #REG1
      L     MB   102
      T     #REG2
      L     #POINTER
      LAR1  
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND

# ΠžΠ±Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠΏΠΊΠΎΠ΄Π° 06: ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ #CHECK_N ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ равСнствС рСгистров X ΠΈ Y
# OP06(X, Y): #CHECK_N += (1 if REG[X] == REG[Y] else 0)
OPCODE_6: L     #COUNTER_N
      INC   1
      T     #COUNTER_N
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP7          #  REG[X]     
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP7
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP9          #  REG[X]  
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      T     #TEMP8
      L     P#M 100.0
      LAR2  
      L     #TEMP8
      L     C#8
      *I    
      +AR2  
      TAR2  #TEMP10         # REG[Y]
      TAR1  #POINTER
      LAR1  #TEMP9          # REG[Y]
      LAR2  #TEMP10         # REG[X]
      L     B [AR1,P#0.0]
      L     B [AR2,P#0.0]
      ==I   
      JCN   M013
      JU    M014
M013: L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR1  
      T     #POINTER
      L     B#16#0
      T     #TEMP6
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND
M014: L     #POINTER
      LAR1  
# Π˜Π½ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ значСния #CHECK_N
      L     #CHECK_N
      L     L#1
      +I    
      T     #CHECK_N
      JU    PRE_LOOPEND

PRE_LOOPEND: L     #REG0
      T     MB   100
      L     #REG1
      T     MB   101
      L     #REG2
      T     MB   102
      +AR1  P#1.0
      L     #TEMP6
      +     1
      T     #TEMP6
      JU    LOOPEND

OPCODE_OTHER: L     P#DBX 0.0
      LAR1  
      L     0
      T     #TEMP6
      TAR1  #POINTER

LOOPEND: TAR1  #POINTER
      CLR   
      =     #TEMP16
      L     #CHECK_N
      L     L#20
      ==I   
      S     #TEMP16
      L     #COUNTER_N
      ==I   
      A     #TEMP16
# ВсС ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Ρ€ΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ‹, Ссли #CHECK_N == #COUNTER_N == 20
      JC    GOOD
      L     #CHECK_N
      L     L#20
      <I    
      S     #TEMP16
      L     #COUNTER_N
      ==I   
      A     #TEMP16
      JC    FAIL
      JU    M019
GOOD: SET   
      =     #PRE_RET_VAL
      JU    FINISH
FAIL: CLR   
      =     #PRE_RET_VAL
      JU    FINISH
M019: CLR   
      O     #PRE_RET_VAL
      =     #RET_VAL
      JU    LOOP
FINISH: CLR   
      O     #PRE_RET_VAL
      =     #RET_VAL

Pokhala ndi lingaliro la malangizo a makina enieni, tiyeni tilembe chophatikizira chaching'ono kuti tidutse bytecode mu block ya DB100:

import string
alph = string.ascii_letters + string.digits

with open('DB100.bin', 'rb') as f:
    m = f.read()

pc = 0

while pc < len(m):
    op = m[pc]
    if op == 1:
        print('R{} = DB101[{}]'.format(m[pc + 2], m[pc + 1]))
        pc += 3
    elif op == 2:
        c = chr(m[pc + 1])
        c = c if c in alph else '?'
        print('R{} = {:02x} ({})'.format(m[pc + 2], m[pc + 1], c))
        pc += 3
    elif op == 4:
        print('R0 = 0; R{} = (R{} == R{})'.format(
            m[pc + 1], m[pc + 1], m[pc + 2]))
        pc += 3
    elif op == 5:
        print('R0 = 0; R{} = R{} - R{}'.format(
            m[pc + 1], m[pc + 1], m[pc + 2]))
        pc += 3
    elif op == 6:
        print('CHECK (R{} == R{})n'.format(
            m[pc + 1], m[pc + 2]))
        pc += 3
    else:
        print('unk opcode {}'.format(op))
        break

Zotsatira zake, timapeza makina apakompyuta awa:

Makina a Virtual Code

R1 = DB101[0]
R2 = 6e (n)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[1]
R2 = 10 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 20 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[2]
R2 = 77 (w)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[3]
R2 = 0a (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 16 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[4]
R2 = 75 (u)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[5]
R2 = 0a (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 16 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[6]
R2 = 34 (4)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[7]
R2 = 26 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 4c (L)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[8]
R2 = 33 (3)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[9]
R2 = 0a (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 16 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[10]
R2 = 37 (7)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[11]
R2 = 22 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 46 (F)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[12]
R2 = 33 (3)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[13]
R2 = 0a (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 16 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[14]
R2 = 6d (m)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[15]
R2 = 11 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 23 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[16]
R2 = 35 (5)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[17]
R2 = 12 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 25 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[18]
R2 = 33 (3)
R0 = 0; R1 = (R1 == R2)
CHECK (R1 == R0)

R1 = DB101[19]
R2 = 26 (?)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
R2 = 4c (L)
R0 = 0; R1 = R1 - R2
CHECK (R1 == R0)

Monga mukuonera, pulogalamuyi imangoyang'ana khalidwe lililonse kuchokera ku DB101 kuti likhale lofanana ndi mtengo wina. Mzere womaliza wodutsa macheke onse ndi: n0w u 4r3 7h3 m4573r. Ngati mzerewu wayikidwa mu block DB101, ndiye kuti kuwongolera kwamanja kwa PLC kumayatsidwa ndipo kutha kuphulika kapena kuwononga buluniyo.


Ndizomwezo! Alexey anawonetsa chidziwitso chapamwamba choyenerera ninja ya mafakitale :) Tinatumiza mphoto zosaiΕ΅alika kwa wopambana. Zikomo kwambiri kwa onse omwe mwatenga nawo mbali!

Source: www.habr.com

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