Munapempha kuti muwonetse zitsanzo zenizeni zogwiritsira ntchito ma drive athu a SSD ndi mayeso aukadaulo. Timakupatsirani chithunzithunzi chatsatanetsatane cha ma drive athu a SSD kuchokera kwa anzathu a Truesystems. Akatswiri a Truesystems adasonkhanitsa seva yeniyeni ndikutengera zovuta zenizeni zomwe ma SSD onse amabizinesi amakumana nawo. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe adabwera nazo!
2019 Kingston mndandanda
Choyamba, pang'ono youma chiphunzitso. Ma SSD onse a Kingston amatha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi akuluakulu. Kugawanikaku kumakhala kovomerezeka, chifukwa zoyendetsa zomwezo zimagwera m'mabanja angapo nthawi imodzi.
- SATA SSD mu 2,5 β³, M.2 ndi mSATA mawonekedwe amtundu wa Kingston UV500 ndi mitundu iwiri ya ma drive okhala ndi mawonekedwe a NVMe - Kingston A1000 ndi Kingston KC2000;
- . Zitsanzo zomwezo monga gulu lapitalo ndipo, kuwonjezera, SATA SSD Kingston A400;
- : UV500 ndi KC2000;
- . Magalimoto amtundu wa DC500, omwe adakhala ngwazi yakuwunikaku. Mzere wa DC500 umagawidwa kukhala DC500R (kuwerenga koyambirira, 0,5 DWPD) ndi DC500M (katundu wosakanikirana, 1,3 DWPD).
Pakuyesa, Truesystems inali ndi Kingston DC500R yokhala ndi 960 GB ndi Kingston DC500M yokhala ndi 1920 GB ya kukumbukira. Tiyeni titsitsimutse kukumbukira kwathu pazikhalidwe zawo:
Kingston DC500R
- Voliyumu: 480, 960, 1920, 3840 GB
- Fomu factor: 2,5 β³, kutalika 7 mm
- Chiyankhulo: SATA 3.0, 6 Gbit/s
- Kugwira ntchito komwe kumanenedwa (chitsanzo cha 960 GB)
- Kufikira motsatizana: werengani - 555 MB / s, lembani - 525 MB / s
- Kufikira mwachisawawa (4 KB block): werengani - 98 IOPS, lembani - 000 IOPS
- Kuchedwa kwa QoS (block 4 KB, QD=1, 99,9 percentile): werengani - 500 Β΅s, lembani - 2 ms
- Kukula kwa gawo lotengera: 512 byte (zomveka / zakuthupi)
- Zothandizira: 0,5 DWPD
- Nthawi ya chitsimikizo: zaka 5
Kingston DC500M
- Voliyumu: 480, 960, 1920, 3840 GB
- Fomu factor: 2,5 β³, kutalika 7 mm
- Chiyankhulo: SATA 3.0, 6 Gbit/s
- Kugwira ntchito komwe kumanenedwa (chitsanzo cha 1920 GB)
- Kufikira motsatizana: werengani - 555 MB / s, lembani - 520 MB / s
- Kufikira mwachisawawa (4 KB block): werengani - 98 IOPS, lembani - 000 IOPS
- Kuchedwa kwa QoS (block 4 KB, QD=1, 99,9 percentile): werengani - 500 Β΅s, lembani - 2 ms
- Kukula kwa gawo lotengera: 512 byte (zomveka / zakuthupi)
- Zothandizira: 1,3 DWPD
- Nthawi ya chitsimikizo: zaka 5
Akatswiri a Truesystems adawona kuti ma drive a Kingston amawonetsa mitengo ya QoS ya latency yonse ngati kuchuluka kwa 99,9% (99,9% yazinthu zonse idzakhala yocheperako mtengo womwe watchulidwa). Ichi ndi chizindikiro chofunika kwambiri makamaka pa ma drive a seva, chifukwa ntchito yawo imafuna kulosera, kukhazikika komanso kusakhalapo kwa kuzizira kosayembekezereka. Ngati mukudziwa zomwe kuchedwa kwa QoS kumatchulidwira mumayendedwe agalimoto, mutha kudziwiratu ntchito yake, yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri.
Mayeso magawo
Ma drive onse awiri adayesedwa mu benchi yoyeserera yoyeserera seva. Makhalidwe ake:
- Intel Xeon processor E5-2620 V4 (8 cores, 2,1 GHz, HT yathandizidwa)
- Kukumbukira 32 GB
- Supermicro X10SRi-F motherboard (1x socket R3, Intel C612)
- CentOS Linux 7.6.1810
- Kuti apange katunduyo, mtundu wa FIO 3.14 unagwiritsidwa ntchito
Ndipo apanso zomwe ma drive a SSD adayesedwa:
- Kingston DC500R 960 GB (SEDC500R960G)
- Firmware: SCEKJ2.3
- Voliyumu: 960 mabayiti
- Kingston DC500M 1920 GB (SEDC500M1920G)
- Firmware: SCEKJ2.3
- ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΌ: 1β920β383β410β176 Π±Π°ΠΉΡ
Njira yoyesera
Kutengera ndi mayeso odziwika , komabe, oyesa adasinthapo kuti apangitse katunduyo kuyandikira kugwiritsa ntchito ma SSD amakampani mu 2019. Pofotokoza mayeso aliwonse, tiwona zomwe zidasinthidwa komanso chifukwa chake.
Mayeso Olowetsa/Zotulutsa (IOPS)
Mayesowa amayezera ma IOPS amitundu yosiyanasiyana ya block (1024 KB, 128 KB, 64 KB, 32 KB, 16 KB, 8 KB, 4 KB, 0,5 KB) komanso zofikira mwachisawawa zomwe zimawerengedwa mosiyanasiyana. mbiri (100/0) , 95/5, 65/35, 50/50, 35/65, 5/95, 0/100). Akatswiri a Truesystems adagwiritsa ntchito mayeso otsatirawa: ulusi wa 16 wokhala ndi mzere wakuzama wa 8. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chipika cha 0,5 KB (512 bytes) sichinayendetsedwe nkomwe, chifukwa kukula kwake ndi kochepa kwambiri kuti zisalowetse kwambiri ma drive.
Kingston DC500R mu mayeso a IOPS
Zambiri patebulo:
Kingston DC500M mu mayeso a IOPS
Zambiri patebulo:
Mayeso a IOPS sakutanthauza kuti afikire machulukitsidwe, kotero ndikosavuta kudutsa. Ma drive onsewa adachita bwino kwambiri, kutengera zomwe zidanenedwa ndi fakitale. Maphunzirowa adawonetsa ntchito yabwino polemba mu midadada ya 4 KB: 70 ndi 88 zikwi za IOPS. Izi ndizabwino, makamaka kwa Kingston DC500R yowerengera. Ponena za ntchito zowerengera zokha, ma drive a SSD awa samangopitilira mitengo yawo ya fakitale, komanso nthawi zambiri amayandikira denga la mawonekedwe a SATA.
Mayeso a Bandwidth
Chiyeso ichi chimayang'ana zotsatira zotsatizana. Ndiye kuti, ma drive onse a SSD amagwira ntchito motsatizana kuwerenga ndi kulemba mu 1 MB ndi 128 KB midadada. Ulusi 8 wokhala ndi mzere wakuzama wa 16 pa ulusi uliwonse.
Kingston DC500R:
- 128 KB motsatizana kuwerenga: 539,81 MB/s
- 128 KB kulemba motsatizana: 416,16 MB/s
- Kuwerengera kwa 1 MB: 539,98 MB/s
- 1 MB kulemba motsatizana: 425,18 MB/s
Kingston DC500M:
- 128 KB motsatizana kuwerenga: 539,27 MB/s
- 128 KB kulemba motsatizana: 518,97 MB/s
- Kuwerengera kwa 1 MB: 539,44 MB/s
- 1 MB kulemba motsatizana: 518,48 MB/s
Ndipo apa tikuwonanso kuti liwiro lowerengera motsatizana la SSD layandikira malire a mawonekedwe a SATA 3. Kawirikawiri, ma drive a Kingston samasonyeza mavuto ndi kuwerenga motsatizana.
Kulemba motsatizana kumachepera pang'ono, zomwe zimawonekera makamaka mu Kingston DC500R, yomwe ndi ya kalasi yowerengera kwambiri, ndiye kuti, idapangidwa kuti iziwerenga mozama. Chifukwa chake, Kingston DC500R mu gawo ili la mayeso adatulutsa zinthu zotsika kuposa zomwe zanenedwa. Koma akatswiri a Truesystems amakhulupirira kuti kwa galimoto yomwe siinapangidwe kuti ikhale yolemetsa konse (kumbukirani kuti DC500R ili ndi gwero la 0,5 DWPD), izi 400-plus MB / s zikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi zotsatira zabwino.
Mayeso a latency
Monga tanenera kale, ichi ndiye mayeso ofunikira kwambiri pamagalimoto abizinesi. Kupatula apo, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa mavuto omwe amabwera pakagwiritsidwe ntchito kwanthawi yayitali kwa SSD. Mayeso wamba a SNIA PTS amayesa kuchedwa kwapakati komanso kopitilira muyeso kwa makulidwe osiyanasiyana a block (8 KB, 4 KB, 0,5 KB) ndikuwerengera / kulemba ma ratio (100/0, 65/35, 0/100) pakuzama kwa mzere (1 ulusi ndi QD=1). Komabe, okonza Truesystems adaganiza zosintha kwambiri kuti apeze zenizeni zenizeni:
- Kupatula chipika 0,5 KB;
- M'malo mwa katundu wamtundu umodzi wokhala ndi mizere 1 ndi 32, katunduyo amasiyana ndi chiwerengero cha ulusi (1, 2, 4) ndi kuya kwa mzere (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32);
- M'malo mwa chiΕ΅erengero cha 65/35, 70/30 amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga momwe zilili zenizeni;
- Osati zapakati komanso zapamwamba zokha zomwe zimaperekedwa, komanso ma percentiles a 99%, 99,9%;
- pamtengo wosankhidwa wa chiwerengero cha ulusi, ma graph a latency (99%, 99,9% ndi mtengo wapakati) amapangidwa motsutsana ndi IOPS pazitsulo zonse ndikuwerenga / kulemba ma ratios.
Detayo idawerengedwa pamizere inayi ya 25 yokhala ndi masekondi 35 (5 kutentha + 30-sekondi katundu) iliyonse. Kwa ma graph, akonzi a Truesystems adasankha mndandanda wazinthu zokhala ndi mzere wakuzama kuchokera pa 1 mpaka 32 wokhala ndi ulusi 1-4. Izi zidachitika kuti muwone momwe ma drive amagwirira ntchito poganizira latency, ndiko kuti, chizindikiro chowona kwambiri.
Avereji yoyezera kuchedwa:
Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa bwino kusiyana pakati pa DC500R ndi DC500M. Kingston DC500R idapangidwa kuti izikhala yowerengera kwambiri, kotero kuchuluka kwa zolemba sizikuchulukirachulukira, zotsalira pa 25.
Ngati muyang'ana katundu wosakanikirana (70% lembani ndi 30% kuwerenga), kusiyana pakati pa DC500R ndi DC500M kumawonekeranso. Ngati titenga katundu wolingana ndi latency ya 400 ma microseconds, titha kuwona kuti DC500M yodziwika bwino imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito katatu. Izinso ndizachilengedwe ndipo zimachokera ku mawonekedwe a ma drive.
Tsatanetsatane wosangalatsa ndikuti DC500M imaposa DC500R ngakhale pa 100% yowerengedwa, kupereka latency yotsika kwa kuchuluka komweko kwa IOPS. Kusiyana kwake ndi kochepa, koma kosangalatsa kwambiri.
99% latency percentile:
99.9% latency percentile:
Pogwiritsa ntchito ma graph awa, akatswiri a Truesystems adawona kudalirika kwa zomwe zalengezedwa za QoS latency. Zomwe zikuwonetsa 0,5 ms kuwerenga ndi 2 ms kulemba kwa chipika cha 4 KB chokhala ndi mzere wakuya wa 1. Timanyadira kunena kuti ziwerengerozi zidatsimikiziridwa, komanso ndi malire aakulu. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kuchedwa kocheperako (280-290 ΞΌs kwa DC500R ndi 250-260 ΞΌs kwa DC500M) sikutheka ndi QD=1, koma ndi 2-4.
Kulemba latency pa QD = 1 kunali 50 ΞΌs (kutsika kotereku kumapezedwa chifukwa chakuti pa katundu wochepa cache yoyendetsa galimoto imatsimikiziridwa kuti ili ndi nthawi yomasula, ndipo nthawi zonse timawona kuchedwa polemba ku cache). Chiwerengerochi ndi chocheperapo nthawi 40 kuposa mtengo womwe wanenedweratu!
Mayeso Opitilira Magwiridwe
Chiyeso china chowona kwambiri chomwe chimawunika kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito (IOPS ndi latency) panthawi yogwira ntchito yayitali. Zomwe zikugwira ntchito ndikujambula mwachisawawa mu midadada ya 4 KB kwa mphindi 600. Mfundo ya mayesowa ndi yakuti pansi pa katundu wotere, galimoto ya SSD imalowa m'machulukidwe, pamene wolamulira akupitirizabe kusonkhanitsa zinyalala kuti akonzekere zolembera zaulere kuti zilembedwe. Ndiye kuti, iyi ndiye njira yotopetsa kwambiri - ndendende zomwe ma SSD amabizinesi amapeza pama seva enieni.
Kutengera zotsatira zoyesa, Truesystems idalandira zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
Chotsatira chachikulu cha gawo ili la mayeso: onse a Kingston DC500R ndi Kingston DC500M pakugwira ntchito kwenikweni amapitilira mitengo yawo ya fakitale. Pamene midadada yokonzeka itatha, machulukitsidwe amayambira, Kingston DC500R imakhalabe pa 22 IOPS (m'malo mwa 000 IOPS). Kingston DC20M imakhala pakati pa 000-500, ngakhale mbiri ya galimotoyo imati 77 IOPS. Mayesowa akuwonetsanso momveka bwino kusiyana pakati pa ma drive: ngati njira yoyendetsera galimotoyo ikuphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa ntchito zolembera, Kingston DC78M imakhala yochuluka kwambiri katatu (tikukumbukiranso kuti DC000M inawonetsa kuchedwa bwino pakuwerenga ntchito. ).
Latencies panthawi yolemba ntchito zolimbikira zalembedwa mu graph yotsatira. Pakati, 99%, 99,9% ndi 99,99% peresenti.
Tikuwona kuti kuchedwa kwa ma drive onsewo kumawonjezeka molingana ndi kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito, popanda kumiza kwakuthwa kapena nsonga zosadziwika bwino. Izi ndizabwino kwambiri, chifukwa kulosera ndizomwe zimayembekezeredwa kuchokera kumagalimoto abizinesi. Akatswiri a Truesystems akugogomezera kuti kuyesa kunachitika mu ulusi 8 wokhala ndi mzere wakuzama wa 16 pa ulusi uliwonse, chifukwa chake sizinthu zenizeni zomwe ndizofunikira, koma mphamvu. Pamene adayesa DC400, panali kuchedwa kwakukulu mu mayeserowa chifukwa cha ntchito ya wolamulira, koma mu graph iyi Kingston DC500R ndi Kingston DC500M alibe mavuto oterowo.
Katundu Latency Distribution
Monga bonasi, akonzi a Truesystems adayendetsa Kingston DC500R ndi Kingston DC500M kudzera mu mayeso osavuta No. 13 a SNIA SSS PTS 2.0.1. Kugawa kwa kuchedwa pansi pa katundu kunaphunziridwa mu mawonekedwe apadera a CBW:
Makulidwe a block:
Kugawa kwa katundu pa voliyumu yosungira:
Werengani / kulemba chiΕ΅erengero: 60/40%.
Pambuyo pofufutidwa motetezedwa ndikuyikanso, oyesa adathamanga maulendo a 10 60-sekondi ya mayeso akuluakulu kuti awerenge ulusi wa 1-4 ndi kuzama kwa mzere wa 1-32. Kutengera zotsatira, histogram ya kugawa kwamitengo kuchokera pamizere yofanana ndi magwiridwe antchito (IOPS) idapangidwa. Kwa ma drive onsewo adakwaniritsidwa ndi ulusi umodzi wokhala ndi mzere wakuzama wa 4.
Zotsatira zake, ma values ββotsatirawa adapezedwa:
DC500R: 17949 IOPS pa 594 Β΅s latency
DC500M: 18880 IOPS pa 448 Β΅s.
Kugawika kwa latency kunawunikidwa padera kuti awerenge ndi kulemba.
Pomaliza
Olemba a Truesystems adatsimikiza kuti kuyesa kwa Kingston DC500R ndi Kingston DC500M kumatanthauziridwa momveka bwino. Kingston DC500R imagwirizana bwino ndi ntchito zowerengera, ndipo imatha kulimbikitsidwa ngati zida zamaluso pantchito zofananira. Pazinthu zosakanikirana komanso mphamvu zambiri zikafunika, Truesystems imalimbikitsa Kingston DC500M. Bukuli likuwonetsanso mitengo yowoneka bwino yamitundu yonse yamagalimoto amakampani a Kingston ndikuvomereza kuti kusintha kwa TLC 3D-NAND kunathandizadi kuchepetsa mtengo popanda kutaya mtundu. Akatswiri a Truesystems adakondanso kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chaukadaulo cha Kingston komanso chitsimikizo chazaka zisanu chamtundu wa DC500 wama drive.
PS Tikukukumbutsani zimenezo .
Kuti mumve zambiri zazinthu za Kingston Technology, chonde lemberani .
Source: www.habr.com