Intaneti ya Zinthu mwachilengedwe chake imatanthawuza kuti zida zochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zoyankhulirana zitha kusinthanitsa deta. Izi zikuthandizani kuti mulumikizane ndi zida kapena njira zonse zomwe poyamba sizinathe kulumikizana.
Smart city, smart network, smart building, smart home...
Machitidwe anzeru ambiri adatulukira chifukwa cha kugwirizana kapena adasinthidwa kwambiri. Chitsanzo ndi kukonza molosera kwa zida zomangira. Ngakhale m'mbuyomu zinali zotheka kuyembekezera mwachidwi kuyembekezera kukonzanso kumayenera kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito zida, chidziwitsochi tsopano chikuwonjezedwa ndi data yomwe idapezedwa kuchokera ku zida monga kugwedezeka kapena masensa a kutentha omwe amamangidwa mwachindunji mu makina.
Kusinthana kwa data kutha kuchitidwa mwachindunji pakati pa omwe akuchita nawo maukonde kapena kudzera pazipata, monga pakusamutsa deta pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zolumikizirana.
Zipata
Zipata nthawi zina zimatchedwa zida zam'mphepete, monga masensa osapezeka pamalo omwe amatha kusunga zomwe zikubwera mumtambo ngati kulumikizana ndi nsanja ya IoT sikulephera. Kuphatikiza apo, amathanso kukonza deta kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwake ndikufalitsa zomwe zimangowonetsa zolakwika kapena kupitilira malire ovomerezeka papulatifomu ya IoT.
Njira yapadera yolowera pachipata ndi yomwe imatchedwa kuti data concentrator, yomwe ntchito yake ndi kusonkhanitsa deta kuchokera ku masensa ogwirizana ndikupita nawo pamtundu wina wa kulankhulana, mwachitsanzo, pa mawaya. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino ndi chipata chomwe chimasonkhanitsa deta kuchokera ku ma calories angapo pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa IQRF woyikidwa m'chipinda chowotchera chanyumba, chomwe chimatumizidwa kupulatifomu ya IoT pogwiritsa ntchito protocol ya IP monga MQTT.
Zipangizo zozikidwa pakulankhulana kwachindunji zimakhala ndi masensa acholinga chimodzi, monga ma pulse sensors opangidwira mita yamagetsi, omwe amatha kukhala ndi ma SIM makadi. Kumbali ina, zida zogwiritsa ntchito zipata zimaphatikizapo, mwachitsanzo, masensa a Bluetooth Low Energy omwe amayesa kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide m'chipinda.
Maukonde opanda zingwe
Kuphatikiza pa matekinoloje odziwika bwino komanso ofala omwe amalumikizana ndi anthu monga SigFox kapena 3G/4G/5G ma netiweki am'manja, zida za IoT zimagwiritsanso ntchito ma netiweki opanda zingwe am'deralo omwe amapangidwira ntchito inayake, monga kusonkhanitsa deta kuchokera ku masensa oyipitsa mpweya. Mwachitsanzo, LoRaWAN. Aliyense akhoza kupanga maukonde awo, koma ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ali ndi udindo woyang'anira ndi kusunga, zomwe zingakhale zovuta chifukwa chakuti maukondewa amagwira ntchito m'magulu opanda chilolezo.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ma network a anthu onse:
- topology yosavuta yamaneti ikafika pakutumiza zida za IoT;
- kuchepetsa kusungirako kugwirizana;
- woyendetsa ali ndi udindo wa magwiridwe antchito a netiweki.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito ma network a anthu onse:
- kudalira wogwiritsa ntchito maukonde kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kupeza zolakwika zolankhulirana ndikuwongolera munthawi yake;
- kudalira malo owonetsera chizindikiro, omwe amatsimikiziridwa ndi woyendetsa.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito netiweki yanu:
- mtengo wonse wolumikizira ukhoza kukonzedwa pazida zina zolumikizidwa (mwachitsanzo masensa);
- kutalika kwa batire kumatanthauza kuchepa kwa batire.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito netiweki yanu:
- kufunikira kopanga maukonde onse ndikuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwa mauthenga opanda zingwe. Mavuto angabwere, komabe, ngati, mwachitsanzo, ntchito za nyumbayo kapena kupezeka kwasintha ndipo, chifukwa chake, masensa amatha kutaya chizindikiro chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zotumizira deta.
Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti ndikulumikizana kwa zida zomwe zimatilola kukonza ndikusanthula zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje monga Machine Learning kapena Big Data Analysis. Ndi chithandizo chawo, titha kupeza kugwirizana pakati pa deta yomwe poyamba inkawoneka ngati yosadziwika bwino kapena yaing'ono kwa ife, zomwe zimatilola kulingalira za deta yomwe idzayesedwe m'tsogolomu.
Izi zimalimbikitsa njira zatsopano zoganizira momwe chilengedwe chimagwirira ntchito, monga kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu moyenera kapena kuwongolera njira zosiyanasiyana, ndikuwongolera moyo wathu.
Source: www.habr.com