Consensus aligorivimu, asynchronous kulolerana kwa zolakwa zosadziwika, molunjika acyclic graph, kugawa kaundula - za zomwe zimagwirizanitsa mfundozi komanso momwe osapotoza ubongo wanu - m'nkhani ya Hedera Hashgraph.
Malingaliro a kampani Swirls Inc. ndi:
Hedera Hashgraph adagawa nsanja ya leja.
Wosewera:
Lemon Baird, katswiri wa masamu, wopanga Hashgraph algorithm, co-founder, CTO ndi wasayansi wamkulu wa Swirlds Inc.;
Mance Harmon, katswiri wa masamu, woyambitsa ndi CEO wa Swirlds Inc.;
Tom Trowbridge, Purezidenti wa Hedera Hashgraph, Hashgraph Technology Evangelist.
Kutenga nawo mbali mu polojekitiyi:
Kugwira kwachuma Nomura Holding;
Telecommunications kampani Deutsche Telekom;
Kampani yazamalamulo yapadziko lonse ya DLA Piper;
Wogulitsa ku Brazil Magazine Luiza;
Malingaliro a kampani Swisscom AG
Sindikumvetsabe chifukwa chake zidziwitso zonse za Hedera Hashgraph zimaperekedwa mwanjira yosokoneza, kaya izi ndi zotsatira za ndondomeko yachidziwitso ya omanga kapena zinangochitika mwangozi. Koma mulimonsemo, kulemba malemba ogwirizana ponena za Hedera Hashgraph kunakhala kovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zonse zinkawoneka kuti ndi izi, potsiriza ndinamvetsa chirichonse, pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo zinadziwika mobwerezabwereza kuti uku kunali chinyengo chakuya. Pamapeto pake, zikuwoneka kuti chinachake chatanthauzo chinatuluka, komabe - werengani mosamala, kuopsa kwa kusokoneza ubongo wanu sikunachoke.
Gawo 1. Ntchito ya akuluakulu a Byzantine ndi miseche
Pamtima pa nkhaniyi ndi zomwe zimatchedwa Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BTF), kuyesa kwamalingaliro komwe kunapangidwa kuti kuwonetsere vuto la kulunzanitsa kachitidwe kachitidwe ngati kulumikizana kumaonedwa kuti ndi odalirika, koma mfundo siziri. Aliyense amene ali ndi chidwi akhoza kuphunzira nkhaniyi pano kapena apa mwatsatanetsatane.
Ma algorithms a nsanja ya Hedera Hashgraph amamangidwa pa nkhani yapadera ya Byzantine Fault Tolerance, Asynchronous Byzantine General Task, kapena aBFT. Mu 2016, katswiri wa masamu a Lemon Baird adapereka njira yothetsera vutoli ndipo, musakhale opusa, nthawi yomweyo adapereka chilolezo.
Pulatifomu ya Hedera Hashgraph imadziwika ndi kugawana ndi kugwirizanitsa deta ya digito molingana ndi ndondomeko yogwirizana, kugawanika kwa malo osungirako deta komanso kusowa kwa malo amodzi olamulira. Komabe, protocol ya Hashgraph (panthawiyi, Hedera ndi chilengedwe, Hashgraph ndi protocol) si ya blockchains, koma ndi digraph yopanda ma sequential cycles ndipo imakhala ndi magawo ofanana kuyambira pa node imodzi ndikufika kumapeto. m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Mwachidule, ngati blockchain yapamwamba imatha kuwonetsedwa ngati mndandanda wokhazikika wa maulalo (omwe, kwenikweni, ndi katundu wake wamkulu), ndiye kuti Hashgraph imafanana ndi bonsai yokhala ndi nthambi zambiri. Popeza kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira nthawi imodzi kumakhala kopanda malire, Hashgraph imalola kuti zinthu zambiri zizichitika nthawi imodzi (opanga amati 250 zikwi pa sekondi imodzi, zomwe ndizomwe zimatha kasanu ngakhale Visa, osatchula maukonde a Bitcoin), ndipo nthawi zambiri kulibe ndalama zogulira .
Kusiyana kwakukulu kotsatira pakati pa Hashgraph ndi blockchain yachikale ndi miseche sub-protocol. M'mabuku ogawa, kugulitsa kulikonse sikukutanthauza kusamutsa deta yonse, koma chidziwitso chokhudza zambiri (Miseche ya Miseche). Node imadziwitsanso zigawo zina ziwiri zosagwirizana ndi zomwe zimachitika, zomwe zimafalitsa mauthenga kwa ena awiriwo mpaka nthawi yomwe chiwerengero cha node chodziwitsidwa chili chokwanira kuti chigwirizane, ndipo izi zimachitika pamene ma node ambiri amadziwitsidwa ( ndipo ndendende chifukwa cha izi chiwerengero chonenedwa cha zochitika pa nthawi iliyonse chimakwaniritsidwa).
Gawo 2. Blockchain wakupha kapena ayi
Hedera Hashgraph pakali pano ikupangidwa. Makamaka, tikuyesa cryptocurrency yathu mothandizidwa ndi ma micropayments, kusungidwa kwa netiweki kwa mafayilo ndi zolemba zomwe zimatilola kupanga mapangano anzeru potengera zilankhulo za chilengedwe cha Ethereum.
Malingaliro a polojekitiyi sakhala osagwirizana. Magwero ena amatcha Hashgraph kuti ndi "wakupha blockchain", ena amalozera kuti palibe zitsanzo za ntchito zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'malo a Hedera, ena amasokonezedwa ndi mfundo yakuti maziko a nsanja ndi ovomerezeka, ndipo chitukuko chake chili pansi pa kuyang'anira komiti yoyang'anira, yomwe imaphatikizapo oimira makampani angapo kuchokera pamndandanda wa Fortune 500 (ngakhale omaliza amangotanthauza kuti polojekitiyi ili ndi kuthekera kwenikweni ndipo sichinyengo). Mwa njira, nthawi yapitayi polojekitiyi idasinthidwa kukhala kampani ina, Hedera Hashgraph, yomwe imasonyezanso kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa opanga.
Madivelopa, popanda kukangana kwambiri, poyamba anasonkhanitsa $ 18 miliyoni kwa zosowa zogwirira ntchito pa malonda otsekedwa ndipo, patapita nthawi, $ 100. Palibe zofotokozera za ICO zomwe zinanenedwanso, ndipo kawirikawiri, Hedera Hashgraph roadmap ndi kawirikawiri yosamvetsetseka, yomwe. sizilepheretsa kampaniyo kuchita zinthu zogwira ntchito zomwe zimafuna kufalitsa ma aligorivimu ogwirizana, kampaniyo ikugwira ntchito molimbika pakupanga magulu osiyanasiyana a akatswiri - kuchokera kwa olemba mapulogalamu kupita kwa azamalamulo, oimira polojekitiyi achita kale misonkhano yoposa 80 ndi anthu omwe ali ndi chidwi padziko lonse lapansi. dziko, ngakhale kufika ku Russia - pa March 6, msonkhano unachitikira ku Moscow ndi Purezidenti wa Hedera Hashgraph Tom Trowbridge, omwe, monga akunena, adasonkhanitsa oimira ambiri a IT ndi mabwalo azachuma.
Bambo Trowbridge adanena kuti posachedwapa ntchito zosachepera 40 zochokera ku Hedera Hashgraph zikuyembekezeredwa, ndipo kawirikawiri pali oposa 100 omwe akugwira ntchito, kotero m'tsogolomu aliyense adzakhala ndi mwayi wowona momwe chuma ichi chikugwirira ntchito. .
Chiwerengero
Nthawi zambiri, zinthu zingapo zitha kunenedwa motsimikiza. Choyamba, ntchitoyi si yaing'ono ndipo yadzutsa chidwi chachikulu kuchokera kwa oimira mabungwe akuluakulu. Kachiwiri, kwa munthu wosakhala katswiri ndi wosamvetsetseka, zomwe, mwachiwonekere, zimalongosola kusowa kwa deta za iye pagulu la anthu (komanso, kuweruza ndi kanema ndi Bambo Limon, komanso kuti munthu wanzeru uyu sali konse a wolankhula konse). Chachitatu, sizokayikitsa kuti ikhala "wakupha Bitcoin" kapena china chake chomvetsa chisoni, koma zabwino zake zomwe zanenedwa zimawoneka zofunikira kwambiri kuti zitsatire polojekitiyi mosamala kwambiri.
Komanso, pali mphekesera kuti okonza posachedwapa adzakopa gawo lotsatira la ndalama, ndizotheka kuti ndizomveka kutenga nawo mbali.
Source: www.habr.com