Zaka zitatu zapitazo ndinayamba kusintha maloto anga akale kukhala enieni - makina apamwamba kwambiri a nyumba yogulidwa m'nyumba yatsopano kuyambira pachiyambi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, "kumaliza kuchokera kwa wopanga" kunayenera kuperekedwa nsembe kwa nyumba yanzeru ndi kukonzanso kwathunthu, ndipo magetsi onse osakhudzana ndi makina opangidwa ndi makina adachokera ku malo odziwika bwino achi China. Chitsulo chogulitsira sichinkafunika, koma zinatenga nthawi yaitali kuti tipeze amisiri odziwa bwino ntchito, magetsi ndi akalipentala.
Gulu lowongolera zipinda mu February 2020 (Wothandizira Pakhomo)
M'nkhaniyi ndilankhula za kusankha kwaukadaulo wanzeru wapanyumba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mnyumbamo, ndipo ndiperekanso zithunzi zanga zamawaya, zithunzi za chilichonse chomwe chidachitika, mapanelo amagetsi ndi masanjidwe a zida zonse, ndipo ndipereka ulalo. ku GitHub.
Ntchito yomanga nyumba yathu ili mkati - Novembara 2016
Kuwongolera mpweya wabwino kutengera kutentha ndi chinyezi;
Chithunzi cha gulu lowongolera nyumba mu 2020 (Wothandizira Pakhomo)
Malinga ndi kayendedwe ka nyengo:
Kusonkhanitsa zidziwitso zanyengo mkati ndi kunja kwa nyumba (kutentha, chinyezi, mphepo, kuthamanga kwamlengalenga);
Onetsani zofunikira pazida zowonera;
Kwa dongosolo loperekera madzi ozizira ndi otentha:
Zambiri zokhudzana ndi kutayikira ndi kumasulira kwawo;
Mndandandawo unakhala wochititsa chidwi, koma ndinkafuna kukhala ndi chilichonse.
Ndi waya kapena ndi mpweya?
Mwachidziwitso, mu 2017 panalibe zovuta posankha ukadaulo wapanyumba wanzeru. Nali lipoti lochokera kwa m'modzi mwa opanga ku Europe:
Chithunzi kuchokera ku lipoti la 2017 - matekinoloje omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zanzeru
Ndikufuna kudziwa kuti pofika chaka cha 2017 ndinali ndi zaka zisanu zokhala ndi chidwi ndi nyumba zanzeru, kuyambira ndi muyezo wapadera wa Z-Wave, womwe sufuna mawaya owonjezera ndi kukonza, ndikutha ndi makina otsika mtengo a MegaD-328. , zomwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanda kupukuta khoma. Pakati pa mitengoyi ndinali ndi zina zowonjezera zotsika mtengo kusiyanasiyana kwa ma microcontroller aku China ESP8266 okhala ndi mawonekedwe a Wi-Fi m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi masensa. Koma popeza panali mwayi wochita chilichonse m'nyumbamo kuyambira pachiyambi, ndiye choyamba ndidaganizira njira ya waya ndipo izi zinali zolumikizira ndi zinthu zotsatirazi:
Mtengo wa KNX
Loxone
Wiren Board
Malingaliro a kampani PLC ARIES
MegaD 2561
Kwa nthawi yayitali ndimayang'anitsitsa basi ya KNX yokhazikika, yomwe siimangiriridwa ndi wogulitsa. Ndidayendera oyika angapo ku Perm ndi Moscow, koma ndalama zomwe zidalengezedwa pazida zokha (~ 700k rubles) zinali zodabwitsa. Zotsatira zake, KNX idayenera kusiyidwa.
Wiren Board ndi Loxone nawonso adasiya chifukwa chandalama.
ARIES PLC idawoneka kwa ine yovutirapo pantchito zomwe zanenedwa - pambuyo pake, izi ndizomwe zimapangidwira mafakitale.
Kotero panali njira imodzi yokha yomwe yatsala - woyang'anira MegaD 2561 ku Samara. Komanso, ndinali nditadziwa kale ntchito ndi iye.
Kuyesera kukopa wopanga ku lingaliro langa
Ndinayesa kusintha mawaya amagetsi a nyumbayo ndi wopanga, zomwe ndidapempha:
Pambuyo pake, mapangidwe a automation anayamba: zomwe mungagwirizane nazo ndi doko liti - panali zingwe zambiri. Makinawa ndi MegaD-2561. Pansipa pali mapepala awiri mwa asanu ndi atatu a polojekiti ya "wiring".
Wiring wa gawo la mphamvu pa MegaD-2561 actuator
Pafupifupi mizere yonse yamagetsi imatambasulidwa kuchokera kwa ogula mwachindunji pagulu - izi zidakulitsa kutalika kwa njira zama chingwe, koma ndimafuna kukonzekera kopitilira muyeso.
Wiring polumikiza masensa pa chipangizo MegaD-2561
Kukonza ndi kumaliza ntchito
Pambuyo pojambula mapulojekiti onse ndi kuperekedwa komaliza kwa nyumbayo ndi wopanga mapulogalamuwo, ntchito inayamba kugwetsa "kukonza" komwe kulipo komanso makina amagetsi a wopanga.
Kugwetsa kukonzanso m'chipinda chogona
Atagwetsa, ntchito yomanga inayambika, kuphatikizapo kukoka zingwe, pamodzi ndi mageti a makoma.
Kukoka zingwe zatsopano
Pakukonzanso, tinkafunika kusintha kaΕ΅irikaΕ΅iri pamapangidwe a mawaya, ndikusintha zonse zakomweko.
Chithunzi chokhala ndi ma cabling oyipa
Chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga makina apanyumba ndikukonza zingwe zonse kukhala malo amodzi komanso abwino. Kwa malo awa, ndinasankha kagawo kakang'ono kopangidwa ndi omanga - chipinda cha zinthu - chomwe chili mumsewu, pafupi ndi khomo lakumaso.
Makabati atatu amagetsi - malo amodzi olumikizira zingwe zonse
Zovuta kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu
Kukonzanso kutatha kumayambiriro kwa 2018, gawo losangalatsa kwambiri linayamba - kukhazikitsa machitidwe onse ndikusankha mapulogalamu olamulira a nyumba yanzeru.
Kumayambiriro koyambirira, ndondomekoyi idachepetsedwa chifukwa chakuti sindinathe kukonza chilichonse chakutali: wogwiritsa ntchito telecom adalumikiza nyumba kudzera pa GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) ndipo panali mapeto ogwirizanitsa mawonekedwe a Huawei rauta, koma ndimafuna kukhala ndi MikroTik yoyika, chifukwa, m'malingaliro mwanga, ndi imodzi mwazabwino kwambiri potengera chiΕ΅erengero chamtengo wapatali lero. Zotsatira zake, malotowo adakwaniritsidwa, koma akadali masabata angapo kuwonjezera pa nthawi yomwe adagwiritsa ntchito kukhazikitsa.
Kukhazikitsa Huawei HG8245H mu 2018 kuti igwire ntchito limodzi ndi MikroTik
Ndinali ndi kabati yosinthira padera mkati mwa nyumbayo pansi pa denga la zipangizo zoyankhulirana - idaphatikizidwa ndikukonzanso pasadakhale (mutha kuziwona pazithunzi pamwambapa), ndipo panthawi yokonzanso osati zingwe zopotoka. komanso chingwe chowunikira chinatambasulidwa kwa icho.
Makina opangira kunyumba okhala ndi openHAB ndi Home Assistant
Poyamba, ndidayamba kupanga makina anga onse apanyumba pa openHAB. Ndipo sikunali kuyamba mwachangu, ngakhale ndinali ndi chidziwitso kale ndi openHAB. Kodi makina opangira nyumba awa ndi chiyani?
OpenHAB (imayimira Open Home Automation Bus) idayamba mu 2010, pomwe chitukuko chake chidayambitsidwa ndi Kai Kreuzer ku Germany ngati nsanja yotseguka yomangira makina. Mu 2010, panalibe mayankho otere ndipo openHAB m'njira zambiri idakhala chitsanzo chamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamanyumba anzeru omwe tikuwona pano. Lingaliro lake ndi losavuta: kuphatikiza mayankho ochokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana, mosasamala kanthu za protocol ndi mawonekedwe aukadaulo, papulatifomu imodzi yotseguka. Izi zimakupatsani mwayi wopewa wopanga aliyense ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse zokhala ndi mawonekedwe amodzi owongolera.
Kodi Visual Studio. OpenHAB VS Code Extension
The actuator yofunika kwambiri ya zodzichitira kunyumba m'nyumba anali MegaD-2561 wowongolera mawaya - amayatsa nyali ndi kuzimitsa, ndi kulandira kuwerenga kuchokera masensa onse ndi mamita.
Ili ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma analogues ~ 3 rubles. (pakumapeto kwa 500) kwa owongolera kuphatikiza, ma module awiri owonjezera amafunikira kuti agwire ntchito, mwachitsanzo:
gawo lachiwiri: 14 chilengedwe hardware-configurable zolowetsa + 1 relay linanena bungwe ndi luso kulumikiza mabatani onse ndi masensa digito I2C, 1-waya, etc.: ~ 3 rubles (pa mapeto a 000);
Ndili ndi ma seti awiri omwe adayikidwa mnyumba yanga, ndiye kuti, owongolera awiri ndi ma module anayi owonjezera.
Poyang'ana mtengo wake wotsika, mungaganize kuti ichi ndi chipangizo chabwino chopangira makina apanyumba, koma izi sizowona. Ichi ndi chipangizo cha Geek DIY choyamba, ndipo ngati mulibe nthawi ndi kuleza mtima pakukhazikitsa koyambirira ndi kulumikizidwa mwakuthupi, ndiye kuti SIZANU. Komanso, MegaD-2561 sigwira ntchito m'bokosi, monga Xiaomi Mi Home.
Ndipo ngati makina anu m'nyumba kapena m'nyumba simukuchitidwa ndi inu, koma ndi bungwe lapadera, ndiye kuti simungathe kupatsidwa chipangizochi, chifukwa ndi chotsika kwambiri kwa oyika akatswiri.
Koma ndinali ndi chikhumbo ndi nthawi yodziwira ndekha ndipo nthawi yomweyo kupeza "wamkulu" magwiridwe antchito (omwe chipangizochi chikhoza kupereka kasinthidwe koyenera), chifukwa malinga ndi KNX, zomwe poyamba ndimayang'anitsitsa, ndinangotchulidwa kokha. mtengo wotere wa zida, zomwe ndinamaliza kulipira kukonzanso zonse, mipando ndi ntchito zonse zamagetsi, kuphatikizapo zida zopangira makina ndi masensa. Ndipo kwa KNX ichi chinali mtengo wa zida popanda kukhazikitsa ndi kasinthidwe.
Poyamba zonse zinkagwira ntchito m'nyumba, koma patapita chaka ndinakumana ndi zovuta zosaneneka ndi openHAB muzinthu zosavuta, zomwe ndinali nditazichita kale nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, mu 2019 ndidaganiza zosinthira ku Home Assistant.
Koma awa si mapeto a nkhaniyi, koma ndi gawo loyamba la nkhaniyo. Ndikonza gawo lachiwiri la nkhaniyi mkati mwa milungu iwiri.
Mu gawo loyamba la nkhaniyi, ndikukuuzani zomwe ndimalota mu 2016 ndi zomwe ndidalandira pofika pakati pa 2018. Ndimalankhulanso za kuyesa kwanga komwe sikulephera kukopa wopanga mapulogalamu apanyumba komanso zomwe zidandipangitsa kuti ndipange projekiti zonse zongopanga zokha.
M'nkhani yomwe ndimapereka zithunzi kuchokera kumalo omanga ndi kukonza ndi kumaliza ntchito. Ndimadandaulanso za zovuta zamapulogalamu pakukhazikitsa ndikulankhula za openHAB home automation system.
Mu gawo lachiwiri ndikuwonetsa zithunzi zonse zomaliza za nyumbayo ndi mapanelo onse amagetsi omwe amabwera, ndikulankhulanso za zovuta zomwe ndidakumana nazo munjira ina yopangira nyumba - Wothandizira Kunyumba.