Pa Habr.
Posachedwapa, nthawi zambiri ndimakumana ndi kusamvetsetsana pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito aku Russia okhudzana ndi kulipira popanda kulumikizana ndi zida zamagetsi zotsika mtengo komanso udindo wa chipangizo cha NFC pakuchita izi.
Udindo waukulu mu izi umaseweredwa ndi mitundu yonse yazinthu zankhani, olemba omwe mosaganizira (kapena mwadala, monga nsembe ya clickbait) kukopera-kumata wina ndi mzake, akubwera ndi zidule zosangalatsa. Zinthu zikuipiraipira ndi kulengeza kwa zida zatsopano, monga Xiaomi Mi Band 4, komanso nkhani zakubwera posachedwa kwa Xiaomi Mi Pay ku Russia, mogwirizana ndi MasterCard.
Ndi positiyi ndikufuna kuchotsa kusamvana komwe kwachitika mu RuNet pamutuwu.
Pakadali pano, ndi mitundu yochepa chabe ya zida zomwe zimatha kulipira popanda kulumikizana polipira pogwiritsa ntchito NFC:
- Apple Watch ndi Apple Pay;
- Wotchi yanzeru yotengera makina ogwiritsira ntchito kuchokera ku Google (Android Wear, Wear OS) ndi chithandizo cha Google Pay;
- Wotchi yanzeru kuchokera ku Samsung pa Tizen OS yokhala ndi Samsung Pay system;
- Fitbit Pay (yosagwira ntchito ku Russia) ndipo mwinanso zosankha zingapo zosatchuka.
Kawirikawiri, palibe zipangizo zoterezi pamsika, ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, mtengo wawo udzakhala wopanda pake kwa ambiri posankha, pamodzi ndi kudziyimira pawokha.
Zaka zingapo zapitazo, mitundu yokhala ndi chip ya NFC idayamba kuwonekera pamsika wamitundu yonse ya zibangili zolimbitsa thupi ndi mawotchi anzeru. Apa ndipamene zinayambira ... Atolankhani amasokoneza anthu omwe ali ndi mwayi wolipira popanda kulumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito Alipay, osamvetsetsa momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ndikulonjeza kubwera kwa ndalama zamafoni pa dzanja lililonse. Komabe palibe kufika. Ogwiritsa ntchito akufuna kukhulupirira kuti posachedwa Mi Band 3 yawo yotsika mtengo, yogulidwa mwanzeru ndi NFC, ilowa m'malo mwa chikwama chawo. Koma, tsoka.
Zambiri mwazinthu zoterezi zimapangidwa ku China pamsika wapakhomo. Ambiri omwe adalowa nawo pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi. Kodi zinthu zikuyenda bwanji ndi malipiro osalumikizana nawo pamsika waku China? Tekinoloje ziwiri ziyenera kuwunikira apa:
1. Malipiro pogwiritsa ntchito QR kapena barcode. Anthu aku China amagwiritsa ntchito izi kulikonse. Mfundo yake ndi iyi. Pafupifupi aliyense wogwiritsa ntchito ali ndi foni yam'manja ndi iye. Ndi kuthekera kwa 99,9%, foni yamakono ili ndi "zochuluka kuposa messenger" WeChat, yokhala ndi chikwama chamagetsi, kapena pulogalamu ya Alipay - pafupifupi banki yamagetsi yochokera ku gulu la Alibaba. Pali njira ziwiri zolipirira potuluka pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa pa smartphone yanu. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa iwo.
1.1 Wogwiritsa amasanthula nambala ya QR ya wogulitsa pogwiritsa ntchito kamera ya smartphone. Lowetsani ndalama zomwe zikufunika, kapena zasungidwa kale mu code ya QR ya wogulitsa. Kenako, imatsimikizira zomwe zachitikazo (password kapena biometrics). Ndalamazo zimachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo ku chikwama cha wogula mokomera wogulitsa. Njirayi singagwiritsidwe ntchito pa chibangili chifukwa chosowa kamera.
1.2 Wogwiritsa akuwonetsa wogulitsa QR / barcode yake yopangidwa ndi pulogalamu ya chikwama. Wogulitsa "amayimba" ndi sikani yake ya ndalama yomwe ili m'manja. Ndalamayi imalembedwanso nthawi yomweyo mokomera wogulitsa. Kodi chida cholipira chimafuna chiyani pa izi? Zomwe zili nazo ndikuwonetsa komanso ubongo. Chifukwa chake, njira yolipirirayi idakhazikitsidwa kudzera muzoyeserera za Alipay. Chida chothandizira kuvala chimalumikizidwa ndi pulogalamu ya Alipay. Akaunti yotetezedwa yosiyana imapangidwira iye mu chikwama (ndi malire a malipiro). Ma code static (QR ndi barcode) amaperekedwa ku chida ndikulowamo. Ndiye kulipira kumachitika popanda intaneti, popanda kutenga nawo mbali kwa foni yamakono. Zogulitsa zimatumizidwa ku ma seva a Alipay kuchokera polipira sitolo. M'malo mwake, iyi ndi njira yokhayo yolipirira kugula m'sitolo ku China pogwiritsa ntchito zida zotere.
2. NFC yayikulu komanso yamphamvu. Pano sitilankhula za malipiro okha, komanso mwayi wina wa zibangili ndi chip NFC. Tiyeni tiyambe, ndithudi, ndi malipiro. Nchiyani chimabwera choyamba apa? Ndiko kulondola, Chitetezo. Miband yomweyi, ndi olamulira awo ang'onoang'ono ndi tchipisi ta NFC zotsika mtengo, sangathe kupereka chitetezo chokwanira kotero kuti wopanga amawakhulupirira kuti atsanzire makhadi aku banki a ogwiritsa ntchito. Koma khadi ya transport ndi nkhani ina. Nthawi zambiri amakhala opanda kilobucks atagona mozungulira. Kwenikweni, ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za chipangizo cha NFC mu trackers ngati miband. Mfundo yake ndi iyi. Wopanga amagwirizana ndi zonyamulira anthu (metro, mabasi amtawuni). Mu ntchito ya eni, mu gawo la ntchito za NFC, wogwiritsa ntchito amagula khadi yoyendera ya chibangili chake. Pafupifupi, ndithudi, koma pamtengo weniweni - pafupifupi 20 yuan (~ 200 rubles) osabwezeredwa ndalama zotsalira ndi zina zonse (apa ndalamazo ndi zanu). Khadiyo imalembedwa mu chibangili ndiyeno imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamtheradi payokha polipira maulendo. Ndizothandiza kwambiri, popeza palibe mayendedwe owonjezera omwe amafunikira kuti ayambitse, ingokwezani dzanja lanu kwa owerenga ndipo malipiro amapangidwa. Khadiyo imakulitsidwanso mosavuta pakugwiritsa ntchito chibangili, pogwiritsa ntchito WeChat kapena Alipay yemweyo.
Ntchito ina yomwe imatsagana ndi zibangili ndi chipangizo cha NFC ndikutsanzira makhadi. Ntchitoyi ndi yothandiza komanso yosavuta, koma ku China, mwachitsanzo, muzochitika zamakono ndizochedwa. Ndifotokoza chifukwa chake. Choyamba, NFC imagwira ntchito pa 13,56 MHz. Chifukwa chake, makhadi okha omwe ali ndi ma frequency awa amathandizidwa. Kachiwiri, ndi nkhani ya chitetezo. Chibangili chimatha kuwerenga ndikutsanzira molondola makhadi popanda kubisa ndipo, monga zidakhalira (chifukwa cha forum ya 4pda), kutalika kwa UID kuyenera kukhala ma byte 4. Apo ayi, ngakhale mutakopera khadi, wowerenga pakhomo sangakutsegulireni chitseko. Apa opanga amachita mosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito MiFit sikukulolani kuti mukopere khadi losagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kwa chibangili cha Hey + kumakopera mopanda manyazi chilichonse chomwe chingathe, koma sikutsimikizira kugwira ntchito moyenera. Monga momwe zasonyezera, muyenerabe kuyang'ana intercom kapena malo ochezera ku China omwe ndi osatetezeka. Sindinapeze.
Ku Russia, zinthu zikuyenda bwino pakugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ogwiritsa ntchito pabwalo lomwelo amatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse ndi Moskvyonok pass-through card komanso ndi ma intercom.
Palinso mwayi wina wosangalatsa - kupanga khadi "loyera", kupita ku kampani yoyang'anira ndikulembetsa mu dongosolo lawo. Tsoka ilo, sindinathe kuliyesa pazifukwa zingapo. Mmodzi wa iwo sanandisiye mwayi umodzi - MiFit yodziwika bwino yochokera ku Xiaomi, kuti apange khadi yotere, ndikufunsa kuti nditsimikizire kuti ndine ndani pogwiritsa ntchito ID yaku China, yomwe sindingakhale nayo. Ndipo kawirikawiri, chitetezo cha China sichikugona. Ngati ntchitoyi ndi yotseguka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi chibangili cha Hey +, ndiye kuti MiFit imangokana kuyambitsa ntchito za NFC pamaakaunti olembetsedwa kunja kwa China.
Ndikuganiza kuti ndithera apa.
Zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi zimachokera ku zochitika zaumwini ndi mfundo zomveka kuchokera ku izo.
Ndipo zomaliza zake ndi izi: simuyenera kuyembekezera kuwoneka kwa njira zolipirira m'gulu la otsika mtengo, ngakhale ndi chipangizo cha NFC chomangidwa. Ngakhale potengera nkhani zakubwera kwa Mi Pay ku Russia. Ngati Mi Pay yomweyi ikuwoneka mtsogolomo pa imodzi mwa Mi Bands yomwe ikuyenera kuperekedwa, sikhala isanayesedwe pamsika wawo waku China. Ndipo palibe zokambidwa za izi.
Ndikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi idzakhala yothandiza kwa anthu ammudzi komanso RuNet lonse. Kutsutsidwa kwaumoyo ndikovomerezeka.
Source: www.habr.com