Maboma a mayiko ambiri, m’njira zosiyanasiyana, amalepheretsa nzika kupeza chidziŵitso ndi ntchito zina pa Intaneti. Kulimbana ndi kuwunika kotereku ndi ntchito yofunika komanso yovuta. Nthawi zambiri, njira zosavuta sizingadzitamandire kudalirika kwakukulu kapena kuchita bwino kwanthawi yayitali. Njira zovuta kwambiri zogonjetsera kutsekereza zimakhala ndi zovuta pakugwiritsa ntchito, kutsika pang'ono, kapena osalola kusunga kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti pamlingo woyenera.
Gulu la asayansi aku America ochokera ku yunivesite ya Illinois njira yatsopano yogonjetsera kutsekereza, zomwe zachokera kugwiritsa ntchito umisiri tidzakulowereni, komanso segmenting owerenga ndi mlingo chikhulupiriro kuti bwino kuzindikira nthumwi ntchito censors. Tikukufotokozerani mfundo zazikulu za ntchitoyi.
Kufotokozera njira
Asayansi apanga chida chotchedwa Salmon, dongosolo la ma proxy seva oyendetsedwa ndi anthu ongodzipereka ochokera kumayiko osaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti. Pofuna kuteteza ma seva awa kuti asatsekedwe ndi ma censors, dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito algorithm yapadera popereka mulingo wodalirika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Njirayi ikuphatikizira kuwulula othandizira omwe amawoneka ngati ogwiritsa ntchito wamba kuti adziwe adilesi ya IP ya seva ya proxy ndikuyiletsa. Komanso, kutsutsa ikuchitika kudzera muzofunikira kuti mupereke, polembetsa mu dongosolo, cholumikizira ku akaunti yovomerezeka yapaintaneti kapena kupeza malingaliro kuchokera kwa wogwiritsa ntchito yemwe ali ndi chidaliro chachikulu.
Kodi ntchito
Censor ikuyenera kukhala bungwe lolamulidwa ndi boma lomwe lingathe kulamulira router iliyonse mkati mwa dziko. Zimaganiziridwanso kuti ntchito ya censor ndikuletsa kupeza zinthu zina, komanso kuti asazindikire ogwiritsa ntchito kuti amangidwenso. Dongosolo silingalepheretse chitukuko chotere cha zochitika mwanjira iliyonse - boma liri ndi mwayi wambiri wodziwa zomwe nzika zimagwiritsa ntchito. Chimodzi mwa izo ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma seva a uchi kuti azitha kulumikizana.
Zimaganiziridwanso kuti boma liri ndi chuma chachikulu, kuphatikizapo anthu. Censor imatha kuthetsa mavuto omwe amafunikira mazana kapena masauzande a ogwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
Mfundo zingapo zofunika:
- Cholinga cha dongosololi ndikupereka mwayi wodutsa kutsekereza (mwachitsanzo, kupereka adilesi ya IP ya seva ya proxy) kwa ogwiritsa ntchito onse okhala m'zigawo zomwe zili ndi intaneti.
- Othandizira/ogwira ntchito a oyang'anira zowunikira pa intaneti ndi m'madipatimenti angayese kulumikizana ndi makinawa mobisa ngati anthu wamba.
- Censor imatha kuletsa seva ya proxy iliyonse yomwe adilesi yake imadziwika kwa iye.
- Pankhaniyi, okonza dongosolo la Salmon amamvetsetsa kuti censor mwanjira ina adaphunzira adilesi ya seva.
Zonsezi zimatifikitsa ku kufotokozera kwa zigawo zitatu zazikulu za dongosolo logonjetsa ma blockages.
- Dongosolo limawerengera mwayi woti wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ndi wothandizira mabungwe owunika. Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe apezeka kuti ali othekera kwambiri kukhala othandizira amaletsedwa.
- Wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense ali ndi mulingo wodalirika womwe umayenera kulipidwa. Ma proxies omwe akuchita mwachangu kwambiri amaperekedwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi chidaliro chapamwamba kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, izi zimakulolani kuti mulekanitse ogwiritsa ntchito odalirika, oyesedwa nthawi ndi atsopano, chifukwa pakati pawo nthawi zambiri amakhala othandizira censor.
- Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi chikhulupiliro chachikulu akhoza kuitana ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano ku dongosolo. Chotsatira chake ndi graph ya chikhalidwe cha ogwiritsa ntchito odalirika.
Chilichonse ndichabwino: censor nthawi zambiri imayenera kutsekereza seva ya proxy pano ndi pano; sadzadikira nthawi yayitali kuti ayese "kupopera" maakaunti a othandizira ake mudongosolo. Kuphatikiza apo, zikuwonekeranso kuti ogwiritsa ntchito atsopano atha kulandira zikhulupiriro zosiyanasiyana - mwachitsanzo, abwenzi ndi achibale a omwe adayambitsa polojekitiyo sangagwirizane ndi censor states.
Miyezo Yodalira: Tsatanetsatane wa Kagwiritsidwe
Pali mlingo wodalirika osati pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito okha, komanso pakati pa ma seva ovomerezeka. Dongosolo limapatsa wogwiritsa ntchito mulingo wina seva yokhala ndi mulingo wodalirika womwewo. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mlingo wa chikhulupiliro cha ogwiritsa ntchito ukhoza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa, ndipo pazochitika za ma seva zimangokulirakulira.
Nthawi zonse ma censors atsekereza seva yomwe wogwiritsa ntchito wina amagwiritsa ntchito, kudalira kwawo kumachepa. Chikhulupiriro chimawonjezeka ngati seva sichitsekedwa kwa nthawi yaitali - ndi mlingo uliwonse watsopano nthawi yofunikira imawirikiza kawiri: kuchoka pa mlingo n kupita ku n + 1, mukufunikira 2n + 1 masiku osasokonezeka a seva ya proxy. Njira yopita kumtunda, wachisanu ndi chimodzi, mulingo wakukhulupirirana umatenga miyezi iwiri.
Kudikirira motalika chotere kuti mudziwe maadiresi a ma seva abwino kwambiri a proxy ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothanirana ndi ma censor.
Kudalirika kwa seva ndi gawo lochepera la chidaliro chomwe ogwiritsa ntchito amapatsidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati seva yatsopano mu dongosolo imaperekedwa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito, omwe chiwerengero chochepa ndi 2, ndiye kuti wothandizira adzalandiranso chimodzimodzi. Ngati ndiye munthu yemwe ali ndi chiwerengero cha 3 akuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito seva, koma ogwiritsa ntchito pa mlingo wachiwiri amakhalabe, ndiye kuti chiwerengero cha seva chidzakhala 2. Ngati onse ogwiritsa ntchito seva awonjezera mlingo, ndiye kuti akuwonjezeka kwa wothandizira. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, seva singathe kutaya chikhulupiliro chake; M'malo mwake, ngati yatsekedwa, ogwiritsa ntchito adzalipitsidwa.
Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi chidaliro chachikulu amalandira mitundu iwiri ya mphotho. Choyamba, ma seva sali ofanana. Pali zofunikira zochepa za bandwidth (100 Kbps), koma mwini seva wodzipereka angapereke zambiri - palibe malire apamwamba. Dongosolo la Salmon limasankha ma seva opambana kwambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi mavoti apamwamba kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ali ndi chidaliro chachikulu amatetezedwa bwino kuti asawukidwe ndi ma censors, popeza cholemberacho chiyenera kudikirira kwa miyezi kuti adziwe adilesi ya proxy. Zotsatira zake, mwayi wa ma seva otsekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndiwotsika kangapo kuposa omwe ali ndi chidaliro chochepa.
Kuti mulumikizane ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri oyenerera momwe angathere ku ma proxies abwino kwambiri, omwe amapanga Salmon apanga njira yolimbikitsira. Ogwiritsa omwe ali ndi ma rating apamwamba (L) amatha kuitana anzawo kuti alowe nawo papulatifomu. Anthu oitanidwa adavotera L-1.
Dongosolo la recommender limagwira ntchito pamafunde. Gulu loyamba la ogwiritsa ntchito oitanidwa limangopeza mwayi woitana anzawo patatha pafupifupi miyezi inayi. Ogwiritsa ntchito mafunde achiwiri ndi otsatira ayenera kudikirira miyezi iwiri.
Ma module a dongosolo
Dongosololi lili ndi zigawo zitatu:
- Salmon kasitomala kwa Windows;
- pulogalamu ya seva ya daemon yokhazikitsidwa ndi anthu odzipereka (mitundu ya Windows ndi Linux);
- Seva yapakati yomwe imasunga nkhokwe ya ma seva onse oyimira ndikugawa ma adilesi a IP pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito.
Mawonekedwe a kasitomala a System
Kuti agwiritse ntchito dongosololi, munthu ayenera kupanga akaunti pogwiritsa ntchito akaunti ya Facebook.
Pomaliza
Pakalipano, njira ya Salmon siigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndi mapulojekiti ang'onoang'ono oyendetsa ndege omwe amadziwika kwa ogwiritsa ntchito ku Iran ndi China. Ngakhale kuti iyi ndi pulojekiti yosangalatsa, sizimapereka kusadziwika bwino kapena chitetezo kwa odzipereka, ndipo opanga okha amavomereza kuti amatha kuzunzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mautumiki a uchi. Komabe, kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo lokhala ndi magawo okhulupilira kumawoneka ngati kuyesa kosangalatsa komwe kungathe kupitilizidwa.
Ndizo zonse za lero, zikomo chifukwa cha chidwi chanu!
Zothandiza maulalo ndi zipangizo kuchokera :
Source: www.habr.com