🥇Kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a WDS: kuwonjezera kuthekera koyambira mu UEFI

Hello aliyense!

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza masitepe omwe muyenera kutsatira kuti muwonjezere mphamvu ya boot ya UEFI ku WDS yanu.

Iwo. Malangizo omwe ali m'nkhaniyi akuganiza kuti muli ndi masinthidwe awa:

1. Windows Server 2012R2 (или новее)
2. Полностью настроенный DHCP для работы с WDS
3. Собственно сам WDS
4. IIS
5. Виртуальная машина или ПК с Ubuntu

Komanso, apa pali zomwe zafotokozedwa zomwe sizinandibweretsere zotsatira zoyenera.
Ndinawafotokozera kuti atsogolere kusaka ndikusunga nthawi yanu.

Maulosi

Ndinapanga WDS kuntchito ndi zinthu zambiri zabwino, tk. kutopa ndi kuthamanga mozungulira ndi gulu la ma flash drive ndikuwalemba.

Nkhanizi zandithandiza motere:
Kuwonjezera WDS Versatility
PXE boot menyu yokhala ndi System Center Configuration Manager

Zikuwoneka ngati izi

Ndipo zonse zinali bwino, zithunzi zatsopano zidawonjezeredwa kuti zitsitsidwe, chithunzi cha winPE chinali chodzaza ndi zatsopano ndipo zonse zinagwira ntchito.

Koma, kutali ndi zida zonse zothandizira BIOS / Legacy boot mode, kapena ngati zitero, ndiye kuti kuphatikizidwa kwake kungakhale pamalo osadziwika bwino.

Inde, ndikuyika mazenera mumayendedwe a cholowa, ngati kuli kotheka kukhazikitsa mu UEFI, sizozizira.

Zotsatira zake, ndidasankha kuwonjezera kuthekera koyambira mu UEFI, ndikupita ku Google.

Koma sindinapeze chidziwitso chokhazikika chamomwe mungapezere WDS + UEFI yogwira ntchito.
Kwenikweni, n’chifukwa chake ndinaganiza zolemba nkhaniyi.

Ndisanayambe, ndikufotokozera vuto lomwe linatenga nthawi yambiri.

Mukawonjezera UEFI ku WDS, zotsatirazi, zomwe sizikuwonekera ndizotheka:

Ngati muwonjezera fayilo ya boot ku WDS komanso mukayesa kuyambitsa pa chipangizocho
mu UEFI mukuwona mawu awa:
The selected boot device failed. Press <Enter> to Continue.
Kapena Boot Device Not Found
Koma kutsitsa cholowa kumakuthandizani.
Ndiye chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zingatheke ndikusowa kwa fayilo wdsmgfw.efi,
panjira iyi: %WDSpath%Bootx64wdsmgfw.efi

Mutha kutenga apa: C:WindowsSystem32RemInstbootx64wdsmgfw.efi
Kapena, ngati pazifukwa zina fayilo ilibe kwa inu, ndidayiyikapo sakani.
Kwa yankho ili, zikomo anyamata ochokera reddit.

Ndi vutoli, ndinapha nthawi zambiri, chifukwa. Ndinaganiza kuti vuto linali penapake pakusintha kwa WDS kapena DHCP.

Kukonza ndondomeko powonjezera Ma Vendor Classes pamapangidwe osiyanasiyana, ndikusintha zosankha za DHCP 060, 066, 067. Malangizo pokonza ndondomeko za DHCP.

Zomangamanga mu ASCII pokonza DHCP

PXEClient:Arch:00000 - BIOS/Legacy
PXEClient: Arch:00006 - UEFI x86
PXEClient: Arch:00007 - UEFI x64

Komanso, ndinayesa zosankha zosiyanasiyana za mafayilo a boot. .efi

alireza
bulu 2

Ndinayesanso kupeza vuto mu Log Chochitika.
win + r -> eventvwr -> Журналы приложений и служб -> Microsoft -> Windows -> Deployment-Services-Diagnostics

Koma, monga ndanenera pamwambapa, vuto lili mufayilo wdsmgfw.efi.
Mwina ndidazichotsa mwangozi ndekha, kapena sizinakopedwe pakuyika
ndi kukhazikitsa WDS.

Chabwino, tiyeni tiyambe!

Malangizo

Gawo 1 - Onetsetsani kuti WDS ikugwira ntchito

Tengani chipangizo chilichonse kapena makina enieni omwe ali ndi chithandizo choyambira mu UEFI pamaneti ndikuyesa kuyambitsa.

Muyenera kukhala ndi chithunzi ichi:

Ngati ndi choncho, zabwino, mukhoza kupitiriza.
Ngati sichoncho, onani zomwe ndalemba m'mawu oyamba.

Gawo 2 - Kumanga iPXE Boot Fayilo

Timakhazikitsa Ubuntu wokonzekeratu, tsegulani terminal ndikuyika mzere uwu:

git clone https://git.ipxe.org/ipxe.git ipxe

Pano ndikufuna kunena pang'ono kuti mungafunike kuwonjezera ma phukusi ku Ubuntu omwe ali ofunikira polemba C ndi C ++.
Ndangowayika.

Zadawunilodi? - Zabwino!
Tsopano muyenera kupanga fayilo yokonzekera msonkhano.
Mu terminal, timalemba kuti:

cd ipxe/src
gedit chain.ipxe

Ndipo muyike nambala iyi mufayiloyi, kenako sungani:

#!ipxe

dhcp
chain http://%IP-address-your-IIS-server%/install.ipxe

Timabwerera ku terminal ndikuyamba kuphatikiza:

make bin-x86_64-efi/ipxe.efi EMBED=chain.ipxe

Ngati zonse zili bwino, ndiye kuti muyenera kupeza zotsatirazi mu terminal:

Ndipo file ipxe.efi, panjira: ipxe/src/bin-x86_64-efi/ipxe.efi
Ngati pazifukwa zina simungathe kupanga nokha,
Ndaphatikiza yanga fayilo.
Imapangidwa kuti iyambike kuchokera http://192.168.0.100/install.ipxe

Ndizo zonse za Ubuntu.

Khwerero 3 - Kuwonjezera ipxe.efi ku WDS

Timatenga fayilo yomwe tidalandira mu gawo lachiwiri ndikuyikopera m'njira:
%WDSpath%Bootx64%your-boot-folder%EFIBOOT
Titatchulanso kuti BOOTX64.EFI.
Sizofunikira, ndizosavuta kwambiri.

Kenako timayamba cmd m'malo mwa woyang'anira, ndipo lembani malamulo otsatirawa:

wdsutil /set-server /bootprogram:Bootx64%your-boot-folder%EFIBOOTBOOTX
64.EFI /architecture:x64uefi
и
wdsutil /set-server /N12bootprogram:Bootx64%your-boot-folder%EFIBOOTBOOTX
64.EFI /architecture:x64uefi

Izi zidzakhazikitsa fayilo yomwe idzatsitsidwe kudzera pa WDS.

Tiyeni tiwone masinthidwe:

wdsutil /get-server /Show:Config

Ndinakoperanso fayilo ya ipxe.efi, ndikuyitchanso BOOTIA32.EFI ndikukonzekera boot kwa iyo, pokhapokha. architecture:x86uefi
Koma mokulira, izi sizomveka, chifukwa. Fayilo ya Bootmgfw.efi sigwirizana ndi x86

Tiyeni tione zimene zinachitika.

Zabwino, WDS imatumiza fayilo yathu kuti itsitsidwe ndipo nayonso, imayang'ana masinthidwe panjira: http://192.168.0.100/install.ipxe

Khwerero 4 - Kusintha kwa Menyu

Pitani ku mizu chikwatu cha tsamba lanu.
Zosasintha ndi: C:inetpubwwwroot

Pangani fayilo yolemba install.ipxe.

ndi kuikonza molingana ndi zolemba ndi zosowa zanu.
Palinso chinenero cha Chirasha mafotokozedwewo malamulo.
Ndinasangalala izi malangizo pokonza WDS yanu.

install.ipxe configuration chitsanzo

#!ipxe

:start
menu Please choose an operating system to start/install
item --gap Start Win PE
item WinPE-x64 WinPE x64
item --gap ipxe shell
item shell       Drop to iPXE shell

choose target && goto ${target}

:failed
echo Booting failed, dropping to shell
goto shell

:shell
echo Type 'exit' to get the back to the menu
shell
set menu-timeout 0
set submenu-timeout 0
goto start

:WinPE-x64
kernel http://192.168.0.100/wimboot
initrd http://192.168.0.100/peSE/Boot/bcd
initrd http://192.168.0.100/peSE/Boot/boot.sdi
initrd http://192.168.0.100/peSE/Boot/peSE64.wim
boot || goto failed

Mutha kuwerenga za kasinthidwe kakutsitsa winPE apa.

Gawo 5 - Mitundu ya MIME

Pambuyo popanga menyu ndikuwonjezera mafayilo onse ofunikira ku chikwatu cha IIS,
muyenera kuwapatsa mwayi.

Chifukwa ngakhale mutayesa kutsitsa fayilo kuchokera pasakatuli, mupeza cholakwika pa adilesi yake: HTTP 404.3 - Not Found.

Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuwonjezera mitundu ya MIME mu gulu lowongolera la IIS, molingana
ndi mafayilo owonjezera omwe mudzatsitse kudzera pa http.

Sindinayang'ane mtundu wa MIME womwe uli wabwino kwambiri pazifukwa izi, ndikufunsa application/octet-stream, pambuyo pake zonse zinagwira ntchito.

Pamafayilo omwe alibe zowonjezera, gwiritsani ntchito kadontho.

Apa ndi:

Pomaliza

Pamapeto pake, timakhala ndi kuthekera koyambira pa netiweki yakomweko kudzera mu UEFI.

Ngati tachita zonse molondola, ndiye kuti pakhala china chake chonga ichi chosankha choyambira:

Ngati mwakonzekera zida zoyambira ndipo simungavutike ndi kasinthidwe, zimatenga pafupifupi mphindi 10-20 kuti mugwiritse ntchito izi.
Zinanditengera 2 masiku ogwira ntchito, chifukwa. Ndinayenera google kwambiri.

Kukhazikitsa bwino!

Zikomo kwambiri chifukwa cha chidwi chanu komanso zikomo kwambiri kwa anthu omwe nkhani zawo zidandithandiza!
Pa Habre ndi: Ingtar и Deeptown.

Source: www.habr.com

Kukulitsa Magwiridwe a WDS: Kuwonjezera UEFI Boot Kutha