Chingwe cholumikizira khutu chinandiyiza mluzu. Ndi phokoso lalikulu, adawuma pa thupi la cryostat. Ndinadzitemberera, ndinaganiza zopumira. Maboti osatsegula mu gawo la maginito la 1.5 Tesla pogwiritsa ntchito chida chachitsulo sichabwino. Munda, ngati mdani wosawoneka, akuyesera nthawi zonse kulanda chidacho m'manja, kuwongolera pamizere yake ya mphamvu ndikuwongolera pafupi ndi ma electron omwe akuyenda mu bwalo lotsekedwa kuchokera ku superconductor. Komabe, ngati mukufunadi kugonjetsa mankhwala a acidified kuyambira zaka zambiri zapitazo, palibe kusankha kochuluka. Ndinakhala pansi pa kompyuta ndi chizolowezi kuonera nkhani nkhani. "Asayansi aku Russia asintha MRI nthawi za 2!" - werengani mutu wokayikitsa.
Pafupifupi chaka chapitacho, ife ndipo anamvetsa chiyambi cha ntchito yake. Ndikukulimbikitsani kuti mukumbukire zinthuzo musanawerenge nkhaniyi.
Pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mbiri yakale, ku Russia masiku ano kupanga zida zovuta monga maginito opanga maginito apamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, ngati mumakhala mumzinda waukulu, mungapeze zipatala zomwe zimapereka chithandizo chamtunduwu mosavuta. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zombo za MRI scanners nthawi zambiri zimayimiridwa ndi zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku USA ndi ku Ulaya, ndipo ngati mwadzidzidzi muyenera kupita kuchipatala ndi MRI, musapusitsidwe ndi maonekedwe okongola a chipangizocho - zikhoza kukhala m'zaka zake khumi zachiwiri. Zotsatira zake, zida zotere nthawi zina zimawonongeka, ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali ndinali m'modzi mwa anthu omwe adabweza ma tomograph osweka kuti agwire ntchito, kuti odwala apitilize kuwunika, ndipo eni ake apeze phindu.
Mpaka tsiku lina labwino, panthawi yopuma pakati pa zosangalatsa zoopsa zokhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu za maginito, ndinapeza mawu ochititsa chidwi m'nyuzipepala: "Asayansi a ku Russia pamodzi ndi a Dutch anzanga. pogwiritsa ntchito metamaterials." Mosakayikira, mfundo yakuti Russia ikuchita kafukufuku pazida, zomwe sizinayambe zadziwika bwino, zinkawoneka kwa ine kwambiri, zotsutsana kwambiri. Ndinaganiza kuti uwu unali ulendo wina chabe wa zopereka, zochepetsedwa ndi mawu osamvetsetseka a sayansi monga "nanotechnology" omwe aliyense anali atatopa nawo kale. Kufufuza zambiri za ntchito ya asayansi apakhomo omwe ali ndi MRI ndi metamatadium kunanditsogolera ku nkhani yomwe ili ndi kufotokoza kwa kuyesa kosavuta komwe ndingathe kubwereza mosavuta, popeza makina a MRI amakhala pafupi nthawi zonse.
Chithunzi chochokera , odzipereka kuti apititse patsogolo chizindikiro cha MRI pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimatchedwa "metamaterial". Munthawi yachipatala 1.5 - zida zotenthetsera, m'malo mwa wodwala, metamaterial imayikidwa, ngati beseni lamadzi, mkati mwake momwe mawaya ofananira amatalikirana amakhala. Pa mawaya pali chinthu chophunzira - nsomba (yosakhala yamoyo). Zithunzi zomwe zili kumanja ndi zithunzi za MRI za nsombazo, zokhala ndi mapu amtundu omwe akuwonetsa mphamvu ya nyukiliya ya haidrojeni. Zitha kuwoneka kuti nsomba ikagona pa mawaya, chizindikirocho chimakhala bwino kwambiri kusiyana ndi popanda iwo. Nthawi yojambulira ndi yofanana muzochitika zonsezi, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti kusanthula kwabwino kumatheka. Nkhaniyi inaphatikizaponso mosamala
kachitidwe
kuwerengera kutalika kwa mawaya malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya tomograph, yomwe ndidagwiritsa ntchito. Ndidapanga ma metamaterial anga kuchokera ku cuvette ndi mawaya angapo amkuwa, okhala ndi zomangira zapulasitiki zosindikizidwa za 3D:
Metamaterial wanga woyamba. Atangopanga kupanga adayikidwa mu 1 Tesla tomograph. Malalanje adakhala ngati chinthu choyenera kujambulidwa.
Komabe, m'malo mokweza chizindikiro cholonjezedwa, ndidalandira zinthu zambiri zakale zomwe zidasokoneza chithunzicho! Mkwiyo wanga unalibe malire! Nditamaliza nkhaniyi, ndinalemba kalata kwa olemba nkhaniyo, tanthauzo lake likhoza kuchepetsedwa ku funso lakuti "Kodi ...?"
Olemba adandiyankha mwachangu. Anachita chidwi kwambiri kuti wina akuyesera kutengera zomwe akuyesera. Poyamba adayesa kwa nthawi yayitali kuti andifotokozere momwe ma metamatadium amagwirira ntchito, pogwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "Fabry-Perot resonances", "njira zamkati", ndi mitundu yonse ya ma frequency a radio mu voliyumu. Ndiyeno, mwachionekere pozindikira kuti sindinamvetse zimene anali kunena, iwo anaganiza zondiitana kuti ndiwachezere kotero kuti ndiyangβane pazochitika zawo ndi kutsimikizira kuti zikugwirabe ntchito. Ndinaponyera chitsulo chomwe ndimakonda kwambiri m'chikwama changa ndikupita ku St. Petersburg, ku National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics ndi Optics (monga momwe zinakhalira, osati olemba mapulogalamu okha omwe amaphunzitsidwa kumeneko).
Ndinalandiridwa ndi manja aΕ΅iri pamalopo, ndipo mwadzidzidzi, anandipatsa ntchito, popeza anachita chidwi ndi dzenje langa la mawaya ndipo anafunikira munthu woti apange ena atsopano. Pobwezera, adalonjeza kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zonse zomwe zimandisangalatsa komanso kutenga maphunziro a radiophysics ndi MRI, zomwe, mwamwayi, zinayambira chaka chomwecho. Ludzu langa lachidziwitso linapambana, ndiyeno, chaka chonse, ndinaphunzira, ndinachita ntchito ndikugwira ntchito, pang'onopang'ono ndikuphunzira zinthu zatsopano zokhudza mbiri ya magnetic resonance, komanso chikhalidwe cha sayansi yamakono m'dera lino, zomwe ndidzachita. gawani apa.
Njira yopangira kusintha kwa MRI, ndikuphunziridwa m'nkhani zasayansi zomwe tatchulazi, zimachokera ku zomwe zimatchedwa "metamatadium". Metamatadium, monganso zina zambiri zomwe zapezedwa, zimawonekera chifukwa cha mayankho osayembekezeka omwe amapezeka pamaziko a kafukufuku wanthano. Wasayansi waku Soviet, Viktor Veselago, mu 1967, akugwira ntchito pazachitsanzo, adanenanso za kukhalapo kwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi index yoyipa ya refractive. Monga momwe mukumvera kale, tikukamba za optics, ndipo mtengo wa coefficient iyi, pafupifupi kunena, kumatanthauza kuchuluka kwa kuwala kudzasintha njira yake podutsa malire pakati pa ma TV osiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo mpweya ndi madzi. Mutha kudzitsimikizira nokha kuti izi zimachitikadi:
Kuyesera kosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito cholozera cha laser ndi aquarium kuwonetsa kuwunikira kwa kuwala.
Chochititsa chidwi chomwe tingaphunzire kuchokera ku kuyesera koteroko ndi chakuti mtengowo sungathe kutsutsidwa kumbali imodzi kuchokera pamene unagwera pa mawonekedwe, ziribe kanthu momwe woyeserayo ayesera mwamphamvu. Kuyesera uku kunachitika ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimachitika mwachilengedwe, koma mtandawo unakanidwa mouma khosi mbali imodzi yokha. Mwa masamu, izi zikutanthauza kuti index refractive, komanso constituent kuchuluka kwake, dielectric ndi maginito permeability, ndi zabwino, ndipo sizinachitikepo. Osachepera mpaka V. Veselago adaganiza zophunzira nkhaniyi ndipo adawonetsa kuti mwalingaliro palibe chifukwa chimodzi chomwe index refractive sichingakhale cholakwika.
Chithunzi chochokera ku Wiki chowonetsa kusiyana pakati pa media media zabwino ndi zoyipa. Monga tikuonera, kuwala kumachita mosagwirizana ndi chilengedwe, poyerekeza ndi zochitika zathu za tsiku ndi tsiku.
V. Veselago anayesa kwa nthawi yaitali kuti apeze umboni wa kukhalapo kwa zipangizo zomwe zili ndi index yotsutsa refractive, koma kufufuza sikunapambane, ndipo ntchito yake inaiwalika mosayenera. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XNUMX, zida zophatikizika zidapangidwa mwachisawawa zomwe zidazindikira zomwe zafotokozedwazo, koma osati mu kuwala, koma m'munsi mwa ma frequency a microwave. Zomwe zidasinthiratu, popeza kuthekera kwa kukhalapo kwa zinthu zotere kunatsegula chiyembekezo chatsopano. Mwachitsanzo - chilengedwe , yokhoza kukulitsa zinthu zazingβono kwambiri kuposa kutalika kwa mafunde a kuwala. Kapena - zophimba mtheradi zosawoneka, maloto a asitikali onse. Zosintha zazikulu zidapangidwa ku chiphunzitsocho kuti ziganizire zatsopano. Chinsinsi cha kupambana chinali kugwiritsa ntchito zida zoyendetsedwa ndi zinthu zowoneka bwino - metaatomu, kukula kwake komwe kuli kocheperako kuposa kutalika kwa ma radiation omwe amalumikizana nawo. Mapangidwe opangidwa ndi meta-atomu ndi gulu lochita kupanga lotchedwa metamaterial.
Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa metamaterials ngakhale masiku ano ndizovuta mwaukadaulo, chifukwa kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikuyenera kufananizidwa ndi kuchepera kwa kutalika kwa ma radiation a electromagnetic. Kwa mtundu wa kuwala (kumene kutalika kwa mafunde ndi nanometers), matekinoloje oterowo ali patsogolo pa kupita patsogolo. Choncho, n'zosadabwitsa kuti oimira oyambirira a lingaliro la metamatadium adapangidwira mafunde otalikirapo a electromagnetic kuchokera pamawayilesi (omwe amakhala ndi kutalika kodziwika bwino kuchokera mm mpaka m). Chinthu chachikulu komanso nthawi yomweyo kuipa kwa metamaterial iliyonse ndi chifukwa cha kumveka kwa zinthu zake. Metamaterial imatha kuwonetsa zinthu zake zodabwitsa pama frequency ena.
Mafupipafupi ochepa.Chifukwa chake, mwachitsanzo, nthawi ina mukadzawona ngati jammer yomveka bwino yozikidwa pa ma metamatadium, funsani kuchuluka kwa ma frequency omwe imamveka.
Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino za metamatadium zomwe zimalola kuyanjana ndi mafunde a electromagnetic. Zomangamanga za kondakitala sizili kanthu koma ma resonator ang'onoang'ono, mabwalo a LC opangidwa ndi malo owongolera.
Papita nthawi pang'ono kuchokera pomwe lingaliro la metamatadium ndi machitidwe awo oyamba, ndipo anthu adazindikira momwe angagwiritsire ntchito MRI. Choyipa chachikulu cha ma metamatadium ndikuti mawonekedwe ocheperako sivuto la MRI, pomwe njira zonse zimachitika pafupipafupi pafupipafupi ndi maginito a nyukiliya, omwe amakhala pawailesi. Apa mutha kupanga maatomu a meta ndi manja anu ndikuwona zomwe zikuchitika pazithunzi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zoyamba zomwe ofufuza adagwiritsa ntchito mu MRI pogwiritsa ntchito ma metamatadium anali ma superlenses ndi endoscopes.
Kumbali yakumanzere pansi pa chilembo a) ma superlens akuwonetsedwa, opangidwa ndi magulu atatu a resonator pama board osindikizidwa. Resonator iliyonse ndi mphete yachitsulo yotseguka yokhala ndi capacitor yogulitsidwa, kupanga chigawo cha LC chosinthidwa pafupipafupi ndi MRI. Pansipa pali chitsanzo cha kuyika mawonekedwe a metamaterial pakati pa miyendo ya wodwala yemwe akuyenda ndi tomography ndipo, motero, zithunzi zomwe zimachokera. Ngati simunanyalanyaze upangiri kuti muwerenge nkhani yanga yapitayi pa MRI, ndiye kuti mukudziwa kale kuti kuti mupeze chithunzi cha gawo lililonse la thupi la wodwalayo, ndikofunikira kusonkhanitsa ma sign a nyukiliya ofooka, akuwola mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito malo omwe ali pafupi. mlongoti - koyilo.
Ma lens apamwamba a metamaterial amakulolani kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa machitidwe a coil wamba. Mwachitsanzo, yerekezerani miyendo ya wodwalayo nthawi imodzi mβmalo mwa imodzi yokha. Nkhani yoipa ndi yakuti malo a ma superlens ayenera kusankhidwa mwanjira inayake kuti apange zotsatira zabwino, ndipo ma superlens omwewo ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri kupanga. Ngati simukumvetsabe chifukwa chake mandalawa amatchedwa super-prefix, ndiye yerekezerani kukula kwake kuchokera pa chithunzi, ndiyeno zindikirani kuti imagwira ntchito ndi kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita asanu!
Letter b) akuwonetsa mapangidwe a endoscope. Kwenikweni, endoscope ya MRI ndi mawaya angapo ofanana omwe amakhala ngati mafunde. Zimakulolani kuti mulekanitse dera lomwe koyiloyo imalandira chizindikiro kuchokera ku nyukiliya ndi koyilo yokhayokha pamtunda wautali - mpaka pamene mlongoti wolandira ukhoza kukhala kunja kwa cryostat ya tomograph, kutali ndi maginito okhazikika. munda. Zithunzi zam'munsi za tabu b) zikuwonetsa zithunzi zomwe zimapezedwa chotengera chapadera chodzaza madzi - phantom. Kusiyanitsa pakati pawo ndikuti zithunzi zotchedwa "endoscope" zidapezedwa pomwe koyiloyo inali patali ndi phantom, pomwe popanda endoscope mazizindikiro ochokera ku nuclei sakanatha kuzindikira.
Ngati tilankhula za imodzi mwamagawo odalirika kwambiri ogwiritsira ntchito metamatadium mu MRI, ndipo pafupi kwambiri ndi kukhazikitsa kwake kothandiza (komwe ndidalowa nawo) ndikupanga ma coil opanda zingwe. Ndikoyenera kufotokozera kuti sitikulankhula za Bluetooth kapena ukadaulo wina wosamutsa deta wopanda zingwe pano. "Opanda zingwe" pankhaniyi amatanthauza kukhalapo kwa kuphatikizika kapena kuphatikizika kwa zida ziwiri zowulira - mlongoti wa transceiver, komanso metamaterial. M'malingaliro, zikuwoneka ngati izi:
Kumanzere kukuwonetsedwa momwe njira ya MRI imachitikira nthawi zambiri: wodwala amakhala mkati mwa cryostat m'dera lomwe lili ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yofanana. Mlongoti waukulu wotchedwa "birdcage" umayikidwa mumsewu wa tomograph. Mlongoti wa kasinthidwe uku amakulolani kuti mutembenuze vekitala ya maginito maginito a wailesi ndi mafupipafupi a hydrogen nuclei (kwa makina azachipatala izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuchokera ku 40 mpaka 120 MHz kutengera kukula kwa mphamvu ya maginito kuchokera ku 1T mpaka 3T, motsatana), kuwapangitsa kuti atenge mphamvu ndiyeno amatulutsa mphamvu poyankha . Chizindikiro choyankhira kuchokera ku ma cores ndi chofooka kwambiri ndipo ikafika kwa ma conductor a antenna yayikulu, imazimiririka. Pachifukwa ichi, MRI imagwiritsa ntchito makoyilo am'deralo otalikirana kwambiri kuti alandire zizindikiro. Chithunzi chapakati, mwachitsanzo, chikuwonetsa momwe mawondo amadumphira. Pogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo, n'zotheka kupanga resonator yomwe idzagwirizanitsidwa ndi khola la mbalame. Ndikokwanira kuyika chinthu choterocho pafupi ndi gawo lomwe mukufuna la thupi la wodwalayo ndipo chizindikiro chochokera kumeneko sichidzalandiridwa moyipa kuposa ndi koyilo yakomweko! Lingaliroli litakwaniritsidwa bwino, odwala safunikanso kugwedezeka mu mawaya, ndipo njira yodziwira matenda a MRI idzakhala yabwino.
Izi ndizomwe ndidayesera kupanga poyambira, podzaza mawaya ndi madzi ndikuyesera kusanthula lalanje. Mawaya omizidwa m'madzi kuchokera pachithunzi choyambirira kwambiri m'nkhaniyi sali kanthu koma maatomu a meta, omwe amayimira dipole la theka-wave - imodzi mwazojambula zodziwika bwino za mlongoti, zomwe zimadziwika kwa amateur aliyense wawayilesi.
Amamizidwa m'madzi osati kuti asatenthe moto mu MRI (ngakhale ndi cholinga ichinso)), koma kuti, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi a dielectric nthawi zonse, kuchepetsa kutalika kwawo kwa resonant ndi kuchuluka kwenikweni kofanana ndi lalikulu. muzu wa dielectric mosasinthasintha wa madzi.
Chip ichi chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito muzolandira wailesi, waya wokhotakhota pa chidutswa cha ferrite - chotchedwa. mlongoti wa ferrite. Ferrite yokhayo imakhala ndi maginito amphamvu kwambiri, osati dielectric, yomwe, komabe, imagwira ntchito mofananamo ndipo imalola kuti miyeso ya resonant ya mlongoti ikhale yochepa. Tsoka ilo, simungathe kuyika ferrite mu MRI, chifukwa ... ndi maginito. Madzi ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yofikirika.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti kuwerengera zinthu zonsezi, muyenera kupanga masamu ovuta omwe amaganizira za ubale pakati pa zinthu zowoneka bwino, magawo achilengedwe ndi magwero a radiation ... chitsanzo, chimene ngakhale mwana wasukulu akhoza kumvetsa mosavuta (zitsanzo chidwi kwambiri - CST, HFSS). Pulogalamuyi imakulolani kuti mupange zitsanzo za 3D za resonator, antennas, mabwalo amagetsi, kuwonjezera anthu kwa iwo - inde, kwenikweni, chirichonse, funso lokhalo ndilo lingaliro lanu ndi mphamvu zamakompyuta zomwe zilipo. Zitsanzo zomangidwa zimagawidwa m'magulu, pa mfundo zomwe ma equation odziwika bwino a Maxwell amathetsedwa.
Apa, mwachitsanzo, ndikuyerekeza kwa maginito a wailesi mkati mwa mlongoti wa khola la mbalame womwe watchulidwa kale:
Nthawi yomweyo zimadziwikiratu momwe munda umazungulira. Zomwe zili kumanzere zimasonyezedwa pamene pali bokosi lamadzi mkati mwa mlongoti, ndipo kumanja - pamene bokosi lomwelo liri pa resonator yopangidwa ndi mawaya a resonant kutalika. Mutha kuwona momwe maginito amakulitsidwira kwambiri ndi mawaya. Nditadziwa CST ndikukonza mapangidwe anga pamenepo, ndinapanganso metamaterial, yomwe inachititsa kuti zikhale zotheka kukulitsa chizindikirocho mu chipatala cha 1.5T MRI tomograph. Linali likadali bokosi (ngakhale lokongola kwambiri, lopangidwa ndi plexiglass), lodzaza ndi madzi ndi mawaya angapo. Panthawiyi, kamangidwe kameneka kanakonzedwanso malinga ndi mikhalidwe yomveka, yomwe ndi: kusankha kutalika kwa mawaya, malo awo, ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi. Nazi zomwe zinachitika ndi tomato:
Kujambula koyamba kwa phwetekere kunachitika ndi mlongoti waukulu. Zotsatira zake zinali phokoso chabe lokhala ndi ma autilaini osawoneka bwino. Kachiwiri ndinayika chipatsocho pa chophika chatsopano cha resonance. Sindinapange mamapu achikuda kapena china chilichonse chonga icho, chifukwa zotsatira zake ndi zodziwikiratu. Motero, kuchokera muzondichitikira zanga, ngakhale kuti ndinathera nthaΕ΅i yochuluka, ndinatsimikizira kuti lingalirolo limagwira ntchito.
Zikuwonekeratu zomwe mukuganiza - malalanje, tomato - zonse ndi zolakwika, kodi mayesero aumunthu ali kuti?
Iwo analidi :
Dzanja la munthu wodzipereka yemwe akuchitidwa MRI lili pabokosi lomwelo. Madzi enieni omwe ali m'bokosi, popeza ali ndi haidrojeni, amawonekeranso bwino. Chizindikirocho chimakulitsidwa m'dera la dzanja lomwe lili pa resonator, pomwe mbali zina zonse za thupi sizikuwoneka bwino. Zikuwonekeratu kuti zotsatira zomwezo, ndipo mwinanso bwino, zitha kukwaniritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma coil okhazikika azachipatala. Koma chowonadi chakuti mutha kuchita izi mwa kungophatikiza madzi ndi mawaya, kuwaphatikiza m'njira yoyenera, ndizodabwitsa. Chodabwitsa kwambiri, chidziwitso cha izi chikhoza kupezedwa mwa kuphunzira za zochitika zowoneka ngati zosagwirizana, monga kuwunikira kwa kuwala.
Kwa iwo omwe sanatopebePakalipano, mapangidwe a bokosi lamadzi asinthidwa kale. Tsopano yangokhala bolodi yosindikizidwa yomwe imakupatsani mwayi woti muwonetse mphamvu ya maginito ya mlongoti wamkulu wakunja pafupi ndi inu. Kuphatikiza apo, malo ake ogwirira ntchito ndi akulu kuposa momwe adapangidwira kale:
Ma riboni amitundu amawonetsa mphamvu ya maginito pamwamba pa kapangidwe kake akasangalatsidwa ndi gwero lakunja la mafunde a electromagnetic. Mapangidwe athyathyathya ndi njira yopatsira yomwe imadziwika muukadaulo wa wailesi, koma imatha kuwonedwanso ngati ukadaulo wa MRI. "Koyilo yopanda mawaya" iyi imatha kupikisana kale ndi ma koyilo wamba potengera kufanana kwa gawo lopangidwa pakuzama kwina mu chinthu chojambulidwa:
Makanemawa akuwonetsa mapu amtundu wamitundu-ndi-wosanjikiza a chizindikiro mkati mwa bokosi lamadzi mu MRI. Mtundu umasonyeza mphamvu ya ma siginecha ochokera ku nyukiliya ya haidrojeni. Pakona yakumanzere yakumanzere, gawo la koyilo yojambulira kumbuyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati cholandila. Pansi kumanzere ngodya ndi pamene bokosi limayikidwa pa resonator mu mawonekedwe a bolodi losindikizidwa. Pansi kumanja - chizindikirocho chimalandiridwa ndi mlongoti waukulu womangidwa mumsewu wa tomograph. Ndinayerekezera kufanana kwa chizindikiro m'dera lomwe lafotokozedwa ndi rectangle. Kumtunda kwina, metamaterial imachita bwino kuposa koyiloyo potengera mawonekedwe azizindikiro. Zolinga zachipatala, izi sizingakhale zopambana zofunika kwambiri, koma zikafika pakuyika kwa sayansi ya MRI komwe makoswe amafufuzidwa, zingathandize kukwaniritsa kuwonjezeka kwa chizindikiro ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu yofunikira ya mawailesi osangalatsa.
Za "kukonzedwa ndi 2 nthawi" kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyo - ndithudi, ichi ndi chipatso china cha chikondi chosavomerezeka cha atolankhani kwa asayansi, komabe, ndizolakwika kunena kuti izi ndi zofufuza zopanda kanthu, zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi chidwi cha atolankhani. mutu uwu m'magulu asayansi padziko lonse lapansi. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti ntchito ikuchitikanso kuno ku Russia, ngakhale kutengera zomwe ndakumana nazo, izi ndizosowa. Palinso mavuto ambiri omwe sanathetsedwe okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito metamatadium mu MRI. Kuwonjezera localizing maginito minda kupeza chithunzi chabwino, musaiwale za magetsi minda kuti kutsogolera minofu Kutentha, komanso mayamwidwe wa radiofrequency munda mphamvu ndi zimakhala za odwala akuyesedwa. Pazinthu izi, pakugwiritsa ntchito kwachipatala, payenera kukhala chiwongolero chapadera, chomwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma resonator akumunda. Pakalipano, zitsulo za MRI zimakhalabe mkati mwa kafukufuku wa sayansi, koma zotsatira zomwe zapezeka kale zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo mwina m'tsogolomu, chifukwa cha iwo, ndondomeko ya MRI idzasintha bwino, kukhala yofulumira komanso yotetezeka.
Source: www.habr.com