, zonse zomwe zimapitilira njira yopita ku automation ndi kukhathamiritsa kwa ntchito ndi chilengedwe chamtambo.
Tikumbukire kuti mu Meyi 2019 tidayambitsa Red Hat OpenShift 4, m'badwo wotsatira wa nsanja yathu ya Kubernetes, yomwe tidayipanganso kuti ikhale yosavuta kasamalidwe ka ziwiya m'malo opangira.
Yankholi linapangidwa ngati nsanja yodziyang'anira yokha yokhala ndi zosintha zokha zamapulogalamu ndi ntchito zoyang'anira moyo mumtambo wosakanizidwa ndipo lamangidwa pa Red Hat Enterprise yotsimikizika Linux ndi Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS. Mu mtundu wa 4.2, tinayang'ana kwambiri pakupanga nsanja kukhala yosavuta kwa opanga mapulogalamu. Tinasinthanso kasamalidwe ka nsanja ndi mapulogalamu kwa oyang'anira magulu popereka zida zosinthira kuchokera ku OpenShift 3 kupita ku 4, komanso kuthandizira makonzedwe osakhala pa intaneti.
Liwiro likuti?
Mtundu wa 4.2 umathandizira kwambiri kugwira ntchito ndi Kubernetes, ndikupereka mawonekedwe atsopano a OpenShift oyang'anira zokometsera ntchito zamapulogalamu, komanso zida zatsopano ndi mapulagini opangira zida zomangira, kukonza mapaipi a CI/CD ndikukhazikitsa makina opanda seva. Zonsezi zimathandiza olemba mapulogalamu kuti ayang'ane kwambiri ntchito yawo yaikulu - kupanga code yogwiritsira ntchito, popanda kusokonezedwa ndi zochitika za Kubernetes.
Onani topology ya pulogalamu mu developer console.
Mawonekedwe atsopano a OpenShift console
Zida zatsopano zopangira OpenShift 4.2:
- Web Console imathandizira omanga kuyang'ana zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri pongowonetsa zidziwitso ndi masinthidwe omwe amafunikira. UI yowongoleredwa yowonera topology ndi kuphatikiza kagwiritsidwe ntchito kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kupanga, kutumiza, ndikuwona mawonekedwe a mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi zida ndi magulu.
- Chida - mawonekedwe apadera a mzere wamalamulo kwa opanga omwe amathandizira kupanga mapulogalamu papulatifomu ya OpenShift. Pokonzekera kuyanjana ngati Git push, CLI iyi imathandiza opanga mapulogalamu kuti apange mapulogalamu pa OpenShift nsanja, osayang'ana zovuta za Kubernetes.
- ya Microsoft Visual Studio Code, JetBrains IDE (kuphatikiza IntelliJ) ndi Eclipse Desktop IDE imapereka kuphatikiza kosavuta ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikukulolani kupanga, kumanga, kukonza zolakwika ndi kutumiza mapulogalamu a OpenShift m'malo a IDE odziwika bwino kwa opanga.
- Red Hat OpenShift Deployment Extension ya Microsoft Azure DevOps. Amapereka ogwiritsa ntchito chida ichi cha DevOps kuti athe kuyika mapulogalamu awo pa Azure Red Hat OpenShift kapena magulu ena aliwonse a OpenShift papulatifomu ya Microsoft Azure DevOps.
Pulogalamu yowonjezera ya Visual Studio
OpenShift yathunthu pa laputopu
, omwe ndi magulu okonzeka a OpenShift okometsedwa kuti atumizidwe pa malo ogwirira ntchito kapena laputopu, amathandizira kupanga mapulogalamu amtambo kwanuko.
Service Mesh
Yathu yothetsera , yomangidwa pamaziko a mapulogalamu otsegulira mapulogalamu a Istio, Kiali ndi Jaeger ndi apadera , imathandizira chitukuko, kutumiza ndi kukonzanso ntchito pa nsanja ya OpenShift popereka zida zofunikira ndikutengera makina ogwiritsira ntchito mitambo pogwiritsa ntchito zomangamanga zamakono monga microservices. Yankho lake limalola opanga mapulogalamu kuti adzimasulire okha pakufunika kodziyimira pawokha ndikusunga mautumiki apadera apaintaneti omwe amafunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito komanso malingaliro abizinesi omwe akupangidwa.
, , imapangidwira wopanga mapulogalamuwo kwenikweni "kuyambira koyambira mpaka kumapeto" ndipo imapereka zinthu monga kutsatira, ma metrics, kuwona ndi kuyang'anira kulumikizana kwa maukonde, komanso kukhazikitsa ndikusintha mauna a service pakadina kamodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, yankho limapereka zopindulitsa pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi chitetezo, monga kubisa kwa magalimoto pakati pa ma seva mkati mwa data center ndikuphatikizana ndi chipata cha API. .
Kuwona kwapamwamba kwa kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pogwiritsa ntchito Kiali mkati mwa OpenShift Service Mesh
Makompyuta opanda seva
Yathu ina yothetsera , imakuthandizani kutumiza ndi kuyendetsa mapulogalamu omwe amakwera ndi kutsika mosavuta mukafuna, mpaka paziro. Omangidwa pamwamba pa polojekiti ya Knative ndipo akupezeka mu Technology Preview, yankho ili likhoza kutsegulidwa pamagulu aliwonse a OpenShift 4 pogwiritsa ntchito Kubernetes woyendetsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti muyambe ndikuyika zigawo zofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito mapulogalamu opanda seva kapena ntchito pa OpenShift. Mawonekedwe otukuka a OpenShift console, omwe adawonekera mu mtundu 4.2, amakupatsani mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito zosankha zopanda seva munjira zachitukuko, monga Tengani kuchokera ku Git kapena Deployan Image, mwa kuyankhula kwina, mutha kupanga mapulogalamu opanda seva mwachindunji kuchokera ku kontrakitala.
Kukhazikitsa kuyika kwa seva mu OpenShift console
Kuphatikiza pa kuphatikizika ndi kontrakitala wopanga, mtundu watsopano wa OpenShift uli ndi zosintha zina zokhudzana ndi seva. Makamaka, izi ndi kn - mawonekedwe a mzere wa Knative, omwe amapereka ntchito yabwino komanso mwachilengedwe, amakulolani kugawa zinthu zofunika pakugwiritsa ntchito; jambulani zithunzi za ma code ndi masanjidwe, komanso imaperekanso kuthekera kopanga mapu omaliza a netiweki kumitundu kapena ntchito zina. Zonsezi, zomwe zimapezeka mu Technology Preview kudzera pa OpenShift Serverless operator, zimathandiza omanga kukhala omasuka ndi zomangamanga zopanda seva ndikukhala ndi mwayi wotumizira mapulogalamu awo mumtambo wosakanizidwa popanda kutsekedwa muzinthu zinazake.
Mapaipi a Cloud CI/CD
Kuphatikizika kosalekeza ndi kutumiza (CI / CD) ndizochitika zazikulu zachitukuko masiku ano zomwe zimawonjezera kuthamanga ndi kudalirika kwa kutumiza mapulogalamu. Zida zabwino za CI/CD zimalola magulu achitukuko kuti aziwongolera ndikuwongolera njira zoyankhira, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti chitukuko chikhale bwino. Mu OpenShift, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Jenkins wakale kapena yankho lathu latsopano ngati zida zotere .
Jenkins lero ndiye mulingo wodalirika, koma timagwirizanitsa tsogolo la chidebe CI/CD ndi polojekiti ya Tekton open source software. Chifukwa chake, Mapaipi a OpenShift amamangidwa makamaka pamaziko a pulojekitiyi ndipo amathandizira bwino njira zofananira zamayankho amtambo monga mapaipi ngati code ("paipi ngati code") ndi GitOps. Mu Mapaipi a OpenShift, sitepe iliyonse imayenda mu chidebe chake, kotero kuti zothandizira zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito pamene sitepeyo ikugwira ntchito, kulola omanga kulamulira kwathunthu mapaipi awo operekera, mapulagini, ndi kuwongolera kolowera popanda kudalira seva yapakati ya CI / CD.
Mapaipi a OpenShift akadali mu Chiwonetsero cha Wopanga Mapulogalamu ndipo akupezeka ngati wogwiritsa ntchito yemwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pagulu lililonse la OpenShift 4. Jenkins angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'matembenuzidwe onse a OpenShift 3 ndi 4.
Mapaipi a Red Hat OpenShift
Kuwongolera zotengera mumtambo wosakanizidwa
Kukhazikitsa ndi kukonzanso kwa OpenShift kumabweretsa mtambo wosakanizidwa kufupi momwe mungathere ndi mtambo wovomerezeka malinga ndi luso la ogwiritsa ntchito. OpenShift 4.2 inalipo kale pamapulatifomu akuluakulu amtambo, mitambo yachinsinsi, nsanja zowoneka bwino ndi ma seva opanda zitsulo, koma mtundu wa XNUMX umawonjezera nsanja ziwiri zatsopano zamtambo pamndandandawu - Microsoft Azure ndi Google Cloud Platform, komanso OpenStack mitambo yachinsinsi .
Choyikira cha OpenShift 4.2 chakonzedwa bwino pazolinga zosiyanasiyana, ndipo amaphunzitsidwanso kugwira ntchito ndi masinthidwe akutali (osalumikizidwa ndi intaneti) kwa nthawi yoyamba. Kuyika kwa sandboxed ndi njira yovomerezera yovomerezeka yokhala ndi mwayi wopereka chithandizo chanu cha CA mtolo kuonetsetsa kuti mukutsatira malamulo ndi ndondomeko zachitetezo chamkati. Njira yoyikira yokha imakulolani kuti mukhale ndi mtundu waposachedwa kwambiri wa OpenShift Container Platform m'malo omwe mulibe intaneti kapena m'malo okhala ndi mfundo zoyeserera zoyesa zithunzi.
Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito OpenShift stack yonse pogwiritsa ntchito Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS, mtundu wopepuka wa Red Hat Enterprise Linux, imakulolani kuti mupeze mtambo wokonzedwa kale pasanathe ola limodzi mutayamba kukhazikitsa.
Red Hat OpenShift imakulolani kuti mugwirizanitse njira zopangira, kutumiza ndi kuyang'anira mapulogalamu a chidebe mumtambo komanso pamalo opangira malo. Ndi kukhazikitsa kosavuta, kodzichitira nokha komanso mwachangu, OpenShift 4.2 tsopano ikupezeka pa AWS, Azure, OpenStack ndi GCP, kulola mabungwe kuyang'anira bwino nsanja zawo za Kubernetes mumtambo wosakanizidwa.
Kusamuka kosavuta kuchokera ku OpenShift 3 kupita ku OpenShift 4
Zida zatsopano zosunthira ntchito zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kusamukira ku OpenShift 4.2 kuchokera kumitundu yam'mbuyomu ya nsanja. Kusamutsa katundu kuchokera kumagulu akale kupita ku atsopano tsopano ndi mofulumira kwambiri, kosavuta komanso ndi ntchito zochepa zamanja. Woyang'anira cluster akungofunika kusankha gulu la OpenShift 3.x, lembani pulojekiti yomwe mukufuna (kapena malo a dzina) pamenepo ndiyeno tchulani zoyenera kuchita ndi ma voliyumu omwe akutsatizana nawo - koperani kugulu la OpenShift 4.x kapena kusamutsa. . Mapulogalamu kenako pitilizani kugwira ntchito pagulu loyambirira mpaka woyang'anira atawathetsa.
OpenShift 4.2 imathandizira zochitika zosiyanasiyana zakusamuka:
- Detayo imakopera pogwiritsa ntchito chosungira chapakati chotengera polojekiti ya Velero. Njirayi imakulolani kuti musamuke ndi kusintha kosungirako pamene, mwachitsanzo, gulu loyambirira limagwiritsa ntchito Gluster, ndipo latsopano limagwiritsa ntchito Ceph.
- Detayo imakhalabe m'malo omwe alipo, koma imalumikizidwa ndi gulu latsopano (kusintha kwa voliyumu kosalekeza).
- Kukopera mafayilo amafayilo pogwiritsa ntchito Restic.
Usiku woyamba kumanja
Nthawi zambiri ogwiritsa ntchito athu angafune kuyesa zatsopano za OpenShift kale kumasulidwa kwatsopano kusanatulutsidwe. . Chonde dziwani kuti zomanga izi sizinapangidwe kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito, sizimathandizidwa, sizinalembedwe bwino, ndipo zitha kukhala ndi magwiridwe antchito osakwanira. Ubwino wa zomanga izi ukuwonjezeka pamene akuyandikira mtundu womaliza.
Zomanga zausiku zimalola makasitomala ndi othandizana nawo kuti aziwoneratu zatsopano kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, zomwe zitha kukhala zothandiza pokonzekera kutumiza kapena kuphatikiza OpenShift ndi mayankho a omwe akupanga ISV.
Chidziwitso kwa mamembala a OKD Community
Ntchito yayamba pa OKD 4.0, gwero lotseguka la Kubernetes lomwe limapangidwa ndi gulu lachitukuko ndipo limayang'anira Red Hat OpenShift. Tikupempha aliyense kuti apereke kuwunika kwawo momwe zinthu zilili pano , Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) ndi Kubernetes mkati mwa Gulu Logwira Ntchito la OKD kapena tsatirani zomwe zikuchitika patsambali .
Taonani:
Mawu oti "mgwirizano" m'bukuli sakutanthauza mgwirizano wamalamulo kapena ubale wina uliwonse walamulo pakati pa Red Hat, Inc. ndi bungwe lina lililonse lovomerezeka.
Source: www.habr.com
