Red Teaming ndizovuta zoyeserera zowukira. Njira ndi zida
Gwero: Acunetix
Red Teaming ndikuyerekeza kovutirapo kwa kuwukira kwenikweni kuti muwunikire cybersecurity ya machitidwe. "Red Team" ndi gulu pentesters (akatswiri omwe akuchita mayeso olowera mudongosolo). Iwo akhoza kulembedwa ganyu kuchokera kunja kapena antchito a bungwe lanu, koma nthawi zonse udindo wawo ndi wofanana - kutsanzira zochita za olowa ndi kuyesa kulowa dongosolo lanu.
Pamodzi ndi "magulu ofiira" mu cybersecurity, pali ena angapo. Kotero, mwachitsanzo, "gulu la buluu" (Blue Team) limagwira ntchito limodzi ndi zofiira, koma ntchito zake zimayang'ana kukonza chitetezo cha zomangamanga kuchokera mkati. Gulu la Purple ndiye ulalo, kuthandiza magulu ena awiri kupanga njira zowukira ndi chitetezo. Komabe, kubwezeretsanso nthawi ndi imodzi mwa njira zosamvetsetseka zoyendetsera chitetezo cha pa intaneti, ndipo mabungwe ambiri safuna kutengera izi.
M'nkhaniyi, tifotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zili kumbuyo kwa lingaliro la Red Teaming, ndi momwe kukhazikitsidwa kwa zovuta zoyeserera zowukira zenizeni kungathandizire kukonza chitetezo cha bungwe lanu. Cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndikuwonetsa momwe njirayi ingakulitsire kwambiri chitetezo cha machitidwe anu azidziwitso.
Red Teaming mwachidule
Ngakhale m'nthawi yathu ino, magulu "ofiira" ndi "buluu" amagwirizanitsidwa makamaka ndi gawo laukadaulo wazidziwitso ndi cybersecurity, malingaliro awa adapangidwa ndi asitikali. Nthawi zambiri, ndinali m'gulu lankhondo komwe ndidamva koyamba za malingaliro awa. Kugwira ntchito ngati katswiri wofufuza zachitetezo cha pa intaneti m'zaka za m'ma 1980 kunali kosiyana kwambiri ndi masiku ano: kupeza makompyuta obisika kunali koletsedwa kwambiri kuposa masiku ano.
Kupanda kutero, zomwe ndakumana nazo koyamba pamasewera ankhondo - kuyerekezera, kuyerekezera, ndi kuyanjana - zinali zofanana kwambiri ndi zovuta zamasiku ano zoyeserera zowukira, zomwe zapeza njira yake muchitetezo cha cybersecurity. Monga tsopano, chidwi chachikulu chinaperekedwa pakugwiritsa ntchito njira za chikhalidwe cha anthu kuti athandize ogwira ntchito kuti apatse "mdani" mwayi wosayenera kumagulu ankhondo. Choncho, ngakhale kuti njira zamakono zowonetsera zowonongeka zapita patsogolo kwambiri kuyambira zaka za m'ma 80, ndizofunika kudziwa kuti zida zambiri zazikulu za njira yotsutsa, makamaka njira zamakono zamakono, ndizodziyimira pawokha.
Phindu lalikulu la kutsanzira zovuta za kuwukira kwenikweni sikunasinthenso kuyambira 80s. Poyerekeza kuwukira kwa makina anu, ndikosavuta kuti muzindikire zofooka ndikumvetsetsa momwe zingagwiritsidwire ntchito. Ndipo ngakhale kukonzanso kunkagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ndi owononga zipewa zoyera ndi akatswiri odziwa zachitetezo cha pa intaneti omwe akufunafuna chiwopsezo poyesa kulowa, tsopano kwagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pachitetezo cha pa intaneti ndi bizinesi.
Chinsinsi cha redtiming ndikumvetsetsa kuti simungathe kuzindikira chitetezo cha machitidwe anu mpaka ataukiridwa. Ndipo m'malo modziika pachiwopsezo chowukiridwa ndi omwe akuwukira, ndizotetezeka kwambiri kutengera kuukira kotereku ndi lamulo lofiira.
Red Teaming: milandu yogwiritsira ntchito
Njira yosavuta yomvetsetsa zoyambira za redtiming ndikuyang'ana zitsanzo zingapo. Nazi ziwiri mwa izo:
Zochitika 2. Chifukwa cha pentesting, VPN zonse ndi zowongolera zakutali zidapezeka kuti ndizotetezeka. Komabe, woimira "gulu lofiira" amadutsa momasuka pa desiki yolembera ndikutulutsa laputopu ya mmodzi wa antchito.
Pazochitika zonsezi, "gulu lofiira" limayang'ana osati kudalirika kwa dongosolo lililonse la munthu, komanso dongosolo lonse lonse chifukwa cha zofooka.
Ndani Akufunika Kuyerekeza Kovuta Kwambiri?
Mwachidule, pafupifupi kampani iliyonse ikhoza kupindula ndi redtiming. Monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Lipoti lathu la 2019 Global Data Risk Report., mabungwe ambiri ochititsa mantha ali pansi pa zikhulupiriro zabodza kuti ali ndi ulamuliro wonse pa deta yawo. Tidapeza, mwachitsanzo, kuti pafupifupi 22% ya zikwatu zamakampani zimapezeka kwa wogwira ntchito aliyense, ndikuti 87% yamakampani ali ndi mafayilo opitilira 1000 achikale pamakina awo.
Kuyesa kulowa mkati kumayang'ana kuzindikira zofooka pakugwiritsa ntchito ndi intaneti, komanso mwayi wothana ndi zotchinga zachitetezo chakuthupi. Ngakhale kuyesa pawokha kumatha kuwulula zovuta zina zachitetezo cha pa intaneti, kuyesa kulowa pamanja kumaganiziranso za chiopsezo chabizinesi kuti chiwukidwe.
Red Teaming vs. kuyesa kulowa
Mosakayikira, kuyezetsa kulowa mkati ndikofunikira, koma ndi gawo limodzi lokha la mndandanda wonse wazinthu zowunikiranso. Zochita za "gulu lofiira" zili ndi zolinga zazikulu kuposa za pentesters, omwe nthawi zambiri amangofuna kupeza mwayi wopezeka pa intaneti. Kuwombola nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo anthu ambiri, zothandizira ndi nthawi pamene gulu lofiira limakumba mozama kuti limvetse bwino mlingo weniweni wa chiwopsezo ndi chiwopsezo mu teknoloji ndi katundu wa bungwe la anthu ndi thupi.
Komanso, pali kusiyana kwina. Redtiming nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mabungwe omwe ali ndi njira zokhwima komanso zapamwamba zachitetezo cha pa intaneti (ngakhale sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse).
Bungwe limagwirizana ndi "gulu lofiira" (mkati kapena kunja) pa cholinga cha kuukira. Mwachitsanzo, cholinga choterechi chingakhale chotenga zinthu zachinsinsi kuchokera pa seva inayake.
Kenako "gulu lofiira" limayang'aniranso zomwe mukufuna. Zotsatira zake ndi chithunzi cha machitidwe omwe mukufuna, kuphatikiza mautumiki apaintaneti, kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti, ndi ma portal antchito amkati. .
Kodi tiyenera kuganizira chiyani ponena za "gulu lofiira"?
Kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi redtiming, muyenera kukonzekera mosamala. Machitidwe ndi njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi bungwe lililonse ndizosiyana, ndipo mulingo wamtundu wa redtiming umatheka ngati cholinga chake ndikupeza zovuta m'makina anu. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kulingalira zinthu zingapo:
Dziwani zomwe mukuyang'ana
Choyamba, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa machitidwe ndi njira zomwe mukufuna kufufuza. Mwina mukudziwa kuti mukufuna kuyesa pulogalamu yapaintaneti, koma simukumvetsetsa bwino zomwe zikutanthauza komanso zomwe machitidwe ena akuphatikizidwa ndi mapulogalamu anu apa intaneti. Choncho, nkofunika kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso chabwino cha machitidwe anu ndikukonza zofooka zilizonse zoonekeratu musanayambe kuyerekezera kovuta kwa kuukira kwenikweni.
Dziwani maukonde anu
Izi zikugwirizana ndi malingaliro am'mbuyomu, koma ndi zambiri zaukadaulo wa netiweki yanu. Momwe mungawerengere malo anu oyesera, molondola komanso mwachindunji gulu lanu lofiira lidzakhala.
Dziwani Bajeti Yanu
Kuwongolera kutha kuchitidwa pamlingo wosiyanasiyana, koma kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwazomwe zikuchitika pamaneti anu, kuphatikiza uinjiniya wamagulu ndi kulowerera kwakuthupi, kumatha kukhala kokwera mtengo. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito pa cheke chotere, ndipo, molingana, fotokozani kuchuluka kwake.
Mayeso a Network Penetration - ikufuna kuzindikira zofooka pamanetiweki ndi dongosolo la dongosolo, kuphatikiza zolakwika, kuwonongeka kwa ma netiweki opanda zingwe, ntchito zosavomerezeka, ndi zina zambiri.
chikhalidwe cha anthu - ikufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zofooka za anthu ndi umunthu, kuyesa anthu kuti ayambe kunyenga, kunyengerera ndi kunyengerera kudzera pa maimelo a phishing, mafoni ndi mauthenga, komanso kukhudzana ndi thupi pomwepo.
Chikhalidwe cha kufananiza kovuta kwa kuwukira kwenikweni, komwe magulu ofiira amayesa kupeza zovuta zatsopano zachitetezo ndi magulu abuluu amayesa kukonza, kumabweretsa chitukuko chokhazikika cha njira zamacheke ngati amenewa. Pachifukwa ichi, n'zovuta kupanga mndandanda wamakono a njira zamakono zopangira redtiming, chifukwa zimasowa ntchito.
Chifukwa chake, ochita masewera ambiri amatha nthawi yayitali kuphunzira za zofooka zatsopano ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito, pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zambiri zoperekedwa ndi gulu lofiira. Nawa omwe ali otchuka kwambiri m'maderawa:
Pentester Academy ndi ntchito yolembetsa yomwe imapereka maphunziro a kanema wapaintaneti omwe amayang'ana kwambiri kuyesa kulowa, komanso maphunziro aukadaulo wamakina ogwirira ntchito, ntchito zama engineering, komanso chilankhulo chachitetezo chazidziwitso.
Vincent Iwo ndi "wogwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha pa cybersecurity" yemwe nthawi zonse amalemba mabulogu za njira zovuta zoyeserera zenizeni ndipo ndi gwero labwino la njira zatsopano.
Twitter ndiyenso gwero labwino ngati mukufuna zambiri zaposachedwa za redtiming. Mutha kuzipeza ndi ma hashtag #redteam ΠΈ #kuyambiranso.
Swig tsiku lililonse ndi nkhani yachitetezo cha pa intaneti yothandizidwa ndi PortSwigger Web Security. Ichi ndi chida chabwino chophunzirira za zomwe zachitika posachedwa komanso nkhani pazakusinthanso - ma hacks, kutayikira kwa data, zomwe zachitika, kusatetezeka kwapaintaneti ndi matekinoloje atsopano achitetezo.
Florian Hansemann ndi wowononga chipewa choyera ndi woyesa kulowa mkati yemwe nthawi zonse amaphimba machenjerero atsopano a gulu lofiira mu mwake positi blog.
Ma lab a MWR ndi abwino, ngakhale aukadaulo kwambiri, gwero la nkhani zosinthira. Amatumiza zothandiza kwa magulu ofiira zidandi awo Twitter feed lili ndi malangizo othetsera mavuto omwe oyesa chitetezo amakumana nawo.
Emad Shanab - Loya ndi "wowononga woyera". Chakudya chake cha Twitter chili ndi njira zothandiza pa "magulu ofiira", monga kulemba jakisoni wa SQL ndikupangira ma tokeni a OAuth.
The Hacker Playbook ndi chiwongolero cha owononga, omwe, ngakhale akale kwambiri, amafotokoza njira zambiri zofunika zomwe zikadali pamtima pakutsanzira zovuta zenizeni. Wolemba Peter Kim nayenso Twitter feed, imene amapereka malangizo kuwakhadzula ndi zina.
SANS Institute ndi enanso omwe amapereka zida zophunzitsira za cybersecurity. Zawo Twitter feedImayang'ana kwambiri zaukadaulo wa digito ndi kuyankha kwazomwe zikuchitika, ili ndi nkhani zaposachedwa kwambiri pamaphunziro a SANS ndi upangiri wochokera kwa akatswiri odziwa ntchito.
Zina mwa nkhani zosangalatsa kwambiri za redtiming zimasindikizidwa mu Red Team Journal. Pali nkhani zokhudzana ndi teknoloji monga kuyerekeza Red Teaming ndi kuyesa kulowa mkati, komanso zolemba zowunikira monga The Red Team Specialist Manifesto.
Pomaliza, Awesome Red Teaming ndi gulu la GitHub lomwe limapereka mndandanda watsatanetsatane zida zoperekedwa ku Red Teaming. Imakhudza pafupifupi mbali zonse zaukadaulo wamagulu ofiira, kuyambira kupeza mwayi woyambira, kuchita zoyipa, kutolera ndi kutulutsa deta.