Mu February, Stanford adachita msonkhano pa high-performance computing (HPC). Oimira VMware adanena kuti pogwira ntchito ndi GPU, dongosolo lochokera ku ESXi hypervisor yosinthidwa silotsika mofulumira kusiyana ndi zitsulo zopanda kanthu.
Timalankhula za matekinoloje omwe adapangitsa kuti akwaniritse izi.
/ chithunzi
Nkhani yamachitidwe
Malinga ndi akatswiri, pafupifupi 70% ya ntchito zambiri m'malo opangira deta . Komabe, 30% yotsalayo imagwirabe ntchito pazitsulo zopanda kanthu popanda ma hypervisors. 30% iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mapulogalamu olemetsa kwambiri, monga okhudzana ndi maphunziro a neural network, ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma GPU.
Akatswiri amafotokoza izi chifukwa chakuti hypervisor, monga gawo lapakati, imatha kukhudza magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo lonse. M'maphunziro zaka zisanu zapitazo za kuchepetsa liwiro la ntchito ndi 10%. Chifukwa chake, makampani ndi ogwira ntchito pa data sanafulumire kusamutsa zolemetsa za HPC kumalo enieni.
Koma matekinoloje a virtualization akukula ndikuwongolera. Pamsonkhano mwezi wapitawo, VMware adanena kuti hypervisor ya ESXi ilibe vuto pakuchita kwa GPU. Liwiro la makompyuta likhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi atatu peresenti, yomwe ikufanana ndi chitsulo chopanda kanthu.
Kodi ntchito
Kupititsa patsogolo machitidwe a HPC ndi ma GPU, VMware yasintha zingapo pa hypervisor. Makamaka, idachotsedwa ntchito ya vMotion. Zimafunika pakuwongolera katundu ndipo nthawi zambiri zimasamutsa makina enieni (VM) pakati pa ma seva kapena ma GPU. Kuletsa vMotion kunapangitsa kuti VM iliyonse ipatsidwe GPU yeniyeni. Izi zinathandiza kuchepetsa ndalama posinthanitsa deta.
Chigawo china chofunikira cha dongosolo DirectPath I/O. Imalola CUDA parallel computing driver kuti igwirizane ndi makina enieni mwachindunji, kudutsa hypervisor. Mukafuna kuyendetsa ma VM angapo pa GPU imodzi nthawi imodzi, njira ya GRID vGPU imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Imagawa kukumbukira kwa khadi m'magawo angapo (koma zozungulira zowerengera sizigawanika).
Chithunzi chogwirira ntchito cha makina awiri enieni pankhaniyi chiwoneka motere:
Zotsatira ndi zolosera
Kampaniyo hypervisor pophunzitsa chilankhulo chotengera . Kuchita "zowonongeka" kunali 3-4% kokha poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zopanda kanthu. Pobwezera, dongosololi linatha kugawa zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa malinga ndi katundu wamakono.
Chimphona cha IT nayenso ndi zotengera. Mainjiniya akampaniyo adaphunzitsa ma neural network kuti azindikire zithunzi. Nthawi yomweyo, zothandizira za GPU imodzi zidagawidwa pakati pa ma VM anayi. Zotsatira zake, magwiridwe antchito a makina amunthu adatsika ndi 17% (poyerekeza ndi VM imodzi yokhala ndi mwayi wokwanira kuzinthu za GPU). Komabe, chiwerengero cha zithunzi kukonzedwa pa sekondi katatu. Zikuyembekezeka kuti machitidwe oterowo ntchito mu kusanthula deta ndi chitsanzo kompyuta.
Zina mwazovuta zomwe VMware ingakumane nazo, akatswiri m'malo yopapatiza chandamale omvera. Makampani ochepa akugwirabe ntchito ndi machitidwe apamwamba. Ngakhale mu Statista kuti pofika chaka cha 2021, 94% ya ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi zapa data zizikhala zitakwaniritsidwa. Wolemba Ofufuza, mtengo wa msika wa HPC udzakula kuchokera ku 32 kufika ku madola mabiliyoni 45 kuyambira 2017 mpaka 2022.
/ chithunzi PD
Mayankho Ofanana
Pali ma analogi angapo pamsika omwe amapangidwa ndi makampani akuluakulu a IT: AMD ndi Intel.
Kampani yoyamba ya GPU virtualization njira yotengera SR-IOV (kulowetsa muzu umodzi/zotulutsa). Tekinoloje iyi imapatsa VM mwayi wopeza mbali zina zamakina adongosolo. Yankho limakupatsani mwayi wogawana GPU pakati pa ogwiritsa ntchito 16 omwe ali ndi magwiridwe antchito ofanana ndi machitidwe owoneka bwino.
Ponena za chimphona chachiwiri cha IT, iwo pa Citrix XenServer hypervisor 7. Imaphatikiza ntchito ya woyendetsa wokhazikika wa GPU ndi makina enieni, omwe amalola omalizawa kuwonetsa mapulogalamu a 3D ndi ma desktops pazida za ogwiritsa ntchito mazana.
Tsogolo laukadaulo
Madivelopa a Virtual GPU pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa machitidwe a AI ndi kutchuka komwe kukukulirakulira kwa mayankho ogwira ntchito kwambiri pamsika waukadaulo wamabizinesi. Iwo akuyembekeza kuti kufunikira kokonza deta yambiri kudzawonjezera kufunika kwa ma vGPU.
Tsopano opanga kuphatikiza magwiridwe antchito a CPU ndi GPU pachimake chimodzi kuti mufulumizitse kuthetsa mavuto okhudzana ndi zithunzi, kuchita masamu a masamu, ntchito zomveka, ndi kukonza deta. Mawonekedwe a ma cores otere pamsika mtsogolomu asintha njira yopezera zinthu komanso kugawa kwawo pakati pa kuchuluka kwa ntchito m'malo owoneka bwino komanso amtambo.
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Source: www.habr.com