Moni! Ngakhale amithenga ndi malo ochezera a pa Intaneti akusintha njira zachikhalidwe zolankhulirana tsiku lililonse, izi sizisokoneza kutchuka kwa SMS. Kutsimikizira pa tsamba lodziwika bwino, kapena zidziwitso za zomwe zachitika zimabwerezedwa, amakhala ndipo adzakhala ndi moyo. Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo momwe zonsezi zimagwirira ntchito? Nthawi zambiri, protocol ya SMPP imagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza mauthenga ambiri, omwe adzakambidwe pansipa.
Panali kale zolemba za HabrΓ© za smpp, ,, koma cholinga chawo sichinali kufotokoza ndondomeko yokha. Zachidziwikire, mutha kuyamba nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kugwero loyambirira - , koma ndikuganiza kuti zikanakhala zabwino ngati pangakhale chidule cha izo. Ndifotokoza pogwiritsa ntchito v3.4 monga chitsanzo.Ndikhala okondwa chifukwa chakutsutsa kwanu.
Protocol ya SMPP ndi njira yolumikizirana ndi anzawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti seva ya anzawo / malo ali ndi ufulu wofanana. Mwachidule, dongosolo la mauthenga a SMS likuwoneka motere:
Komabe, ngati woyendetsa dziko alibe njira yopita kudera lina lakutali, amafunsa mkhalapakati pa izi - likulu la SMS. Nthawi zina, kuti mutumize SMS imodzi, muyenera kupanga unyolo pakati pa mayiko angapo, kapena ngakhale makontinenti.
Za protocol
SMPP ndi pulogalamu yosanjikiza yomwe imakhazikitsidwa pakusinthana kwa PDU ndipo imafalitsidwa kudzera pa TCP / IP, kapena magawo a X25 potumiza mauthenga a SMS ndi ussd. Kawirikawiri, SMPP imagwiritsidwa ntchito mumayendedwe olimbikira, omwe amathandiza kusunga nthawi. SMPP imagwiritsa ntchito njira yolumikizirana ndi kasitomala.
Njira yolumikizirana
Kusinthana kwa mauthenga pakati pa wotumiza ndi malo a SMS kudzera pa SMPP kutha kuchitidwa motere:
Transmitter (transmitter) - kutumiza uthenga mbali imodzi, imodzi panthawi
Wolandira - amangolandira uthenga kuchokera ku malo a SMS.
Transreceiver (transceiver) - Kusinthana kwa mauthenga pakati pa malo a SMS ndi wogwiritsa ntchito
kapangidwe
Kutalika kwa uthenga
Uthenga umodzi wa SMS ukhoza kukhala ndi zilembo za 70 polemba Cyrillic ndi zilembo za Chilatini zosaposa 157 + 3 UDH Ngati mutumiza SMS yokhala ndi zilembo zambiri, idzagawidwa m'magawo angapo ndikuphatikizidwa mu chipangizo cholandira. Pankhani ya magawo, chiwerengero cha zilembo chimachepetsedwa ndi mitu ya mauthenga, yomwe imasonyeza gawo la uthengawo. Choncho, potumiza uthenga waukulu wa SMS, umakhala ndi zilembo za Chilatini zosapitirira 153 kapena zilembo 67 za atypical.
Data Coding Scheme
Komabe, zizindikiro zimafunikira encoding kuti zipereke uthenga. Mu protocol ya SMPP, gawo lapadera limayang'anira encoding - Data Coding Scheme, kapena DCS. Ili ndi gawo lomwe limafotokozera momwe mauthenga akuyenera kuzindikiridwa. Kuphatikiza apo, gawo la DCS limaphatikizapo:
- seti yamakhalidwe yomwe imatanthauzira encoding;
- kalasi ya uthenga;
- pempho kuti basi kufufutidwa pambuyo kuwerenga;
- chizindikiro cha kupanikizana kwa uthenga;
- chilankhulo cha uthenga;
Zilembo zokhazikika za 7-bit (GSM 03.38). Idapangidwira njira yotumizira mauthenga ya GSM. Khodi iyi ndi yoyenera m'Chingerezi komanso zilankhulo zingapo zachilatini. Chikhalidwe chilichonse chimakhala ndi ma bits 7 ndipo amasungidwa mu octet.
UTF-16 (mu GSM UCS2) Kuphatikizira zilembo zomwe zikusowa mu zilembo za 7-bit, encoding ya UTF-16 idapangidwa, yomwe imawonjezera zilembo (kuphatikiza Cyrillic) pochepetsa kukula kwa uthenga kuchokera pa 160 mpaka 70; mtundu uwu wa encoding pafupifupi imapanganso Unicode kwathunthu.
8-bit data yofotokozedwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito. Izi zikuphatikiza KOI8-R ndi Windows-1251. Ngakhale yankholi likuwoneka ngati lachuma poyerekeza ndi UTF-16 yomweyo. Funso lomveka limakhala logwirizana pazida zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa pamenepa, zipangizo zonsezi ziyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale.
Kalasi ya uthenga
- Class0, kapena kung'anima, uthenga wosungidwa m'chikumbukiro cha foniyo popempha wogwiritsa ntchito;
- Class1, kapena zomwe zasungidwa kukumbukira foni;
- Class1, kapena zomwe zasungidwa kukumbukira foni;
- Class2 iyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti uthengawo wasungidwa m'chikumbukiro cha foni yam'manja, apo ayi iyenera kutumiza zidziwitso ku malo a SMS za kuthekera kosunga;
- Class3 - Pankhaniyi, foni iyenera kutumiza chidziwitso kuti uthengawo ukhoza kusungidwa, mosasamala kanthu za kuchuluka kwa kukumbukira mu chipangizocho. Uthenga wamtundu uwu ukutanthauza kuti uthengawo wafika kwa woulandira;
Mtundu wa Mauthenga
Mauthenga opanda mawu (SMS0) Mtundu wa uthenga wa SMS wopanda zomwe zili. SMS iyi imafika popanda chidziwitso ndipo simawonetsedwa pazenera la chipangizocho.
Zithunzi za PDU
Ntchito iliyonse ya pdu imaphatikizidwa ndipo imakhala ndi pempho ndi yankho. Mwachitsanzo: lamulo lomwe limati kulumikizana kwakhazikitsidwa (bind_transmitter / bind_transmitter_resp), kapena kuti uthenga watumizidwa (deliver_sm / deliver_sm_resp)
Phukusi lililonse la pdu lili ndi magawo awiri - mutu ndi thupi. Mapangidwe amutu ndi ofanana ndi paketi iliyonse ya pdu: kutalika kwa lamulo ndi kutalika kwa paketi, id ndi dzina la paketi, ndipo lamulo lachidziwitso limasonyeza ngati uthengawo unafalitsidwa bwino kapena ndi zolakwika.
Zowonjezera za TLV
TLV (Tag Length Value), kapena magawo owonjezera. Zoterezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa magwiridwe antchito a protocol ndipo sizifunikira. Gawo ili likuwoneka kumapeto kwa gawo la pdu. Mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito TLV dest_addr_np_information, mutha kulinganiza kutumiza zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi kusuntha kwa nambala.
Ton ndi Npi
TON (Mtundu wa Nambala) parameter imadziwitsa SMSC za mtundu wa ma adilesi ndi mtundu wa netiweki.
NPI (Numbering Plan Identification) zosonyeza dongosolo la manambala.
Mauthenga adilesi, kapena dzina la alpha
Mauthenga otumizidwa ku foni yanu amabwera m'mitundu iwiri: digito ndi zilembo. Nambala za digito zitha kukhala zazitali (zofanana ndi nambala yafoni) kapena zazifupi. Nthawi zina ogwira ntchito amakhala ndi zoletsa kutumiza kuchokera ku mayina osalowerera, mwachitsanzo Infosms, Alert etc. Nthawi zina oyendetsa sangalole magalimoto ngati dzina silinalembetsedwe pamaneti awo. Komabe, awa ndi mawonekedwe a opareshoni.
Magawo ogonjera
SMS-TUMIKIRANI - uku ndikutumiza uthenga wa MO FSM (uthenga waufupi kuchokera pa foni yam'manja)
SMS-TUMIKIRANI LIPOTI - kutsimikizira kuti uthengawo unatumizidwa ndi SMSC
Chithunzi cha SRI SM (SendRoutingInfo) - SMSC imalandira zambiri kuchokera kwa HLR zokhudzana ndi malo a MSC / VLR omwe adalembetsa
Malingaliro a kampani SRI SM RESP - Yankho lochokera kwa HLR ponena za malo olembetsa nyama
MT-FSM - mutalandira malo, uthenga umatumizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito "Forward Short Message".
MT-FSM ACK - Yankho lochokera ku SMSC kuti uthenga watumizidwa
SMS-STATUS REPORT - SMSC imatumiza mawonekedwe otumizira uthenga.
Makhalidwe otumizira uthenga
SMS-STATUS REPORT ikhoza kutenga zinthu zingapo:
DELIVRD uthenga unaperekedwa bwino
AKANA β uthenga anakanidwa ndi SMS center
KULULA - uthengawo umachotsedwa pamzere wotumizira pambuyo pa kutha kwa TTL (uthenga wamoyo wonse)
UNDELIV - milandu ina yosapereka
ZOSADZIWIKA-palibe yankho lomwe lidalandiridwa pokhudzana ndi kutumiza.
Kusamutsa zolakwika
Nthawi zina pamakhala zifukwa zomwe mauthenga a SMS samaperekedwa kwa olembetsa. Zotsatira zazifukwa izi ndizochitika zolakwika. Zolakwa zabwezeredwa ku PDUs_sms_resp. Zolakwa zonse zitha kugawidwa kukhala zosakhalitsa (Zosakhalitsa) ndi zokhazikika (Zokhazikika).
Mwachitsanzo, absent_subscriber akhoza kutchulidwa kuti ndi osakhalitsa - wolembetsa sapezeka kapena sapezeka pa intaneti, ndipo wokhazikika - wolembetsa kulibe. Malingana ndi zolakwika zomwe zimachitika, ndondomeko yotumiziranso mauthengawa imapangidwa.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati wolembetsa anali wotanganidwa pa foni ndipo analandira cholakwika MT m'manja ali wotanganidwa, uthenga akhoza kutumizidwa patapita mphindi zingapo, komabe, ngati olembetsa uthenga kulandira utumiki watsekedwa, kutumiza kachiwiri sizingakhale zomveka. Mukhoza kupeza mndandanda wa zolakwika pamasamba a SMSC, mwachitsanzo, ngati .
Source: www.habr.com