Mutu wa kulekerera zolakwika m'makina osungiramo deta nthawi zonse umakhala wofunikira, chifukwa m'nthawi yathu ya kufalikira kwazinthu zowonongeka ndi kugwirizanitsa zinthu, machitidwe osungirako ndi chiyanjano chomwe kulephera kwake sikudzangoyambitsa ngozi wamba, koma kutsika kwa nthawi yaitali kwa mautumiki. Choncho, makina osungira amakono ali ndi zigawo zambiri zobwerezabwereza (ngakhale olamulira). Koma kodi chitetezo choterocho n'chokwanira?
Ogulitsa onse, polemba mndandanda wazinthu zosungirako, nthawi zonse amatchula kulolerana kwakukulu kwa mayankho awo, nthawi zonse kuwonjezera mawu akuti "popanda kulephera kamodzi." Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mmene kusunga kachitidwe. Kuti mupewe kutha kwa nthawi yokonza, makina osungira amabwereza magetsi, ma modules ozizira, ma doko olowetsa / zotuluka, zoyendetsa (tikutanthauza RAID) ndipo, ndithudi, olamulira. Mukayang'anitsitsa kamangidwe kameneka, muwona zinthu ziwiri zomwe zingalephereke, zomwe sizikhala chete:
- Kupezeka kwa ndege imodzi yakumbuyo
- Kukhala ndi kopi imodzi ya data
Ndege yakumbuyo ndi chipangizo chovuta mwaukadaulo chomwe chiyenera kuyesedwa kwambiri panthawi yopanga. Ndipo chifukwa chake, pali milandu yosowa kwambiri ikalephera kwathunthu. Komabe, ngakhale pakakhala zovuta pang'ono, monga malo osagwira ntchito pagalimoto, ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi kutseka kwathunthu kosungirako.
Kupanga makope angapo a data si vuto pongoyang'ana koyamba. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito ya Clone m'makina osungira, omwe amakulolani kuti musinthe deta yonse pakapita nthawi, yafalikira. Komabe, pakakhala zovuta ndi sewero lomwelo, kukoperako sikudzakhala kopezeka ngati koyambirira.
Yankho lodziwikiratu kwambiri lothana ndi zofooka izi ndikubwerezanso kuzinthu zina zosungirako. Ngati titseka maso athu ku kuwirikiza kawiri kwa mtengo wa hardware (tikuganizabe kuti anthu osankha chisankho chotere amaganiza moyenera ndikuvomereza izi pasadakhale), padzakhalabe ndalama zomwe zingatheke pokonzekera kubwereza monga malayisensi, zowonjezera. mapulogalamu ndi hardware. Ndipo chofunika kwambiri, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti deta yobwerezedwa ikufanana. Iwo. pangani yosungirako virtualizer/vSAN/etc., zomwe zimafunanso ndalama ndi nthawi.
Popanga machitidwe athu a Kupezeka Kwapamwamba, timakhala ndi cholinga chochotsa zofooka zomwe tatchulazi. Umu ndi momwe kutanthauzira kwaukadaulo wa Shared Nothing kudawonekera, komwe kumatanthawuza kuti "popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogawana."
Concept zomangamanga zimayimira kugwiritsa ntchito ma node awiri odziimira (olamulira), omwe ali ndi deta yakeyake. Kubwereza kwa synchronous kumachitika pakati pa node kudzera pa InfiniBand 56G mawonekedwe, momveka bwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe akuyenda pamwamba pa makina osungira. Zotsatira zake, kugwiritsa ntchito ma virtualizers osungira, othandizira mapulogalamu, ndi zina zotero sikofunikira.
Mwakuthupi, njira ya ma node awiri kuchokera ku AccelStor itha kukhazikitsidwa mumitundu iwiri:
- - kutengera ma seva a Twin pamilandu ya 2U, ngati magwiridwe antchito apakati ndi mphamvu mpaka 22TB akufunika;
- - kutengera ma seva a 2U, ngati magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso kuchuluka kwakukulu (mpaka 57TB) amafunikira.
Model H510 yochokera pa seva ya Twin
Model H710 kutengera ma seva payekha
Kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana kumachitika chifukwa chakufunika kwa manambala osiyanasiyana a SSD kuti akwaniritse voliyumu ndi magwiridwe antchito. Kuphatikiza apo, nsanja ya Twin ndiyotsika mtengo ndipo imakupatsani mwayi wopereka mayankho otsika mtengo, ngakhale mutakhala ndi "choyipa" chokhazikika munjira yakumbuyo imodzi. Zina zonse, kuphatikizapo mfundo zoyendetsera ntchito, ndizofanana kwamitundu yonseyi.
Deta ya node iliyonse ili ndi magulu awiri , kuphatikiza 2 zosungira zotentha. Gulu lirilonse limatha kupirira kulephera kwa SSD imodzi. Zopempha zonse zomwe zikubwera kuti mulembe node molingana ndi FlexiRemap imamanganso midadada ya 4KB kukhala maunyolo otsatizana, omwe amalembedwa ku SSD m'njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo (kujambula motsatizana). Komanso, wolandirayo amalandira chitsimikiziro chojambulira pokhapokha deta itayikidwa pa SSD, i.e. popanda caching mu RAM. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zochititsa chidwi kwambiri mpaka 600K IOPS kulemba ndi 1M + IOPS kuwerenga (chitsanzo H710).
Monga tanena kale, ma seti a data amalumikizidwa munthawi yeniyeni kudzera pa InfiniBand 56G mawonekedwe, omwe ali ndi kutulutsa kwakukulu komanso kutsika kochepa. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino njira yolumikizirana potumiza mapaketi ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa Pali njira imodzi yokha yolumikizirana; ulalo wodzipatulira wa 1GbE umagwiritsidwa ntchito powunika kugunda kwamtima. Kugunda kwa mtima kokha kumafalikira kudzera mmenemo, kotero palibe zofunikira pamayendedwe a liwiro.
Pakuchulukirachulukira kwa dongosolo (mpaka 400 + TB) chifukwa cha amalumikizidwanso awiriawiri kuti asunge lingaliro la "palibe vuto limodzi lolephera".
Kuti muteteze deta yowonjezera (kuphatikiza kuti AccelStor ili kale ndi makope awiri), ndondomeko yapadera ya khalidwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakalephera SSD iliyonse. Ngati SSD ikulephera, mfundoyi idzayamba kumanganso deta pa imodzi mwazosungira zotentha. Gulu la FlexiRemap, lomwe lili pachiwopsezo, lidzasinthira kumayendedwe owerengera okha. Izi zimachitidwa kuti athetse kusokoneza pakati pa kulemba ndi kumanganso ntchito pa disk yosunga zobwezeretsera, zomwe pamapeto pake zimafulumizitsa kuchira ndikuchepetsa nthawi yomwe dongosololi lingakhale pachiwopsezo. Mukamaliza kumanganso, node imabwerera kumayendedwe abwinobwino owerengera.
Inde, monga machitidwe ena, pakumanganso ntchito yonse imachepa (pambuyo pake, gulu limodzi la FlexiRemap siligwira ntchito pojambula). Koma njira yobwezeretsa yokha imapezeka mwamsanga, yomwe imasiyanitsa machitidwe a AccelStor kuchokera ku mayankho kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ena.
Katundu wina wothandiza waukadaulo wa Nothing Shared architecture ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma node muzomwe zimatchedwa zenizeni zogwira ntchito. Mosiyana ndi zomangamanga "zachikale", pomwe wolamulira m'modzi yekha ali ndi voliyumu / dziwe, ndipo wachiwiri amangochita ntchito za I / O, m'makina. node iliyonse imagwira ntchito ndi deta yakeyake ndipo sichitumiza zopempha kwa "mnansi" wake. Zotsatira zake, magwiridwe antchito onse amayenda bwino chifukwa chakufanana kwa zopempha za I/O ndi ma node komanso mwayi woyendetsa. Palibenso chinthu ngati failover, chifukwa palibe chifukwa chosinthira kuwongolera ma voliyumu kupita ku mfundo ina pakalephera.
Ngati tifanizira ukadaulo wa zomangamanga wa Nothing Shared ndi kubwereza kwathunthu kosungirako, ndiye, poyang'ana koyamba, kudzakhala kotsika pang'ono pakukhazikitsa kwathunthu kwa kubwezeretsa masoka mu kusinthasintha. Izi ndizowona makamaka pokonzekera mzere wolankhulana pakati pa machitidwe osungira. Choncho, mu chitsanzo cha H710 ndizotheka kufalitsa mfundo pamtunda wa 100m pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zotsika mtengo za InfiniBand zogwira ntchito. Koma ngakhale kuyerekeza ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwanthawi zonse kwa kubwereza kofananira kuchokera kwa ogulitsa ena kudzera pa FibreChannel yomwe ilipo, ngakhale patali, yankho lochokera ku AccelStor lidzakhala lotsika mtengo komanso losavuta kukhazikitsa / kugwiritsa ntchito, chifukwa palibe chifukwa choyika ma virtualizers osungira ndi / kapena kuphatikiza ndi mapulogalamu (zomwe sizingatheke nthawi zonse). Kuphatikiza apo, musaiwale kuti mayankho a AccelStor ndi All Flash arrays omwe ali ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba kuposa a "classic" osungira okhala ndi SSD okha.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zomanga za AccelStor's Nothing Shared, ndizotheka kukwaniritsa kupezeka kwa 99.9999% yosungirako pamtengo wokwanira. Pamodzi ndi kudalirika kwakukulu kwa yankho, kuphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito makope awiri a data, komanso magwiridwe antchito odabwitsa chifukwa cha ma aligorivimu aumwini. , mayankho ochokera ndi osankhidwa bwino kwambiri pa maudindo akuluakulu pomanga malo amakono a deta.
Source: www.habr.com