Zoyambira: zomwe mungayembekezere kuchokera ku Fedora Silverblue

Tiyeni tiwone mawonekedwe a OS yosasinthika.

/ chithunzi Clem Onojeghuo Unsplash

Momwe Silverblue idakhalira

Fedora Silverblue ndi makina osasinthika apakompyuta. Mmenemo, mapulogalamu onse amayendetsedwa muzotengera zakutali, ndipo zosintha zimayikidwa pa atomiki.

Poyamba ntchitoyi inkatchedwa Fedora Atomic Workstation. Kenako inadzatchedwa Silverblue. Malinga ndi omwe akutukulawo, adaganizira zosankha zopitilira 150. Silverblue idasankhidwa chifukwa panali malo ochezera aulere komanso maakaunti pamasamba ochezera.

Kusinthidwa dongosolo zasinthidwa Fedora Workstation ndiye maziko opangira ma desktops ku Fedora 30. Olembawo akuti Silverblue ili mtsogolo. akhoza kusintha kwathunthu Fedora Workstation.

Mmodzi mwa anthu okhala ku Hacker News apereka lingalirokuti lingaliro la Silverblue linakhala chitukuko cha polojekitiyi Stateless Linux. Fedora adalimbikitsa zaka khumi zapitazo. Stateless Linux imayenera kufewetsa kasamalidwe kamakasitomala owonda komanso owoneka bwino. Momwemonso, mafayilo onse osintha machitidwe adatsegulidwa mumayendedwe owerengera okha.

Kodi "kusasinthika" kumapereka chiyani?

Mawu akuti "osasinthika opareshoni" amatanthauza kuti mizu ndi maulalo ogwiritsa ntchito amayikidwa kuti azingowerenga. Zomwe zimasinthidwa zimayikidwa mu /var directory. Madivelopa amagwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana ChromeOS и MacOS Catalina. Njirayi imawonjezera chitetezo cha OS ndikuletsa mafayilo amachitidwe kuti achotsedwe (mwachitsanzo, molakwitsa).

M'modzi mwa anthu okhala pa Hacker News mu ulusi wamutu ndinauza, kuti nthawi ina ndidachotsa mwangozi mafayilo angapo ndikusintha mutu wa Ubuntu Yaru. Komabe, analibe zosunga zobwezeretsera chifukwa cha cholakwika mu regex. Malinga ndi iye, OS yosasinthika ingathandize kupewa mavuto.

Kuyika zosintha kumakhalanso kosavuta - zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuyambiranso dongosolo kuchokera pa chithunzi chatsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizotheka kusintha mwachangu pakati pa nthambi zingapo (Fedora imatulutsa). Mwachitsanzo, pakati pa mtundu wa Fedora womwe wapangidwa Rawhide ndi posungira zosintha-kuyesa ndi zosintha zomwe zikubwera.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani ndi Fedora yachikale?

Ukadaulo wa OSTree umagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa malo oyambira (/ ndi / usr). Tikhoza kunena kuti iyi ndi "versioning" dongosolo rpm-paketi. Phukusi la RPM limamasuliridwa kumalo osungira a OSTree pogwiritsa ntchito rpm-ostree. Ndikuyika phukusi, iye mawonekedwe Malo ochira omwe mutha kubweza ngati mwalephera.

OSTree komanso timatha khazikitsani mapulogalamu kuchokera ku dnf/yum repositories ndi nkhokwe zosathandizidwa ndi Fedora. Kuti muchite izi, m'malo mwa dnf install command, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito rpm-ostree install. Dongosololi lipanga chithunzi chatsopano cha opareshoni ndikusintha yomwe idayikidwapo.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yosinthira mapulogalamu Chokwanira. Amawayendetsa muzotengera. Phukusi la flatpack limangokhala ndi kudalira kwapadera kwa ntchito. Ma library onse oyambira (monga malaibulale a GNOME ndi KDE) amakhalabe malo othawirako. Njirayi imakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kukula kwa mapaketi ndikuchotsa magawo obwereza kuchokera kwa iwo.

/ chithunzi Jonathan Larson Unsplash

Kuti muyike mapulogalamu omwe sanapakidwe mu Flatpack, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito Bokosi. Zimakuthandizani kuti mupange chidebe chokhala ndi choyikira chapamwamba cha Fedora.

Zothetsera zofanana

Palinso magawo ena omwe ntchito zawo ndizofanana ndi Silverblue. Chitsanzo chingakhale Micro OS kuchokera ku OpenSUSE. Uku sikugawika kokha, koma gawo la openSUSE Kubic nsanja ya CaaS (Container monga Service) kutumiza.

Dongosololi limagwira ntchito ndi zotengera za Docker. Zithunzi zawo zimagawidwa ngati mapepala a RPM. Izi zimathandizira Ikani mapulogalamu a mzere wa malamulo omwe sapezeka mumtundu wa Flatpack. Dongosolo loyendetsera zotengera limapangidwa kutengera malo ovomerezeka kutsegulaSUSE Tumbleweed.

MicroOS idapangidwa kuti itumizidwe m'malo akuluakulu (mwachitsanzo, m'malo opangira data), komanso imatha kuthamanga pamakina amodzi.

Chitsanzo cha chitukuko china chofanana chingakhale Nix OS. Ndikugawa kwa Linux kutengera woyang'anira phukusi la Nix. Mbali yake yayikulu ndikulongosola kofotokozera za kasinthidwe. Woyang'anira sayenera kukhazikitsa dongosolo ndikulikonza pamanja. Mkhalidwewu umalembedwa mufayilo yapadera: mapaketi onse ndi zosintha zotsimikizika zimawonetsedwa pamenepo. Kenako, woyang'anira phukusi amangobweretsa OS pamalo omwe atchulidwa.

Dongosololi likugwira ntchito mwachangu gwiritsani opereka mtambo, mayunivesite ndi makampani a IT.

Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, Silverblue ili ndi mwayi wokhala ndi niche yake pamsika. Kaya zidzatheka sizidziwika mtsogolomu.

Zida zochokera kubulogu Yoyamba zamakampani a IaaS:

• Kodi firewall yomwe imatanthauzidwa ndi ntchito ndi chiyani ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji?
• Ndi chiyani chomwe chingalepheretse kukula kwa makompyuta a quantum?
• Ndi makina ati atsopano apakompyuta omwe angawonekere mu data center

Zowonjezera pa Habré:

• Ndi zochitika ziti za Border Gateway Protocol zomwe zingadziwike zaka zingapo zapitazi?
• ICANN inachotsa mtengo wa .org domain - chifukwa chiyani gulu la IT likutsutsa, ndi zomwe zidzachitike pambuyo pake

Source: www.habr.com