Msika wamakampani a IT ndiye wogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri magetsi osasokoneza (UPS), pogwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi 75% ya UPS yonse yopangidwa. Kugulitsa kwapachaka kwapadziko lonse kwa zida za UPS kumitundu yonse yama data, kuphatikiza mabizinesi, malonda ndi zazikulu kwambiri, ndi $3 biliyoni. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kuwonjezeka kwapachaka kwa malonda a zida za UPS m'malo opangira deta akuyandikira 10% ndipo zikuwoneka kuti izi siziri malire.
Malo opangira ma data akukhala okulirapo komanso okulirapo ndipo izi, zimabweretsa zovuta zatsopano pakupanga mphamvu. Ngakhale pali mkangano wautali wokhudza momwe ma UPS osasunthika ali apamwamba kuposa osunthika komanso mosemphanitsa, chinthu chimodzi chomwe mainjiniya ambiri angavomereze ndikuti mphamvu ikakhala yayikulu, makina amagetsi oyenererana bwino ndi: ma jenereta amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga. mphamvu zamagetsi pamagetsi.
Ma UPS onse osinthika amagwiritsa ntchito ma jenereta a mota, koma ndi amitundu yosiyanasiyana ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Imodzi mwa ma UPS awa omwe amadziwika bwino ndi yankho lomwe lili ndi injini ya dizilo yolumikizidwa ndi makina - dizilo rotary UPS (DRIBP). Komabe, mchitidwe wapadziko lonse womanga malo opangira data, mpikisano weniweni uli pakati pa UPS wosasunthika ndi ukadaulo wina wa UPS wosinthika - UPS wozungulira, womwe ndi kuphatikiza kwa makina amagetsi omwe amapanga sinusoidal voteji ya mawonekedwe achilengedwe ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi. Ma UPS ozungulira oterowo ali ndi kulumikizana kwamagetsi ndi zida zosungira mphamvu, zomwe zitha kukhala mabatire kapena mawilo owuluka.
Kupita patsogolo kwamakono paukadaulo wowongolera, kudalirika, kuchita bwino komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, komanso kutsika kwa mtengo wamagetsi a UPS, ndizinthu zomwe sizosiyana ndi UPS yokhazikika. Mndandanda waposachedwa wa Piller UB-V ndi njira ina yoyenera.
Tiyeni tiwone zina mwazofunikira pakuwunika ndikusankha dongosolo la UPS la malo akulu amakono a data momwe ukadaulo umawoneka ngati wabwino.
1. Ndalama zamtengo wapatali
Ndizowona kuti ma UPS osasunthika atha kupereka mtengo wotsikirapo pa kW pamakina ang'onoang'ono a UPS, koma mwayiwo umatuluka mwachangu zikafika pamakina akulu akulu. Lingaliro lokhazikika loti opanga UPS osasunthika amakakamizika kutengera kulumikizidwa kofananira kwa ma UPS ambiri amphamvu yaing'ono, mwachitsanzo 1 kW mu kukula monga momwe zilili pansipa. Njirayi imakulolani kuti mukwaniritse mtengo wofunikira wa mphamvu yotulutsa dongosolo, koma chifukwa cha zovuta zazinthu zambiri zobwerezedwa, zimataya 250-20% ya mtengo wamtengo wapatali poyerekeza ndi mtengo wa yankho kutengera ma UPS ozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale kulumikizana kofananirako kwa ma module kumakhala ndi malire pa kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi mu dongosolo limodzi la UPS, pambuyo pake machitidwe ofananirako okhawo ayenera kukhala ofanana, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wa yankho chifukwa cha zida zowonjezera zogawa ndi zingwe.
Table 1. Chitsanzo cha yankho la katundu wa IT wa 48 MW. Kukula kwakukulu kwa UB-V monoblocks kumapulumutsa nthawi ndi ndalama.
2. Kudalirika
M'zaka zaposachedwa, malo opangira ma data akhala mabizinesi ochulukirachulukira, pomwe kudalirika kumatengedwa mopepuka. Pankhani imeneyi, anthu akudandaula kuti zimenezi zidzabweretsa mavuto mβtsogolo. Monga ogwira ntchito amayesetsa kulekerera zolakwa pazipita (chiwerengero cha "9") ndipo akuganiza kuti zofooka za teknoloji ya UPS yosasunthika zimagonjetsedwa ndi nthawi yochepa yokonza (MTTR) chifukwa chotha kusintha mofulumira ndi kutentha ma modules a UPS. Koma mkangano uwu ukhoza kudzigonjetsera. Ma module ambiri omwe amakhudzidwa, amakulitsa mwayi wolephera ndipo, chofunikira kwambiri, chiwopsezo chambiri choti kulephera koteroko kungayambitse kutayika kwa katundu mu dongosolo lonse. Ndi bwino kuti pasakhale ngozi.
Chifaniziro cha kudalira kwa chiwerengero cha zida zolephera pa mtengo wa nthawi pakati pa zolephera (MTBF) panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino zikuwonetsedwa mkuyu. 1 ndi mawerengedwe ofanana.
Mpunga. 1. Kudalira kuchuluka kwa zida zolephera pa chizindikiro cha MTBF.
Kuthekera kwa kulephera kwa zida za Q(t) panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino, mu gawo (II) la graph yokhotakhota yanthawi zonse, ikufotokozedwa bwino ndi lamulo logawa motsatizanatsatizana Q(t) = e-(Ξ»x t), pomwe Ξ» = 1/MTBF - kulephera kwamphamvu, ndipo t ndi nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito maola. Chifukwa chake, pakapita nthawi t padzakhala makhazikitsidwe a N(t) mumkhalidwe wopanda vuto kuchokera pachiwerengero choyambirira cha makhazikitsidwe onse N(0): N(t) = Q(t)*N(0).
MTBF yapakati ya static UPS ndi maola 200.000, ndipo MTBF ya UB-V Piller series rotary UPS ndi maola 1.300.000. Kuwerengera kukuwonetsa kuti pazaka 10 zogwira ntchito, 36% ya ma UPS osasunthika akumana ndi ngozi, ndipo 7% yokha ya ma UPS ozungulira. Poganizira kuchuluka kwa zida za UPS (Table 1), izi zikutanthauza kulephera 86 mwa magawo 240 a UPS osasunthika komanso kulephera 2 mwa ma module 20 a Piller rotary UPS, pamalo omwewo data okhala ndi katundu wothandiza wa IT wa 48 MW kupitilira 10. zaka ntchito.
Zochitika pakugwiritsa ntchito ma UPS osasunthika m'malo opangira ma data ku Russia komanso padziko lonse lapansi zimatsimikizira kudalirika kwa mawerengedwe omwe ali pamwambawa, kutengera ziwerengero za zolephera ndi kukonzanso komwe kumapezeka kuchokera kumalo otseguka.
Ma UPS onse a Piller rotary, makamaka mndandanda wa UB-V, amagwiritsa ntchito makina amagetsi kuti apange mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso osagwiritsa ntchito ma capacitor amagetsi ndi ma transistors a IGBT, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala omwe amayambitsa kulephera kwa ma UPS onse osasunthika. Kuphatikiza apo, UPS yokhazikika ndi gawo lovuta lamagetsi. Kuvuta kumachepetsa kudalirika. Ma UB-V rotary UPS ali ndi zigawo zochepa komanso mawonekedwe olimba kwambiri (motor-jenereta), zomwe zimawonjezera kudalirika.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi
Ma UPS amakono amakono ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezera pa intaneti (kapena "zabwinobwino") kuposa omwe adawatsogolera. Nthawi zambiri ndi nsonga zapamwamba za 96,3%. Ziwerengero zapamwamba zimatchulidwa nthawi zambiri, koma izi zimatheka kokha pamene UPS yosasunthika ikugwira ntchito posinthana pakati pa njira zapaintaneti ndi zina (mwachitsanzo ECO-mode). Komabe, mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira ina yopulumutsira mphamvu, katunduyo amagwira ntchito kuchokera pamaneti akunja popanda chitetezo chilichonse. Pachifukwa ichi, muzochita, nthawi zambiri malo opangira deta amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya intaneti yokha.
Piller UB-V mndandanda wa ma UPS a rotary sasintha mawonekedwe panthawi yanthawi zonse, pomwe akupereka mpaka 98% kuchita bwino pa intaneti pa 100% kuchuluka kwa katundu ndi 97% kuchita bwino pamlingo wa 50%.
Kusiyana kwa mphamvu zamagetsi kumakupatsani mwayi wopeza ndalama zambiri pamagetsi panthawi yogwira ntchito (Table 2).
Table 2. Kupulumutsa mphamvu zamagetsi pa data center ndi 48 MW ya katundu wa IT.
4. Malo Otanganidwa
Zolinga zonse za UPS zokhazikika zakhala zophatikizika kwambiri ndikusintha kupita kuukadaulo wa IGBT ndikuchotsa zosinthira. Komabe, ngakhale poganizira izi, ma UPS ozungulira a mndandanda wa UB-V amapereka phindu la 20% kapena kupitilira apo malinga ndi malo omwe amakhala pagawo lililonse la mphamvu. Kusungirako malo komwe kungathe kuchitika kungagwiritsidwe ntchito powonjezera mphamvu ya mphamvu yapakati komanso kuonjezera "zoyera", malo othandiza a nyumbayo kuti athetse ma seva owonjezera.
Mpunga. 2. Malo okhala ndi 2 MW UPS aukadaulo wosiyanasiyana. Real makhazikitsidwe kuti sikelo.
5. Kupezeka
Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za malo opangira deta opangidwa bwino, omangidwa ndi ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndizomwe zimakhala zolimba kwambiri. Ngakhale 100% uptime nthawi zonse ndi cholinga, malipoti akuwonetsa kuti kuposa 30% ya malo opangira data padziko lonse lapansi amakumana ndi vuto limodzi losakonzekera pachaka. Zambiri mwa izi zimayambitsidwa ndi zolakwika za anthu, koma zomangamanga zamagetsi zimagwiranso ntchito yofunika. Mndandanda wa UB-V umagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wotsimikiziridwa wa Piller rotary UPS mu kapangidwe ka monoblock, kudalirika komwe kuli kokwera kwambiri kuposa matekinoloje ena onse. Kuphatikiza apo, ma UB-V UPS okha omwe ali m'malo opangira ma data omwe ali ndi malo oyendetsedwa bwino safuna kuzimitsidwa pachaka kuti akonze.
6. Kusinthasintha
Nthawi zambiri, makina a data a IT amasinthidwa ndikusintha mkati mwa zaka 3-5. Chifukwa chake, zida zamagetsi ndi zoziziritsa kuziziritsa ziyenera kukhala zosinthika mokwanira kuti zigwirizane ndi izi ndikukhala umboni wokwanira wamtsogolo. UPS wamba wa static UPS ndi UB-V UPS zitha kukhazikitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Komabe, mayankho osiyanasiyana otengera omalizawa ndi okulirapo, ndipo, kunena zambiri, popeza izi sizikukwanira m'nkhaniyi, zimapangitsa kuti zitheke kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira magetsi osasunthika pamagetsi apakati a 6-30 kV, mpaka gwirani ntchito pamanetiweki omwe ali ndi njira zongowonjezwdwanso komanso zopangira zina, kuti apange makina otsika mtengo, odalirika kwambiri okhala ndi basi yokhazikika (IP Bus), yogwirizana ndi mulingo wa Tier IV UI pamasinthidwe a N + 1.
Pomaliza, mfundo zingapo zingatheke. Malo ochulukirachulukira akukula, ndizovuta kwambiri ntchito yowakonzekeretsa, pakafunika nthawi imodzi kuwongolera zizindikiro zachuma, mbali zodalirika, mbiri komanso kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe. Ma UPS osasunthika akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mtsogolo muno m'malo opangira data. Komabe, n'zosatsutsika kuti pali njira zina zomwe zilipo kale pamagetsi opangira magetsi omwe ali ndi ubwino wambiri pa "ma statics abwino akale".
Source: www.habr.com