Kuwongolera kuyerekezera kwamafuta: ma biometric osalumikizana nawo motsutsana ndi ma thermometers, ma coronavirus ndi ogwira ntchito mosasamala

Kodi masekondi asanu ndi ambiri kapena pang'ono? Kumwa khofi wotentha sikokwanira, kusuntha khadi lanu ndikupita kuntchito ndizochuluka. Koma nthawi zina ngakhale chifukwa cha kuchedwa kotereku, mizere imapangidwa pamalo ochezera, makamaka m’mawa. Tsopano tiyeni tikwaniritse zofunikira popewa COVID-19 ndikuyamba kuyeza kutentha kwa aliyense amene akulowa? Nthawi yodutsayi idzawonjezeka ndi nthawi 3-4, chifukwa cha izi khamu lidzawoneka, ndipo mmalo molimbana ndi kachilomboka, tidzapeza mikhalidwe yabwino kuti ifalikire. 

Kuti izi zisachitike, muyenera kukonza anthu pamzere kapena kusintha izi. Mu njira yachiwiri, ndikofunikira kutenga kutentha kwa anthu ambiri nthawi imodzi, osawalemetsa ndi zina zowonjezera. Izi zikhoza kuchitika powonjezera kanema anaziika dongosolo chojambula chotentha ndikuchita zingapo nthawi imodzi: kuzindikira nkhope, kuyeza kutentha ndikuwona kukhalapo kwa chigoba. Tidakambirana momwe machitidwe otere amagwirira ntchito pamsonkhano wathu "Biometrics motsutsana ndi mliri"ndipo tikuwuzani mwatsatanetsatane pansi padula.

Kodi makina oyerekeza ndi matenthedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti?

Chojambula chotenthetsera ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chamagetsi chomwe "chimawona" mu mawonekedwe a infrared. Inde, izi ndi zomwezo kuchokera m'mafilimu okhudza kuthamangitsa mphamvu zapadera ndi mafilimu okhudza Predator, zomwe zimakongoletsa bwino chithunzi chachizolowezi mumitundu yofiira ndi yabuluu. M'zochita zake, palibe zachilendo pa izo ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri: zithunzi zotentha zimatsimikizira malo ndi mawonekedwe a zinthu zomwe zimatulutsa kutentha ndikuyeza kutentha kwake.

M'makampani, zithunzi zotentha zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika kutentha pamizere yopanga, zida zamafakitale kapena mapaipi. Nthawi zambiri zithunzi zotentha zimatha kuwonedwa mozungulira zinthu zazikuluzikulu: makina oyerekeza amafuta "amawona" kutentha komwe munthu amatulutsa. Ndi chithandizo chawo, machitidwe otetezera amawona malo osaloledwa mu malo ngakhale mumdima wathunthu. 

Chifukwa cha COVID-19, makamera oyerekeza otenthetsera akuphatikizidwa kwambiri ndi makina ozindikiritsa a biometric kuti athe kuwongolera. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikizidwa mu "BioSKUD» (yankho lathunthu lochokera ku Rostelecom, lomwe limapangidwa ndikupangidwa ku Russia) zida zowunikira zotenthetsera zimatha kuyeza kutentha kwa anthu, kuyang'anira kayendetsedwe kake ndikuwunikira anthu omwe ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu. 

Palibe miyezo yovomerezeka yogwiritsira ntchito makina opangira matenthedwe ku Russia, koma pali ambiri Malangizo a Rospotrebnadzor, malinga ndi zomwe zimayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kutentha kwa alendo onse ndi antchito. Ndipo makina oyerekeza otenthetsera amachita izi pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, osafunanso zochita zina kuchokera kwa antchito ndi alendo.

Momwe machitidwe oyezera kutentha osalumikizana amagwirira ntchito

Maziko a dongosololi ndi chithunzithunzi cha kutentha chomwe chimakhala ndi zojambula zotentha ndi makamera ochiritsira, omwe amaikidwa m'nyumba wamba. Ngati mukuyenda m'khola ndipo kamera yodzaza ndi maso awiri ikuyang'anani kumaso, ichi ndi chithunzi chotentha. Nthawi zina zigawenga za ku China zimawapangitsa kukhala oyera ndipo amawonjezera “makutu” ang’onoang’ono kuti azioneka ngati ma panda. 

Ma optics osavuta amafunikira kuti aphatikizidwe ndi BioSKUD komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira zozindikiritsa nkhope - kuzindikira ndikuwona kupezeka kwa zida zodzitetezera (masks) kwa omwe akulowa. Kuphatikiza apo, kamera wamba itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwunika mtunda pakati pa anthu kapena pakati pa anthu ndi zida. Mu pulogalamuyo, chidziwitso cha kanema chokhudza zotsatira za kuyeza chikuwonetsedwa mu fomu yodziwika bwino kwa woyendetsa.

Kuti chojambula chotenthetsera chizigwira kokha ndi kutentha kwa anthu, chimakhala ndi njira yodziwira nkhope. Zida zimawerengera kutentha kuchokera ku matrix otenthetsera pamalo abwino - pamenepa, pamphumi. Popanda "sefa" iyi, chojambula chotenthetsera chimayambitsa makapu a khofi wotentha, mababu a incandescent, ndi zina zotero. Ntchito zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo kuyang'anira kukhalapo kwa zipangizo zotetezera ndi kusunga mtunda. 

Kawirikawiri, pakhomo la malo, machitidwe owonetsera kutentha akuphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe olowera ndi kasamalidwe. Zovutazo zimalumikizana ndi seva, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito deta yomwe ikubwera pogwiritsa ntchito ma analytics algorithms ndikuwatumiza ku automated operator workstation (AWS). 

Ngati kamera yojambula yotentha iwona kutentha kwakukulu, ndiye kuti kamera yokhazikika imatenga chithunzi cha mlendoyo ndikutumiza ku makina owongolera kuti azindikiridwe ndi nkhokwe ya antchito kapena alendo. 

Kuwongolera kwa makina oyerekeza otenthetsera: kuchokera pazitsanzo zofotokozera mpaka kuphunzira pamakina

Kukhazikitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito kukhamukira kwa kutentha kosalumikizana, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri thupi lakuda (ABL), yomwe pa kutentha kulikonse imatenga ma radiation a electromagnetic m'magulu onse. Imayikidwa m'malo owonera kamera yojambula yotenthetsera ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera chithunzithunzi chotentha. Blackbody imakhala ndi kutentha kwa 32-40 ° C (malingana ndi wopanga), zomwe zida "zimayang'aniridwa" nthawi iliyonse pamene zimayesa kutentha kwa zinthu zina.

Ndikovuta kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo loterolo. Chifukwa chake, kuti chojambula chotenthetsera chigwire ntchito moyenera, thupi lakuda liyenera kutentha mpaka kutentha komwe kumafunikira kwa mphindi 10-15. Pamalo ena, malo ojambulira matenthedwe amazimitsidwa usiku, ndipo m’maŵa wakudawo analibe nthaŵi yowotha bwino. Chotsatira chake, aliyense wolowa m'gululi anali ndi kutentha kwakukulu kumayambiriro kwa kusintha. Pambuyo pake tinazilingalira, ndipo tsopano makina owonetsera kutentha samazimitsidwa usiku.

Panopa tikupanga ukadaulo woyesera womwe umatilola kuchita popanda blackbody. Zinapezeka kuti khungu lathu lili pafupi ndi makhalidwe ake kwa thupi lakuda kwathunthu, ndipo nkhope ya munthu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati muyezo. Tikudziwa kuti anthu ambiri amakhala ndi kutentha kwa thupi kwa 36,6 ° C. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mungayang'anire anthu omwe ali ndi kutentha komweko kwa mphindi 10 ndikutengera kutentha uku kukhala 36,6 °C, ndiye kuti mutha kuyesa chithunzithunzi chotenthetsera kutengera nkhope zawo. Ukadaulo uwu, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito mothandizidwa ndi luntha lochita kupanga, ukuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino - palibe choyipa kuposa machitidwe oyerekeza amafuta okhala ndi thupi lakuda.

Kumene mtundu wakuda umagwiritsidwabe ntchito, luntha lochita kupanga limathandiza kuwongolera zithunzi zotentha. Chowonadi ndi chakuti machitidwe ambiri opangira matenthedwe amafunikira kuyika pamanja kwa chithunzithunzi chamafuta ndikusintha kwake ku thupi lakuda. Koma, zinthu zikasintha, kuyezetsa kuyenera kuchitidwanso, apo ayi zithunzithunzi zotentha zimayamba kuwonetsa kusintha kwa kutentha kapena kuchitapo kanthu ndi alendo omwe ali ndi kutentha koyenera. Kuwongolera pamanja ndi chisangalalo chotere, chifukwa chake tapanga gawo lotengera luntha lochita kupanga, lomwe limayang'anira kuzindikira thupi lakuda ndikusintha zonse palokha. 

Kodi ndizotheka kudzibisa nokha ku ma aligorivimu?

Luntha lochita kupanga komanso kuphunzira pamakina nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzolumikizana zopanda kulumikizana. AI ili ndi udindo wozindikira nkhope mumtsinje kuti muyese kutentha, kunyalanyaza zinthu zakunja (kapu yotentha ya khofi kapena tiyi, zinthu zowunikira, zamagetsi). Chabwino, ma algorithms ophunzitsira kuzindikira nkhope zovala masks akhala akuyenera kukhala ndi machitidwe aliwonse kuyambira 2018, ngakhale coronavirus isanachitike: ku Middle East, anthu amaphimba mbali yayikulu ya nkhope zawo pazifukwa zachipembedzo, ndipo m'maiko ambiri aku Asia akhala nthawi yayitali. amagwiritsa ntchito masks kuti ateteze ku chimfine kapena utsi wakutawuni. Kuzindikira nkhope yobisika theka ndikovuta kwambiri, koma ma aligorivimu akuwongoleranso: masiku ano ma neural network amazindikira nkhope zovala maski ndi kuthekera kofanana ndi chaka chapitacho popanda masks.

Zikuwoneka kuti masks ndi zida zina zodzitetezera zikadakhala vuto pakuzindikirika. Koma muzochita, ngakhale kukhalapo kwa chigoba kapena kusintha kwa tsitsi kapena mawonekedwe a magalasi kumakhudza kulondola kwa kuzindikira. Ma algorithms ozindikira nkhope amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo zochokera kudera lamaso-khutu-mphuno zomwe zimakhala zotseguka. 

"Kulephera" kokha muzochita zathu kumaphatikizapo kusintha maonekedwe a munthu kupyolera mu opaleshoni ya pulasitiki. Wogwira ntchito pambuyo pa opaleshoni ya pulasitiki sanathe kudutsa ma turnstiles: ma processor a biometric sanathe kumuzindikira. Ndinayenera kusintha chithunzicho kuti mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito geometry ya nkhope ugwirenso ntchito.

Kuthekera kwa makina oyerekeza amafuta

Kulondola kwa muyeso ndi liwiro lake zimatengera momwe chithunzithunzi chimatenthetsera matrix ndi mawonekedwe ake ena. Koma kuseri kwa matrix aliwonse pali mapulogalamu: algorithm yowunikira makanema ndiyomwe imayang'anira kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zili mu chimango, kuzizindikira ndikuzisefa. 

Mwachitsanzo, ma aligorivimu a imodzi mwama complexes amayesa kutentha kwa anthu 20 nthawi imodzi. Kuchuluka kwa malowa ndi anthu 400 pamphindi, zomwe ndizokwanira kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabizinesi akuluakulu, ma eyapoti ndi masitima apamtunda. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zithunzi zotentha zimajambula kutentha pamtunda wa mamita 9 ndi kulondola kwa kuphatikiza kapena kuchotsera 0,3 °C. 
Pali ma complex osavuta. Komabe, amathanso kuchita bwino ndi ntchito zawo. Njira imodzi ndiyo kuphatikizira chojambula chotenthetsera mu chimango chojambulira zitsulo. Zida izi ndizoyenera kuyang'ana malo okhala ndi alendo ochepa - mpaka anthu 40 pamphindi. Zida zotere zimazindikira nkhope za anthu ndikuyesa kutentha ndi kulondola kwa 0,5 °C pamtunda wa mita imodzi.

Mavuto mukamagwira ntchito ndi zithunzi zotentha

Kuyeza kutentha kwa anthu omwe ali mumtsinje sikungatchulidwe kuti ndi abwino. Mwachitsanzo, ngati munthu wakhala panja kwa nthawi yayitali nyengo yozizira, pakhomopo chojambula chotentha chimawonetsa kutentha kwa 1-2 °C kutsika kuposa komweku. Chifukwa cha ichi, dongosololi likhoza kulola anthu omwe ali ndi kutentha kwakukulu kuti alowe m'malo. Izi zitha kuthetsedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo:

• a) pangani khola lotenthetsera kuti musanayambe kuyeza kutentha, anthu amazolowera ndikuchoka ku chisanu;
• b) pamasiku achisanu, onjezani 1-2 °C ku kutentha kwa okwera onse omwe akubwera - komabe izi zipangitsa kuti omwe adafika pagalimoto ayambe kukayikira.

Vuto lina ndi mtengo wamakina oyerekeza amafuta olondola. Izi ndichifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kopangira chojambula chotenthetsera, chomwe chimafuna kuwongolera bwino, ma germanium optics, ndi zina zambiri. 

Source: www.habr.com