Lero tiyamba kuphunzira za OSPF mayendedwe. Mutuwu, monga protocol ya EIGRP, ndiyo mutu wofunikira kwambiri pamaphunziro onse a CCNA. Monga mukuonera, Gawo 2.4 limatchedwa "Kukonza, Kuyesa, ndi Kuthetsa Mavuto OSPFv2 Single-Zone ndi Multi-Zone ya IPv4 (Kupatula Kutsimikizira, Kusefa, Kufotokozera mwachidule Njira, Kugawanso, Stub Area, VNet, ndi LSA).
Mutu wa OSPF ndi wochuluka kwambiri, kotero zidzatenga 2, mwina 3 maphunziro a kanema. Phunziro lalero liperekedwa ku mbali yongopeka ya nkhaniyi; Ndikuuzani zomwe protocol iyi ndi yodziwika komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito. Mu kanema wotsatira, tipita ku OSPF kasinthidwe akafuna ntchito Packet Tracer.
Choncho mu phunziro ili ife kuphimba zinthu zitatu: chimene OSPF ndi, mmene ntchito, ndi zimene OSPF madera ali. M'phunziro lapitalo, tinanena kuti OSPF ndi njira yoyendetsera Link State yomwe imayang'ana maulalo olankhulana pakati pa ma routers ndikupanga zisankho motengera kuthamanga kwa maulalowo. Njira yayitali yokhala ndi liwiro lapamwamba, ndiko kuti, yokhala ndi zotulutsa zambiri, idzapatsidwa patsogolo pa kanjira kakang'ono kocheperako.
The RIP protocol, pokhala mtunda vekitala protocol, adzasankha single-hop njira, ngakhale ulalo uwu ali ndi liwiro otsika, ndi OSPF protocol kusankha njira yaitali anadumpha angapo ngati liwiro okwana pa njira imeneyi ndi apamwamba kuposa liwiro la magalimoto panjira yaifupi.
Tidzawona algorithm pambuyo pake, koma pakadali pano muyenera kukumbukira kuti OSPF ndi Link State Protocol. Muyezo wotseguka uwu udapangidwa mu 1988 kuti aliyense wopanga zida zama netiweki ndi aliyense wopereka maukonde azigwiritsa ntchito. Choncho OSPF ndi wotchuka kwambiri kuposa EIGRP.
OSPF version 2 inangothandiza IPv4, ndipo patatha chaka, mu 1989, opanga adalengeza mtundu 3, womwe umagwirizana ndi IPv6. Komabe, mtundu wachitatu wogwira ntchito wa OSPF wa IPv6 unawonekera kokha mu 2008. Chifukwa chiyani mwasankha OSPF? Mu phunziro lomaliza, tidaphunzira kuti njira yolowera pachipata ichi imagwira ntchito mwachangu kuposa RIP. Iyi ndi protocol yopanda kalasi.
Ngati mukukumbukira, RIP ndi protocol ya classful, kutanthauza kuti siyitumiza chidziwitso cha subnet mask, ndipo ikakumana ndi adilesi ya IP A/24, sichingavomereze. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mupereka ndi adilesi ya IP ngati 10.1.1.0/24, idzawona ngati netiweki 10.0.0.0 chifukwa sichimvetsetsa pomwe netiweki imalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito chigoba cha subnet chopitilira chimodzi.
OSPF ndi protocol otetezeka. Mwachitsanzo, ngati routers awiri kusinthanitsa mfundo OSPF, mukhoza sintha kutsimikizika kuti inu mukhoza kungogawana zambiri ndi rauta yoyandikana pambuyo kulowa achinsinsi. Monga tanenera kale, ndi muyezo lotseguka, kotero OSPF ntchito ambiri opanga maukonde zida.
Padziko lonse lapansi, OSPF ndi njira yosinthira malonda a Link State Advertisements, kapena LSAs. Mauthenga a LSA amapangidwa ndi rauta ndipo ali ndi zambiri zambiri: chidziwitso chapadera cha router router-id, deta yokhudzana ndi maukonde odziwika ndi rauta, deta ya mtengo wawo, ndi zina zotero. Router imafunikira chidziwitso chonsechi kuti ipange zisankho zamayendedwe.
Router R3 imatumiza chidziwitso chake cha LSA ku rauta R5, ndipo rauta R5 imagawana zambiri za LSA ndi R3. Ma LSA awa akuyimira dongosolo la data lomwe limapanga Link State Data Base, kapena LSDB. Router imasonkhanitsa ma LSA onse olandiridwa ndikuyika mu LSDB yake. Ma routers onse atapanga nkhokwe zawo, amasinthanitsa mauthenga a Hello, omwe amathandiza kupeza oyandikana nawo, ndikuyamba njira yofananizira ma LSDB awo.
Router R3 imatumiza rauta R5 a DBD, kapena uthenga wa "database description", ndipo R5 imatumiza DBD yake ku rauta R3. Mauthengawa ali ndi ma index a LSA omwe amapezeka muzosungira za rauta iliyonse. Pambuyo polandira DBD, R3 imatumiza fomu yofunsira pa netiweki ya LSR ku R5 kuti βNdili ndi kale mauthenga 3,4 ndi 9, choncho nditumizireni 5 ndi 7 okha.β
R5 imachitanso chimodzimodzi, kuuza rauta yachitatu kuti: "Ndili ndi chidziwitso 3,4 ndi 9, ndiye nditumizireni 1 ndi 2." Atalandira zopempha za LSR, ma routers amatumizanso mapaketi a LSU network update state, ndiko kuti, poyankha LSR yake, rauta yachitatu imalandira LSU kuchokera ku rauta R5. Ma routers akasintha ma database awo, onse, ngakhale mutakhala ndi ma routers 100, adzakhala ndi ma LSDB omwewo. Ma database a LSDB akapangidwa mu ma routers, aliyense wa iwo adzadziwa za netiweki yonse yonse. Ndondomeko ya OSPF imagwiritsa ntchito Njira Yachidule Kwambiri aligorivimu kuti apange tebulo loyendetsa, kotero chikhalidwe chofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito yake yolondola ndi chakuti LSDB ya zipangizo zonse pa intaneti zimagwirizanitsidwa.
Pachithunzi pamwambapa, pali ma routers 9, omwe amasinthanitsa LSR, LSU, ndi zina zotero mauthenga ndi oyandikana nawo. Zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa wina ndi mzake kudzera pa p2p, kapena "point-to-point" interfaces zomwe zimathandizira ntchito kudzera mu protocol ya OSPF, ndikuyanjana wina ndi mzake kuti apange LSDB yomweyo.
Maziko akangolumikizidwa, rauta iliyonse, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yayifupi kwambiri, imapanga tebulo lake lolowera. Matebulo awa adzakhala osiyana kwa ma routers osiyanasiyana. Ndiko kuti, ma routers onse amagwiritsa ntchito LSDB yomweyo, koma pangani matebulo oyendera potengera malingaliro awo okhudza njira zazifupi kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito aligorivimu, OSPF ayenera nthawi zonse kusintha LSDB.
Chifukwa chake, kuti OSPF igwire ntchito yokha, iyenera kupereka kaye zinthu zitatu: kupeza oyandikana nawo, kupanga ndikusintha LSDB, ndikupanga tebulo lowongolera. Kuti akwaniritse chikhalidwe choyamba, woyang'anira netiweki angafunikire kukonza pamanja rauta-id, nthawi, kapena chigoba cha wildcard. Mu kanema wotsatira tiwona kukhazikitsa chipangizo chogwirira ntchito ndi OSPF, chifukwa tsopano muyenera kudziwa kuti protocol iyi imagwiritsa ntchito chigoba chosinthira, ndipo ngati sichikugwirizana, ngati ma subnets anu sakugwirizana, kapena kutsimikizika sikukugwirizana. , malo ozungulira ma routers sangathe kupanga. Chifukwa chake, mukathetsa OSPF, muyenera kudziwa chifukwa chake dera ili silinapangidwe, ndiye kuti, fufuzani kuti magawo omwe ali pamwambawa akugwirizana.
Monga woyang'anira ma netiweki, simukutenga nawo mbali pakupanga LSDB. Zosungirako zimasinthidwa zokha pambuyo popanga malo ozungulira ma routers, monga momwe amapangira matebulo oyendera. Zonsezi zimachitika ndi chipangizo palokha, kukhazikitsidwa ntchito ndi OSPF protocol.
Tiyeni tione chitsanzo. Tili ndi ma routers awiri, omwe ndidapereka RIDs 2 ndi 1.1.1.1 kuti zikhale zosavuta. Mwamsanga pamene ife kulumikiza iwo, kugwirizana njira yomweyo kupita ku boma mmwamba, chifukwa ine choyamba kukhazikitsidwa routers awa ntchito ndi OSPF. Njira yolumikizirana ikangopangidwa, rauta A imatumiza paketi ya Hello ku rauta A. Phukusili likhala ndi zidziwitso zomwe rauta iyi "sanawone" aliyense panjira iyi, chifukwa ikutumiza Hello kwa nthawi yoyamba, komanso chizindikiritso chake, zambiri za netiweki yolumikizidwa nayo, ndi zina zambiri zomwe imatha. kugawana ndi mnansi.
Atalandira paketi iyi, rauta B adzanena kuti: "Ndikuwona kuti pali munthu amene angakhale woyandikana naye OSPF pa njira iyi yolumikizirana" ndipo adzapita ku Init state. Paketi ya Moni si uthenga wa unicast kapena wowulutsa, ndi paketi ya multicast yotumizidwa ku adilesi ya IP ya OSPF 224.0.0.5. Anthu ena amafunsa kuti subnet mask ya multicast ndi chiyani. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ma multicast alibe chigoba cha subnet; imafalikira ngati siginecha ya wailesi, yomwe imamveka ndi zida zonse zomwe zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukufuna kumva wailesi ya FM ikuwulutsa pafupipafupi 91,0, mumayitanira wailesi yanu pafupipafupi.
Momwemonso, rauta B imakonzedwa kuti ilandire mauthenga adilesi ya multicast 224.0.0.5. Ikumvera tchanelochi, imalandira paketi ya Hello yotumizidwa ndi Router A ndikuyankha ndi uthenga wake.
Pachifukwa ichi, malo oyandikana nawo akhoza kukhazikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati yankho B likukwaniritsa zofunikira. Chofunikira choyamba ndikuti kuchuluka kwa kutumiza mauthenga a Hello ndi nthawi yodikirira kuyankha ku uthenga uwu Dead Interval iyenera kukhala yofanana kwa ma router onse awiri. Nthawi zambiri Nthawi Yakufa ndi yofanana ndi ma Moni anthawi yanthawi yayitali. Choncho, ngati Hello Timer ya router A ndi 10 s, ndipo router B imatumiza uthenga pambuyo pa 30 s, pamene Dead Interval ndi 20 s, kuyandikira sikudzachitika.
Muyeso wachiwiri ndikuti ma router onse ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu womwewo wa kutsimikizika. Chifukwa chake, mawu achinsinsi otsimikizira ayeneranso kufanana.
Mulingo wachitatu ndi kufanana kwa zone za Arial ID zone, chachinayi ndikufanana ndi kutalika kwa netiweki prefix. Ngati Router A ikunena za /24 prefix, ndiye Router B iyeneranso kukhala ndi /24 network prefix. Mu kanema wotsatira tiwona izi mwatsatanetsatane, pakadali pano ndiwona kuti iyi si chigoba cha subnet, apa ma routers amagwiritsa ntchito chigoba cha Wildcard. Ndipo zowonadi, mbendera zadera la Stub ziyeneranso kufanana ngati ma routers ali mderali.
Mukawona izi, ngati zikugwirizana, rauta B imatumiza paketi yake ya Hello ku rauta A. Mosiyana ndi uthenga wa A, Router B ikunena kuti idawona Router A ndikudziwonetsa yokha.
Poyankha uthenga uwu, rauta A imatumizanso Moni kwa rauta B, momwe imatsimikizira kuti idawonanso rauta B, njira yolumikizirana pakati pawo imakhala ndi zida 1.1.1.1 ndi 2.2.2.2, ndipo palokha ndi chipangizo 1.1.1.1 . Iyi ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri lokhazikitsa malo oyandikana nawo. Pankhaniyi, njira ziwiri zolumikizira 2-WAY zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati tili ndi chosinthira chokhala ndi ma routers 4? M'malo "ogawana" oterowo, amodzi mwa ma rauta ayenera kukhala ngati Routa Yosankhidwa DR, ndipo yachiwiri iyenera kukhala ngati Backup yosankhidwa rauta, BDR.
Chilichonse mwa zida izi chipanga kulumikizana Kwathunthu, kapena kukhazikika kwathunthu, pambuyo pake tiwona zomwe izi zili, komabe, kulumikizana kwamtunduwu kudzakhazikitsidwa kokha ndi DR ndi BDR; ma router awiri apansi D ndi B adzakhala. amalankhulanabe pogwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zolumikizirana "point-to-point".
Ndiko kuti, ndi DR ndi BDR, ma routers onse amakhazikitsa ubale wathunthu woyandikana nawo, ndipo wina ndi mzake - kugwirizana kwa mfundo. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri chifukwa pakulumikizana kwanjira ziwiri pakati pa zida zoyandikana, magawo onse a paketi ya Hello ayenera kufanana. Kwa ife, zonse zimagwirizana, kotero zipangizo zimapanga malo oyandikana nawo popanda mavuto.
Mwamsanga pamene kulankhulana kwa njira ziwiri kukhazikitsidwa, router A imatumiza router B paketi ya Database Description, kapena "mafotokozedwe a database", ndikulowa mu ExStart state - chiyambi cha kusinthanitsa, kapena kuyembekezera kukweza. The Database Descriptor ndi chidziwitso chofanana ndi zomwe zili m'buku - ndi mndandanda wa chirichonse chomwe chiri mu nkhokwe ya mayendedwe. Poyankha, Router B imatumiza malongosoledwe ake a database ku Router A ndikulowa m'malo olumikizirana njira ya Exchange. Ngati mu Kusinthana boma rauta detects kuti ena akusowa mu Nawonso achichepere ake, izo zilowa mu LOADING potsegula boma ndi kuyamba kusinthanitsa LSR, LSU ndi LSA mauthenga ndi mnansi wake.
Kotero, router A idzatumiza LSR kwa mnansi wake, yemwe adzayankha ndi paketi ya LSU, yomwe router A idzayankha kwa router B ndi uthenga wa LSA. Kusinthanitsa uku kudzachitika nthawi zambiri momwe zida zimafunira kusinthanitsa mauthenga a LSA. The LOADING state zikutanthauza kuti kusinthidwa kwathunthu kwa database ya LSA sikunachitike. Deta yonse ikatsitsidwa, zida zonse ziwiri zidzalowa FULL moyandikana.
Zindikirani kuti ndi kugwirizana kwa njira ziwiri, zipangizozi zili pafupi ndi malo oyandikana nawo, ndipo malo oyandikana nawo amatha pokhapokha pakati pa ma routers, DR ndi BDR. phunzirani za kusinthaku kuchokera kwa DR
Kusankha DR ndi BDR ndi nkhani yofunika. Tiyeni tiwone momwe DR imasankhidwira m'malo ambiri. Tiyerekeze kuti chiwembu chathu chili ndi ma routers atatu ndi chosinthira. Zida za OSPF poyamba yerekezerani zofunikira mu Mauthenga a Moni, kenako yerekezerani ndi ID ya rauta.
Chipangizo chomwe chili patsogolo kwambiri chimakhala DR Ngati zofunikira pazida ziwiri zikugwirizana, ndiye kuti chipangizo chokhala ndi ID ya Router yapamwamba kwambiri chimasankhidwa kuchokera pawiriwo ndikukhala DR.
Chipangizo chomwe chili patsogolo kwambiri kapena chachiwiri chapamwamba kwambiri cha Router ID chimakhala chosungira chodzipatulira cha rauta BDR. Ngati DR yalephera, nthawi yomweyo idzasinthidwa ndi BDR. Idzayamba kuchita gawo la DR, ndipo dongosolo lidzasankha lina. BDR
Ndikuyembekeza kuti mwapeza chisankho cha DR ndi BDR, ngati sichoncho, ndibwereranso ku nkhaniyi mu imodzi mwa mavidiyo otsatirawa ndikufotokozera ndondomekoyi.
Pakadali pano tayang'ana zomwe Hello ndi, Database Descriptor, ndi LSR, LSU, ndi LSA mauthenga. Tisanapitirire ku mutu wotsatira, tiyeni tikambirane pang'ono za mtengo wa OSPF.
Ku Cisco, mtengo wa njira umawerengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito chiΕ΅erengero cha chiwerengero cha Reference bandwidth, chomwe chimayikidwa ku 100 Mbit / s mwachisawawa, ku mtengo wa njira. Mwachitsanzo, polumikiza zipangizo kudzera pa doko lachinsinsi, liwiro ndi 1.544 Mbps, ndipo mtengo udzakhala 64. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito kugwirizana kwa Ethernet ndi liwiro la 10 Mbps, mtengo udzakhala 10, ndi mtengo wa kugwirizana kwa FastEthernet ndi. liwiro la 100 Mbps lidzakhala 1.
Tikamagwiritsa ntchito Gigabit Ethernet tili ndi liwiro la 1000 Mbps, koma panthawiyi liwiro limaganiziridwa nthawi zonse kuti ndi 1. Choncho, ngati muli ndi Gigabit Ethernet pa intaneti yanu, muyenera kusintha mtengo wosasintha wa Ref. BW ndi 1000. Pankhaniyi, mtengo udzakhala 1, ndipo tebulo lonse lidzawerengedwanso ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali ukuwonjezeka ndi nthawi 10. Tikapanga malo oyandikana nawo ndikumanga LSDB, timapitilira kumanga tebulo lolowera.
Atalandira LSDB, rauta aliyense payekha amayamba kupanga mndandanda wa njira pogwiritsa ntchito aligorivimu ya SPF. Muchiwembu chathu, rauta A imadzipangira yokha tebulo lotere. Mwachitsanzo, imawerengera mtengo wa njira A-R1 ndikutsimikizira kuti ndi 10. Kuti chithunzicho chimveke mosavuta, tiyerekeze kuti router A imasankha njira yabwino yopita ku router B. Mtengo wa ulalo A-R1 ndi 10 , ulalo A-R2 ndi 100, ndipo mtengo wa njira A-R3 ndi wofanana ndi 11, ndiko kuti, kuchuluka kwa njira A-R1(10) ndi R1-R3(1).
Ngati rauta A ikufuna kupita ku rauta R4, itha kuchita izi mwina panjira A-R1-R4 kapena panjira A-R2-R4, ndipo munjira zonsezi mtengo wanjira udzakhala wofanana: 10+100. =100+10=110. Njira A-R6 idzagula 100+1= 101, yomwe ili yabwinoko kale. Kenako, tikambirana njira ya rauta R5 panjira A-R1-R3-R5, mtengo wake udzakhala 10+1+100 = 111.
Njira yopita ku rauta R7 ikhoza kuyikidwa m'njira ziwiri: A-R1-R4-R7 kapena A-R2-R6-R7. Mtengo woyamba udzakhala 210, wachiwiri - 201, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kusankha 201. Choncho, kuti mufike pa router B, router A ikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira 4.
Mtengo wa njira A-R1-R3-R5-B udzakhala 121. Njira A-R1-R4-R7-B idzagula 220. Njira A-R2-R4-R7-B idzagula 210, ndi A-R2- R6-R7- B ili ndi mtengo wa 211. Malingana ndi izi, router A idzasankha njira ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri, wofanana ndi 121, ndikuyiyika mu tebulo loyendetsa. Ichi ndi chithunzi chosavuta cha momwe ma algorithm a SPF amagwirira ntchito. M'malo mwake, tebulo ili ndi zilembo zokha za ma routers omwe njira yabwino imayendera, komanso madoko omwe amawalumikiza ndi zina zonse zofunika.
Tiyeni tiwone mutu wina womwe ukukhudza mayendedwe. Childs, pamene kukhazikitsa kampani OSPF zipangizo, iwo onse ili mu zone wamba.
Chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati chipangizo cholumikizidwa ndi rauta ya R3 chikulephera mwadzidzidzi? Router R3 nthawi yomweyo iyamba kutumiza uthenga kwa ma routers R5 ndi R1 kuti tchanelo chokhala ndi chipangizochi sichikugwiranso ntchito, ndipo ma routers onse ayamba kusinthanitsa zosintha za chochitikachi.
Ngati muli ndi ma routers 100, onse adzasintha chidziwitso cha boma chifukwa ali m'dera lomwelo. Zomwezo zidzachitika ngati imodzi mwa ma routers oyandikana nayo ikulephera - zida zonse m'derali zidzasinthana ndi LSA zosintha. Pambuyo pa kusinthana kwa mauthenga otere, topology ya netiweki yokha idzasintha. Izi zikachitika, SPF idzawerengeranso matebulo oyendera malinga ndi momwe zasinthira. Iyi ndi njira yayikulu kwambiri, ndipo ngati muli ndi zida chikwi m'dera limodzi, muyenera kuyang'anira kukula kwa kukumbukira kwa ma routers kuti zikhale zokwanira kusunga ma LSA onse ndi database yayikulu ya LSDB yolumikizira boma. Zosintha zikangochitika mbali ina ya chigawocho, algorithm ya SPF nthawi yomweyo imawerengeranso njira. Mwachikhazikitso, LSA imasinthidwa mphindi 30 zilizonse. Izi sizichitika pazida zonse nthawi imodzi, koma mulimonse, zosintha zimachitidwa ndi rauta iliyonse mphindi 30 zilizonse. The zambiri maukonde zipangizo. Kukumbukira kochulukirapo komanso nthawi kumatengera kusintha LSDB.
Vutoli litha kuthetsedwa pogawaniza chigawo chimodzi m'magawo angapo osiyana, ndiye kuti, kugwiritsa ntchito multizoning. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kukhala ndi dongosolo kapena chithunzi cha netiweki yonse yomwe mumayang'anira. AREA 0 ndiye dera lanu lalikulu. Apa ndi pomwe kulumikizidwa kwa netiweki yakunja kumapangidwira, mwachitsanzo, kupeza intaneti. Mukapanga madera atsopano, muyenera kutsatira lamuloli: chigawo chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi ABR imodzi, Area Border Router. Routa yam'mphepete imakhala ndi mawonekedwe amodzi muzone imodzi ndi mawonekedwe achiwiri kudera lina. Mwachitsanzo, rauta ya R5 ili ndi zone mu zone 1 ndi zone 0. Monga ndanenera, chigawo chilichonse chiyenera kulumikizidwa ku zone zero, ndiko kuti, kukhala ndi rauta ya m'mphepete, imodzi mwazomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi AREA 0.
Tiyerekeze kuti kulumikizana kwa R6-R7 kwalephera. Pamenepa, kusintha kwa LSA kudzafalikira kudzera ku AREA 1 ndipo kumakhudza chigawo ichi chokha. Zipangizo mu zone 2 ndi zone 0 sizidziwa nkomwe. Edge rauta R5 ikufotokozera mwachidule zomwe zikuchitika mdera lake ndikutumiza chidule cha momwe netiweki ilili kudera lalikulu AREA 0. Zipangizo zomwe zili mugawo limodzi siziyenera kudziwa zosintha zonse za LSA m'magawo ena chifukwa rauta ya ABR imatumiza uthenga wachidule kuchokera kudera lina kupita ku lina.
Ngati simuli omveka bwino pa lingaliro la zones, mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri mu maphunziro otsatirawa pamene ife kulowa configuring OSPF yodutsa ndi kuyang'ana zitsanzo zina.
Zikomo chifukwa chokhala nafe. Kodi mumakonda zolemba zathu? Mukufuna kuwona zambiri zosangalatsa? Tithandizeni potipatsa oda kapena kulimbikitsa anzathu, 30% kuchotsera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito a Habr pa analogi yapadera yamaseva olowera, omwe tinapangira inu: (ikupezeka ndi RAID1 ndi RAID10, mpaka 24 cores mpaka 40GB DDR4).
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Source: www.habr.com