Ntchito yakutali kapena freelancing kumidzi. Kulankhulana mbali. Gawo 2. Pali kulumikizana

В nkhani yapita Ndinakhudza mutu wa "dacha" Intaneti ndi zipangizo zopezera intaneti iyi. Koma si aliyense amene ali ndi nsanja yam'manja yam'manja yomwe akuwona, ndipo mluzu wa modem kuchokera kwa oyendetsa ma cell ungakhale wopanda ntchito. Ndipo apa ma routers apadera, amplifiers ndi tinyanga zolunjika zimabwera kudzapulumutsa. M'nkhaniyi ndikuuzani momwe mungakwaniritsire chitonthozo pa intaneti chofanana ndi cha mumzinda.

Poyamba, tiyeni tidutse mitundu ya tinyanga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawayilesi. Pali mitundu itatu ndi zosintha zawo zosiyanasiyana.

Wave Channel kapena YAGI
Ubwino: kupanga mosavuta, mtengo wotsika
Zoyipa: sichigwira bwino chizindikiritso, chikhoza kusinthika (ngati sichovala choteteza)
Mapulogalamu: Makamaka mauthenga okhazikika pamizere yocheperako

Zozungulira kapena OMNI tinyanga
Ubwino: khazikitsani ndikuyiwala
Zoyipa: kachidutswa kakang'ono kobwezeretsa kutentha kutengera zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kujambula phokoso kuchokera kumbali zonse
Zolinga zogwiritsira ntchito: nthawi zambiri, mlongoti wozungulira umagwiritsidwa ntchito pogawa zizindikiro, osati kulandira. Kupatulapo ndikusuntha zinthu - magalimoto, ma yacht. Kapena ngati palibe njira yolumikizira chizindikiro (matauni owundana, zizindikiro zingapo zozungulira)

Antennas a gulu
Ubwino: voliyumu yaying'ono m'malo, malo akuluakulu olandirira chizindikiro (makamaka ngati chizindikirocho chili m'mphepete kapena kuwonetsedwa kuchokera kugulu la malo). Kusiyanasiyana kwakukulu kwa magwiridwe antchito, pafupipafupi komanso malinga ndi mawonekedwe a phindu ndi ma radiation
Zoipa: mtengo, mphepo yamkuntho
Zolinga zogwiritsiridwa ntchito: kuchokera ku tinyanga za ogwiritsa ntchito kupita kuzinthu zopangidwa kunyumba, tinyanga nthawi zambiri zimakhala pa bolodi.

Nditayamba kufunafuna njira zothetsera liwiro la intaneti, ndinalankhula ndi akatswiri ambiri. Zotsatira zake, tili ndi mndandanda wachidule wazinthu zomwe muyenera kuziganizira:

0. Kumbukirani physics yakusukulu yokhudza mafunde ndikutsogozedwa ndi malingaliro
1. Musanayerekeze ndi kulimbikitsa chilichonse, muyenera kuyeza liwiro la intaneti m'mawa kwambiri, masana, nthawi yamadzulo (pafupifupi maola 20), usiku kwambiri. Ngati kusinthasintha kuli kopitilira 30%, ndiye kuti siteshoni yoyambira yadzaza. Kungofufuza BS yodzaza kwambiri ndi komwe kungakonze. Ndipo zimenezo si zoona.
2. Ganizirani mosamalitsa njira zomwe zingatheke - zabwino ndi zoipa ndizo cardinal
3. Musakhale aumbombo. Inde, mtengo woyambira umawoneka wokwera kwambiri. Apa mfundo ya "yofunikira ndi yokwanira" imabwera pamutu wa tebulo.
4. Osamamatira pazida zokhoma. Mapulogalamu amatha kulembedwa molakwika, wogwiritsa ntchito wina angayambe kugwira ntchito bwino kuposa wosankhidwayo. Chifukwa chake, zoyambira zokha kapena zotsegulidwa + ndithudi mapulogalamu oyambirira
5. Kukwanira. Ndikoyenera kuyang'ana onse ogwira ntchito - mmodzi wa iwo nthawi zambiri amatha kudabwitsa (panali zochitika pamene Megafon ndi MTS zidadzaza, ndipo Beeline adapereka 15+ Mbits pa kutsitsa).
6. Kuleza mtima. Kuyika dongosolo si nkhani ya mphindi zitatu, makamaka ngati simuchita tsiku lililonse. Digiri iliyonse, centimita iliyonse kukwezeka/kutsika kumatha kupanga kusiyana kwa ma megabit angapo. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito amagwiritsa ntchito mlongoti mwamphamvu pamene akumangirira zomangira - apo ayi njirayo ikhoza kutayika pang'ono, zomwe zingasokoneze liwiro.
7. Ngati mungakhulupirire katswiri, ndi bwino kudalira katswiri. Mutha kuphunthwa mukapanga zida zofananira (mapulogalamu, magetsi, zolumikizira, ndi zina zambiri); mutha kulakwitsa podula chingwe, posankha michira ya ma modemu, kapena kulumikiza mlongoti.
8. Nthawi. Kuyambira ndi kupita kutha kutenga tsiku limodzi mpaka sabata

Nditadzazidwa ndi nthanthi, ndinayamba kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Mikhalidwe ili motere: nsanja yapafupi yokhala ndi chithandizo cha LTE ili mu mzere wowongoka pamtunda wa 3-4 km, koma njira ya chizindikiro imatsekedwa ndi mitengo. Ndipo ngati m'nyengo yozizira kusowa kwa masamba kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa chizindikiro, ndiye kuti m'chilimwe, khalidwe la kulankhulana limatsika kwambiri, ndipo sindikufuna kukweza mlongoti ndi mlongoti ndikulimbana ndi ndodo yamphezi. Palibe zopinga zina kupatula mitengo yomwe ili munjira yolumikizira. Lamba wa m'nkhalango ndi wamfupi, pafupifupi mamita 100.

Mawonekedwe a BS


Njira yanga yoyamba panjira yopita ku intaneti yabwino inali mlongoti
LTE MiMo INDOOR


TTX:
Mtundu wa Antenna: M'nyumba
Mtundu wa antenna: wave channel
Miyezo yolumikizirana yothandizidwa: LTE, HSPA, HSPA +
Maulendo ogwiritsira ntchito, MHz: 790-2700
Kupeza, max., dBi: 11
Voltage stand wave ratio, osapitilira: 1.25
Khalidwe losokoneza, Ohm: 50
Miyeso yosonkhanitsidwa (popanda cholumikizira), mm: 160x150x150
Kulemera, osatinso, kg: 0.6

Chithunzi cha mlongoti kuchokera mkati

Kampani yopanga ili ku Saratov ndipo imapereka zida zosiyanasiyana. Ndinakopeka ndi maulendo osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito, chithandizo cha 3G4G ndi kukhalapo kwa tinyanga ziwiri nthawi imodzi, zomwe zinali zoyenera pa router yanga ya Huawei E5372. Pokhala ndi mayendedwe omveka bwino, mutha kuyiyika pawindo, ndikuwongolera ku BS ndikusangalala ndi kulumikizana. Ndiyenera kunena kuti kulandiridwa kwakhala kodzidalira kwambiri, ndipo mlingo wa chizindikiro ndi wapamwamba. Chotsatira chomwe chinapezedwa: 3G imalandiridwa mwangwiro, 4G imalandiridwa ndipo pali ngakhale kugwirizana, koma chizindikiro cholandirira ndi chochepa kwambiri. Yoyenera kugwira ntchito mu 3G yokha kapena popanda masamba pamitengo. Sindinakhutitsidwenso ndi kusowa kwa cholumikizira cha Efaneti, popeza panali kufunika kolumikiza foni ya VoIP ya hardware.

Ubwino: yaying'ono, ili ndi chingwe cholumikizira cha USB cholumikizira ma modemu a USB, mulingo wabwino, wolunjika
Zoyipa: Zimafunikira kukhazikitsa pafupi ndi zenera, phindu siligwirizana ndi zomwe zalengezedwa.

Mtengo: 1590 rubles + rauta 5700 (Huawei E5372)

3G/4G OMEGA MIMO


TTX:
Mtundu wa antenna: kunja
Mtundu wa antenna: gulu
Miyezo yolumikizirana yothandizidwa: LTE, WCDMA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA
Maulendo ogwiritsira ntchito, MHz: 1700-2700
Kupindula, max., dBi: 15-18
Voltage stand wave ratio, osapitilira: 1,5
Khalidwe losokoneza, Ohm: 50
Miyeso yosonkhanitsidwa (popanda cholumikizira), mm: 450х450х60
Kulemera, osapitirira, kg: 3,2 kg

Chithunzi cha mlongoti

Izi si mlongoti, koma zongopeka. Nditaona bokosilo, ndinaganiza kuti ndi pizza yaikulu kwambiri, ndipo nditainyamula ndinazindikira kuti inalinso yolemera kwambiri. Nyumba yotsekedwa ya mlongoti wa sikweya wokhala ndi mbali ya masentimita 45 ndi yopangidwa ndi pulasitiki yosamva kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Mlongoti umafunika kukwera pamtengo ndikupendekeka molunjika, komanso kusintha mbali ya polarization ndi madigiri 45 - zonse ndi phiri lokhazikika. Popeza mphepo ya mlongoti wotereyi ndi yaikulu kwambiri, ndipo kulemera kwake kumaposa 3 kg, zomangira zimakhala zochititsa chidwi. Mlongoti umagwira ntchito mu maukonde a 3G ndi 4G mothandizidwa ndi MIMO. Miyezo yayikulu imapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wopeza phindu lokwanira, zomwe zikutanthauza kulumikizana kokhazikika. Ndilemba za liwiro lomwe lili pansipa, ndikufanizira ma seti awiri omwe adathera m'manja mwanga. Mlongoti uwu umandigwirira ntchito limodzi ndi rauta ya Zyxel Keenetic LTE. Pazonse, ndine wokondwa kwambiri ndi chipangizochi.

Ubwino: Kupindula kwakukulu, kuyikapo kosavuta, kapangidwe kakunja kosindikizidwa
Zoipa: kulemera kwakukulu, mphepo yamkuntho

Mtengo: 4200 rubles + rauta 7000 rubles (Zyxel Keenetic LTE) (mtengo uwu suphatikizapo misonkhano ya chingwe. Ndinatenga msonkhano wa chingwe N-mwamuna - 3 mamita 5D-FB - N-mwamuna+ 2400 RUR

Zyxel LTE 6101 vs Zyxel Keenetic LTE+3G/4G OMEGA MIMO

Zyxel LTE 6101

Popeza ndinali ndi mwayi wofanizira zida ziwiri, imodzi yodzisonkhanitsa yokha ndi yachiwiri yokonzekera, ndinkafuna kumvetsa ngati kunali koyenera kulipira ma ruble 25 pa chipangizo chokonzekera cha Zyxel LTE 6101 kapena kuthera nthawi pang'ono komanso kuyesetsa kusonkhanitsa seti ya rauta, mawaya ndi tinyanga nokha kwa ma ruble 11200.
Ndinachotsa Zyxel LTE 6101 yakunja, yomwe ili ndi modemu ya LTE yokhala ndi mlongoti. Kukonzekera uku kumakuthandizani kuti muchepetse kutalika kwa zingwe kuchokera ku antenna kupita ku modem, motero muchepetse kutayika kwa chizindikiro mu chingwe. Chigawo chakunja chimasindikizidwa molingana ndi muyezo wa IP65 ndipo chimatha kupirira mvula yambiri, chifukwa cha ma gaskets a rabara pamalo onse olumikizirana, kuphatikiza mapulagi ndi kulowa kwa chingwe. Modem mu gawo lakunja imayendetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa POE, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chingwe chimodzi chokha cha Ethernet chidzachokera kugawo lakunja. Kutalika kwake kungakhale mpaka mamita 100, koma ndinali ndi mwayi woyesa chingwe cha mamita 30, chomwe chinali chokwanira kukonza bwino zipangizo m'nyumba yaikulu. Chida chachiwiri, rauta, ndichachilendo. Sizingatheke kulumikiza rauta ina kuti igwire ntchito ndi gawo lakunja, kotero muyenera kukonzekera kuti chipangizocho chikugulitsidwa ngati phukusi. Payokha, ikuwoneka bwino, ili ndi zolumikizira za Gigabit Ethernet ndi cholumikizira chabuluu cholumikizira cholumikizira chakunja. Magawo akunja ndi amkati ali ndi ma bolts olumikizirana pansi, omwe amateteza zida kuti zisasokonezedwe ndi mafunde pakagwa mvula yamkuntho. Kuphweka kwa kukhazikitsa ndi kutonthoza ntchito pa msinkhu. Chipangizocho chikuchokera m'gulu - adachichotsa ndikugwira ntchito. Mwachibadwa, sindikanatha kukana kusokoneza gawo lakunja. Chithunzi pansi pa odulidwa.

Timasokoneza gawo lakunja la Zyxel LTE 6101

Zyxel Keenetic LTE

Gawo lachiwiri linali kudzipangira nokha zida zofanana zochokera ku Zyxel Keenetic LTE. Iyi ndiye Keenetic yokhayo pamndandanda womwe uli ndi modemu ya 4G; zina zonse zimafunikira kulumikiza modemu yakunja ya USB. Gwero la intaneti lingakhalenso wothandizira maukonde omwe amagawa mwayi kudzera pa Ethernet kapena Wi-Fi. Kwa ine, ndimagwiritsa ntchito intaneti kudzera pa LTE, kotero timayika SIM khadi mu malo oyenera ndikuyatsa rauta. Munthawi yanthawi zonse, komwe kulumikizidwa kwa netiweki kuli bwino, mphamvu ya siginecha iwonetsedwa kutsogolo, ndipo mwayi wamaukonde udzawonekera nthawi yomweyo kapena pakangopanga pang'ono kudzera pa intaneti. Kwa ine, mphamvu ya chizindikiro inali yofooka kwambiri, choncho ndinafunika kugwiritsa ntchito mlongoti wakunja. Pagawo lakumbuyo la rauta pali zolumikizira zolumikizira mlongoti wa MIMO ndikusintha kuchokera ku mlongoti wamkati kupita ku wakunja. Kulumikiza mlongoti 3G/4G OMEGA MIMO, ndinalandira kulankhulana ngakhale ndili pa mtunda wabwino kwambiri kuchokera kumunsi ndi kupyolera mu chopinga mumpangidwe wa lamba wa nkhalango. Koma m'pofunika kuganizira kuti pankhani ya kuphatikiza uku, m'pofunika kuyika rauta pafupi ndi mlongoti momwe ndingathere, popeza ngakhale mu chingwe chabwino attenuation zidzachitikabe, kutanthauza kuti liwiro adzakhala otsika. Uku ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Zyxel LTE 6101 ndi Zyxel Keenetic LTE + antenna yakunja.
Sindinathenso kukana kutsegula Zyxel Keenetic LTE kuti ndikawonedwe. Zithunzi pansi pa odulidwa

Timachotsa Zyxel Keenetic LTE

Polarization
Mukayang'anitsitsa chithunzi cha chipangizo chakunja chophwanyidwa kuchokera ku Zyxel LTE 6101, mudzawona momwe mlongoti umazunguliridwa ndi madigiri 45 pokhudzana ndi thupi. Kuti mupeze chizindikiro chabwino komanso liwiro lalikulu, pamafunika kuti polarization ya mlongoti wolandila igwirizane ndi polarization ya mlongoti wa BS. Mayendedwe a polarization ayenera kuwonetsedwa pa mlongoti womwewo ndi muvi. Mwachitsanzo, liwiro langa lolankhulirana linakula ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu pamene ndinatembenuza mlongoti madigiri 45. Ndizovuta kulosera izi pasadakhale, kotero pakukhazikitsa ndikofunikira kuganizira izi ndikuyesa njira zosiyanasiyana zoyika.

Ndipo tsopano zikanakhala zomveka kuyerekeza ma seti atatu a 7290, 11200 ndi 25000 rubles.

anapezazo
Monga momwe zikuwonekera pa chithunzithunzi, mtsogoleri wothamanga ndi Zyxel LTE 6101. Malo a modem pafupi ndi antenna ndi kutalika kwa zingwe pakati pawo zimakhala ndi zotsatira. Chipangizocho ndi chosangalatsa, chanzeru, koma osati chothandizira bajeti. Oyenera kwa iwo omwe ali okonzeka kulipira kugwirizana kokhazikika ndi kodalirika.
Yachiwiri ndi Zyxel Keenetic LTE yokhala ndi mlongoti wakunja. Kugwirizanako, ndithudi, kuli koyenera kwambiri komanso molingana ndi kulandila ndi kutumizira liwiro kuli pafupi ndi Zyxel LTE 6101. Choncho, kwa iwo omwe liwiro silili lovuta komanso omwe ali okonzeka kuthera nthawi yoyika zingwe ndikusintha mlongoti (the zomwezo ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi Zyxel LTE 6101), ndiye kuti zida izi zidzakhala zowoneka bwino kwambiri komanso zolemera kwambiri. Ngati kokha chifukwa Zyxel Keenetic LTE ili ndi adaputala ya telephony yomangidwa mu SIP ndi madoko a 5 gigabit.
Zida zaposachedwa (LTE MiMo INDOOR + Huawei E5372) zili ndi vuto lalikulu chifukwa chosowa madoko a Ethernet. Kuphatikiza apo, momwe zilili pano, masamba atatseka njira ya siginecha, 4G sinalandilidwe ngakhale ndi mlongoti wakunja, koma kulumikizana kwa 3G kunali koyenera. Zowona, ma pings ndi ofunika kwambiri ndipo kuyankhula pa VoIP sikuli bwino. Kulumikizana kumeneku ndi koyenera kwa iwo omwe amafunikira intaneti kuti azingosambira.

bonasi

SOTA-5


TTX:
Mtundu wa antenna: kunja
Mtundu wa antenna: gulu
Miyezo yolumikizirana yothandizidwa: LTE, WCDMA, HSPA, HSPA+, DC-HSPA
Ma frequency ogwiritsira ntchito, MHz: 790-960, 1700-2700
Kupindula, max., dBi: 10-15
Voltage stand wave ratio, osapitilira: 1,5
Khalidwe losokoneza, Ohm: 50
Miyeso yosonkhanitsidwa (popanda cholumikizira), mm: 310х270х90
Kulemera, osapitirira, kg: 1,5 kg

Chithunzi cha mlongoti

Bambo wina anadza kwa ine ndi pempho loti ndithandize kugawa Wi-Fi ku dacha yake. Chiwembu cha theka la hekitala ndi mtunda wa bathhouse ndi gazebo kuchokera kunyumba sichinapereke mwayi kwa rauta yosavuta kuti apereke chizindikiro ku chiwembu chonse. Munthawi imeneyi, mwina rauta yachiwiri pamalo ofunikira pomwe chingwe cha Ethernet chimakokedwa, kapena chobwereza chomwe chingagwire chizindikiro kuchokera pa rauta ndikuchikulitsa pamalowo, chingathandize. Koma pali njira yosavuta komanso yodalirika - mlongoti wakunja wophimba malo ndi chizindikiro cha Wi-Fi. Ndinakhala ndi mlongoti wa SOTA-5, ndipo chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zamagulu ambiri, zinali zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito osati kulankhulana ndi ma BS ogwiritsira ntchito ma cellular, komanso kulandira ndi kutumiza zizindikiro za Wi-Fi. Malo omwe amafikirako ndiakulu kwambiri, ndipo mawonekedwe a radiation amakupatsani mwayi wochepetsera pang'onopang'ono malo owonetserako komanso kuti musatseke malo oyandikana nawo a Wi-Fi. Mapangidwe osindikizidwa kwathunthu, zomangira zosavuta komanso zodalirika, kupanga ku Russia - chilichonse chomwe mungafune kuchokera ku zida zotere.

Ubwino: Wosindikizidwa, wosavuta, wodalirika
Kuipa: Ndinayiyika ndipo ndayiwala komwe ndinayiyika

Source: www.habr.com