Masiku ano, magetsi ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti malo opangira deta akugwira ntchito bwino. Mu 2013, malo okhawo a data aku US anali pafupifupi 91 biliyoni kilowatt-maola a mphamvu, ofanana ndi kutulutsa kwapachaka kwa 34 mafakitale akuluakulu opangira malasha.
Magetsi amakhalabe chimodzi mwazinthu zowonongera makampani omwe ali ndi malo opangira data, ndichifukwa chake akuyesera luso la zomangamanga zamakompyuta. Pachifukwa ichi, njira zosiyanasiyana zamakono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zina zomwe tidzakambirana lero.
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Virtualization
Pankhani yopititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi, virtualization ili ndi maubwino angapo ofunikira. Choyamba, kuphatikiza mautumiki omwe alipo pa ma seva ocheperako amalola kupulumutsa pakukonza zida za Hardware, zomwe zikutanthauza kutsika kozizira, mphamvu, ndi mtengo wamalo. Kachiwiri, virtualization imakupatsani mwayi wokhathamiritsa kugwiritsa ntchito zida za Hardware komanso kusinthasintha mphamvu yeniyeni pakugwira ntchito.
NRDC ndi Anthesis zidagwirizana ndipo adapeza kuti posintha ma seva a 3100 ndi makamu a 150, ndalama zamagetsi zitha kuchepetsedwa ndi $ 2,1 miliyoni pachaka. Bungwe limene linali chinthu chidwi opulumutsidwa pa yokonza ndi kugula zida, kuchepetsa ndodo ya oyang'anira dongosolo, analandira chitsimikizo cha kuchira deta pakagwa mavuto ndipo anachotsa kufunika kumanga likulu deta.
Malinga ndi zotsatira Gartner, mu 2016, mlingo wa virtualization wa makampani ambiri udzapitirira 75%, ndipo msika womwewo udzakhala wamtengo wapatali pa $ 5,6 biliyoni. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zimakhalabe zovuta za "kumanganso" malo opangira deta ku chitsanzo chatsopano chogwirira ntchito, popeza mtengo wa izi nthawi zambiri umaposa phindu lomwe lingakhalepo.
Machitidwe oyendetsera mphamvu
Machitidwe otere amapangitsa kuti azitha kuonjezera mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za zipangizo za IT, zomwe pamapeto pake zimabweretsa kuchepetsa mtengo. Pankhaniyi, wapadera , yomwe imayang'anira ntchito za seva, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi mtengo, kugawanso katunduyo komanso ngakhale kuzimitsa zipangizo.
Mtundu umodzi wa mapulogalamu oyendetsera mphamvu ndi machitidwe a data center Infrastructure Management (DCIM), omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira, kusanthula ndi kulosera momwe zida zosiyanasiyana zimagwirira ntchito. Zida zambiri za DCIM sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira mwachindunji mphamvu ya IT ndi zipangizo zina, koma machitidwe ambiri amabwera ndi PUE (Power Usage Effectiveness) zowerengera. Malinga ndi Intel ndi Dell DCIM, mayankho otere 53% ya oyang'anira IT.
Ma hardware ambiri masiku ano adapangidwa kale kuti azikhala osagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, koma kugula zida zamagetsi nthawi zambiri kumagogomezera kwambiri pamtengo woyambira kapena magwiridwe antchito m'malo mokwera mtengo wa umwini, ndikusiya zida zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuti zikhalebe. . Kuwonjezera pa kuchepetsa ndalama zamagetsi, zipangizo zoterezi komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa CO2 mumlengalenga.
Kuphatikizika kwa data
Palinso njira zodziwikiratu zowongolera mphamvu zamagetsi m'malo opangira data, mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa deta yosungidwa. Kupondereza deta yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri sungani mpaka 30% mphamvu, ngakhale poganizira kuti chuma chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pakuponderezana ndi kupsinjika. Kuchotsa deta kumatha kuwonetsa zotsatira zowoneka bwino kwambiri - 40-50%. Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa zosungirako deta "zozizira" kumathandizanso kuchepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi.
Kuyimitsa ma seva a zombie
Limodzi mwamavuto omwe amayambitsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu mopanda mphamvu m'malo opangira ma data ndi zida zopanda ntchito. Akatswiri kuti makampani ena sangathe kuyerekezera kuchuluka kwazinthu zofunikira, pamene ena amagula mphamvu ya seva ndi diso lamtsogolo. Zotsatira zake, pafupifupi 30% ya ma seva sagwira ntchito, amadya $ 30 biliyoni mu mphamvu pachaka.
Nthawi yomweyo, malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, oyang'anira IT zindikirani kuyambira 15 mpaka 30% ya ma seva omwe adayikidwa, koma musalembe zida, powopa zomwe zingachitike. 14% yokha ya omwe adafunsidwa adasunga zolemba zamaseva omwe sanagwiritsidwe ntchito ndipo amadziwa kuchuluka kwawo.
Njira imodzi yothetsera vutoli ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitambo yapagulu ndi njira yolipirira yolipira, pomwe kampaniyo imalipira kokha mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Makampani ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito kale ndondomekoyi, ndipo mwiniwake wa Aligned Energy data center ku Plano, Texas, akunena kuti amalola makasitomala kusunga 30 ku 50% pachaka.
Kuwongolera kwanyengo pakati pa data
Pa data center mphamvu mphamvu microclimate ya chipinda chomwe zidazo zili. Kuti mayunitsi ozizirira agwire bwino ntchito, m'pofunika kuchepetsa kutayika kwa kuzizira mwa kupatula chipinda cha data center kuchokera ku chilengedwe chakunja ndikuletsa kutentha kwa makoma, denga ndi pansi. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi chotchinga cha nthunzi, chomwe chimawongoleranso kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'chipindamo.
Chinyezi chokwera kwambiri chingayambitse zolakwika zosiyanasiyana pakugwiritsa ntchito zida, kuchuluka kwa mavalidwe ndi dzimbiri, pomwe chinyezi chochepa kwambiri chingayambitse kutulutsa kwamagetsi. imatsimikizira mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa chinyezi wachibale wa malo opangira data kuchokera pa 40 mpaka 55%.
Kugawa bwino kwa mpweya kungathenso kupulumutsa 20-25% ya mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu. Kuyika bwino kwa zida zopangira zida kumathandizira izi: kugawa zipinda zamakompyuta zapakati pazipinda "zozizira" ndi "zotentha". Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kutchinjiriza kwa makonde: ikani mbale perforated m'malo zofunika ndi ntchito mapanelo opanda kanthu pakati pa mizere maseva kuteteza kusakaniza mpweya umayenda.
M'pofunikanso kuganizira osati malo a zipangizo, komanso malo a nyengo dongosolo. Pogaŵa holoyo kukhala makonde “ozizira” ndi “otentha”, ma air conditioners amayenera kuikidwa molunjika kuti mpweya wotenthawo usadutse kuti asalowe mukhonde ndi mpweya wozizira.
Mbali yofunika kwambiri yoyendetsera bwino kutentha kwapakati pa data ndikuyika mawaya, omwe amatha kulepheretsa kuyenda kwa mpweya, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa static komanso kuchepetsa kuzizira kwa zida za IT. Mkhalidwewu ukhoza kuwongoleredwa posuntha ma trays a chingwe kuchokera pansi pa nthaka yokwezeka pafupi ndi denga.
Kuzizira kwachilengedwe ndi madzimadzi
Njira ina yabwino kwambiri yoyendetsera nyengo yodzipereka ndiyo kuzizira kwachilengedwe, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito nyengo yozizira. Masiku ano, luso lamakono limapangitsa kuti munthu asinthe kugwiritsa ntchito economizer pamene nyengo ikuloleza. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa Battelle Laboratories, kuziziritsa kwaulere kumachepetsa mtengo wamagetsi wa data center ndi 13%.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya akatswiri azachuma: omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wouma wokha, ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira wowonjezera pomwe mpweya sunazilidwe mokwanira. Machitidwe ena amatha kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazachuma kuti apange makina oziziritsa amitundu yambiri.
Koma makina oziziritsa mpweya nthawi zambiri amakhala osagwira ntchito chifukwa chosakanikirana ndi kutuluka kwa mpweya kapena kulephera kugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumachotsedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyika makina otere nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo ndalama zowonjezera zosefera mpweya ndikuwunika kosalekeza.
Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kuzizira kwamadzimadzi kumagwira ntchito yake bwino. Woimira wogulitsa aku Danish Asetek, yemwe amagwira ntchito popanga makina oziziritsira madzi a maseva, John Hamill, madziwa amakhala amphamvu kuwirikiza ka 4 posunga ndi kusamutsa kutentha kuposa mpweya. Ndipo pakuyesa kochitidwa ndi Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory mogwirizana ndi American Power Conversion Corporation ndi Silicon Valley Leadership Group, , kuti chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa kwamadzi ndi madzi kuchokera ku nsanja yozizirira, nthawi zina, kupulumutsa mphamvu kumafika 50%.
Umisiri wina
Masiku ano, pali madera atatu omwe chitukuko chawo chidzathandiza kuti malo opangira deta azikhala bwino kwambiri: kugwiritsa ntchito ma processor amitundu yambiri, kuzizira kophatikizana komanso kuzizira pamlingo wa chip.
Opanga makompyuta amakhulupirira kuti ma processor amitundu yambiri, pomaliza ntchito zambiri munthawi yochepa, amachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za seva ndi 40%. Chitsanzo cha mphamvu ya dongosolo lozizira lophatikizana ndi njira ya CoolFrame yochokera ku Egenera ndi Emerson Network Power. Zimatengera mpweya wotentha wotuluka m'maseva, umaziziritsa ndi "kuuponyera" m'chipindamo, motero kuchepetsa katundu pa dongosolo lalikulu ndi 23%.
chokhudza kuzirala kwa chip, kumapangitsa kutentha kusamutsidwa mwachindunji kuchokera kumalo otentha a seva, monga mayunitsi apakati opangira, mayunitsi opangira zithunzi, ndi ma module amakumbukiro, kulowa mumlengalenga wa rack kapena kunja kwa chipinda cha makina.
Kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi kwakhala njira yeniyeni lerolino, zomwe sizodabwitsa, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito deta: 25-40% ya ndalama zonse zogwiritsira ntchito zimachokera kulipira ngongole za magetsi. Koma vuto lalikulu ndilakuti ola lililonse la kilowatt lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida za IT limasinthidwa kukhala kutentha, komwe kumachotsedwa ndi zida zoziziritsira mphamvu zamagetsi. Choncho, m'zaka zikubwerazi, kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kwa malo osungiramo deta sikudzasiya kukhala kofunika - njira zowonjezereka zowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu za malo a deta zidzawonekera.
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Source: www.habr.com