Mbiri yophweka komanso yochepa kwambiri ya chitukuko cha "mitambo"

Kudzipatula, kudzipatula - izi zidakhudza kwambiri chitukuko cha bizinesi yapaintaneti. Makampani akusintha lingaliro la kuyanjana ndi makasitomala, mautumiki atsopano akuwonekera. Izi zili ndi ubwino wake. Ndipo mabungwe ena abwerere kumayendedwe akale a ntchito akangochotsa zoletsa zonse. Koma ambiri amene anatha kuyamikira ubwino wa Intaneti adzapitiriza kukula pa Intaneti. Izi, zidzalola makampani ambiri a intaneti, kuphatikizapo mautumiki a mtambo, kuti apite patsogolo. Kodi mitambo inayamba bwanji? Cloud4Y imakudziwitsani mbiri yachidule komanso yosavuta kwambiri yachitukuko chamakampani.

Kubadwa

Ndizosatheka kutchula momveka bwino tsiku lenileni la kubadwa kwa cloud computing. Koma poyambira amaonedwa kuti ndi 2006, pamene Google CEO Eric Schmidt ananena poyankhulana kumapeto kwa Search Engine Strategies Conference: "Ife tikuwona chitsanzo chatsopano cha makompyuta amabadwa pamaso pathu, ndipo zikuwoneka kwa ine. kuti palibe anthu ambiri omwe amatha kumvetsetsa zomwe zikuchitika. Chofunikira chake ndikuti mautumiki omwe amathandizira deta ndi zomangamanga amakhala pa ma seva akutali. Deta ili pa maseva awa, ndipo mawerengedwe ofunikira amachitidwa pa iwo ... Ndipo ngati muli ndi kompyuta, laputopu, foni yam'manja kapena chipangizo china chomwe chili ndi ufulu wofikira, ndiye kuti mutha kupeza mtambo uwu. "

Pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, Amazon idazindikira kuti ntchito yake yoyang'anira ndi kugulitsa malonda ikupita patsogolo kwambiri pantchito za IT zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, kompyuta kapena database yosungirako. Ndiye bwanji osayesa kuyamba kupanga phindu popereka mautumikiwa kwa makasitomala? Umu ndi momwe Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud idabadwira, yemwe adatsogolera Amazon Web Services (AWS), wopanda mavuto koma wodziwika bwino wothandizira pamtambo.

Kwa zaka zingapo zotsatira, AWS inalamulira kwambiri pamsika wa cloud computing, kusiya makampani ena (aang'ono kwambiri) omwe ali ndi gawo laling'ono la msika. Koma pofika 2010, akuluakulu ena a IT adazindikira kuti nawonso atha kugwiritsa ntchito bizinesi yamtambo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, ngakhale Google idafika pamfundoyi m'mbuyomu, idamenyedwa ndi Microsoft, yomwe idalengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa mtambo wapagulu (Windows Azure) mu 2008. Komabe, Azure kwenikweni anayamba kugwira ntchito mu February 2010. M'chaka chomwecho, kutulutsidwa kwa ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamtambo wamtambo ndi lingaliro la Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - OpenStack - kunachitika. Ponena za Google, idangoyamba kugwedezeka kumapeto kwa 2011, pomwe Google Cloud idawonekera pambuyo pa beta yowonjezera ya Google App Engine.

Zida zatsopano

Mitambo yonseyi idamangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina owonera (VM), koma kuyang'anira ma VM pogwiritsa ntchito zida zachikhalidwe za sysadmin kunali kovuta. Yankho lake linali chitukuko chofulumira cha DevOps. Lingaliro ili limaphatikiza ukadaulo, njira ndi chikhalidwe cholumikizirana mkati mwa gulu. Mwachidule, DevOps ndi machitidwe omwe amayang'ana kwambiri mgwirizano wapakatikati pakati pa akatswiri achitukuko ndi akatswiri aukadaulo wazidziwitso, komanso kuphatikizana kwa ntchito zawo.

Chifukwa cha DevOps ndi malingaliro ophatikizika mosalekeza, kutumiza mosalekeza ndi kutumizidwa mosalekeza (CI/CD), mtambowo unapeza mphamvu koyambirira kwa 2010s zomwe zidathandizira kuti ikhale yopambana pamalonda.

Njira ina yopangira ma virtualization (mwina mumaganiza kuti tikulankhula za zotengera) idayamba kutchuka mu 2013. Zasintha kwambiri njira zambiri m'madera amtambo, zomwe zimalimbikitsa chitukuko cha Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) ndi Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS). Inde, kusungitsa zida sikunali ukadaulo watsopano, koma chakumapeto kwa 2013, Docker adapanga kutumiza mapulogalamu ndi ma seva kukhala osavuta komanso osavuta momwe angathere popereka zotengera kwa opereka mitambo ndi makampani onse.

Containers ndi Serverless Architecture

Chofunikira chinali kupanga ukadaulo uwu, ndipo mu 2015, Kubernetes, chida chowongolera zida, chidawonekera. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, Kubernetes adakhala muyeso wanyimbo zoyimba. Kutchuka kwake kwalimbikitsa kukwera kwa mitambo yosakanizidwa. Ngati kale mitambo yotereyi inkagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu osagwirizana ndi ntchito zina kuti aphatikize mitambo yapagulu ndi yachinsinsi, ndiye mothandizidwa ndi Kubernetes, kupanga mitambo yosakanizidwa yakhala ntchito yosavuta.

Nthawi yomweyo (mu 2014), AWS idayambitsa lingaliro la kompyuta yopanda seva ndi Lambda. Muchitsanzo ichi, magwiridwe antchito samawonetsedwa pamakina kapena zotengera, koma ngati ntchito zazikulu pamtambo. Njira yatsopanoyi idakhudzanso kukula kwa cloud computing.

Umu ndi momwe tinafikira nthawi yathu mwachangu. Zaka khumi zapitazo, mtambowo unkamveka mosiyana, ndipo lingaliro lenilenilo linali longopeka kuposa lenileni. Ngati mungatenge CIO yozungulira yopanda kanthu kuchokera ku 2010 ndikumufunsa ngati akufuna kusamukira kumtambo, tikhoza kuseka. Lingaliro ili linali lowopsa kwambiri, lolimba mtima, komanso lodabwitsa.

Lero, mu 2020, zonse nzosiyana. Komanso, "chifukwa cha" kachilombo katsopanoka, malo amtambo adakhala chinthu choyang'aniridwa ndi makampani omwe, makamaka, sanaganizirepo mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje otere. Ndipo omwe adagwiritsa ntchito njira zamtambo m'mbuyomu adatha kufewetsa bizinezi yawo. Zotsatira zake, ma CIO sangafunsidwenso ngati akukonzekera kusamukira kumtambo. Ndipo za momwe amayendetsera mtambo wake, zida zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito komanso zomwe alibe.

Nthawi yathu

Titha kuyembekezera kuti momwe zinthu ziliri pano zipangitsa kuti pakhale zida zatsopano zomwe zimakulitsa magwiridwe antchito komanso kusinthasintha kwa malo amtambo. Tikutsata zomwe zikuchitika ndi chidwi.

Tikufuna kudziwanso mfundo ina: bizinesiyo, yomwe ngakhale mliri usanachitike udapereka chithandizo chosinthira mabizinesi amakampani "opanda intaneti" kupita pa intaneti, ikuyesera kukopa makasitomala atsopano popereka mikhalidwe yapadera. Cloud4Y, mwachitsanzo, amapereka mtambo waulere kwa miyezi iwiri. Makampani ena alinso ndi mabizinesi okoma omwe angakhale ovuta kupeza munthawi yake. Kotero, chifukwa cha digito ya bizinesi, yomwe ndale yalankhula kwambiri, mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri tsopano yapangidwa - itenge ndikuigwiritsa ntchito, yesani ndikuyang'ana.

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Source: www.habr.com