Kutaya kwa data ku Ukraine. Zofanana ndi malamulo a EU

Chiwopsezo ndi kutayikira kwa data ya laisensi yoyendetsa kudzera pa Telegalamu bot chidayamba ku Ukraine. Kukayikira koyambirira kudagwa pa ntchito ya boma "DIYA", koma kukhudzidwa kwa omwe adafunsidwa pankhaniyi kudakanidwa mwachangu. Mafunso ochokera mndandanda wakuti "yemwe adatulutsa deta ndi momwe" adzaperekedwera ku boma loyimiridwa ndi apolisi a ku Ukraine, SBU ndi makompyuta ndi akatswiri aukadaulo, koma nkhani yotsatiridwa ndi malamulo athu oteteza deta yaumwini ndi zenizeni za nthawi ya digito idaganiziridwa ndi wolemba bukuli, Vyacheslav Ustimenko, mlangizi pakampani yazamalamulo Icon Partners.

Ukraine ikuyesetsa kujowina EU, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kukhazikitsidwa kwa miyezo yaku Europe yoteteza deta yamunthu.

Tiyeni tiyesere nkhani ndikuyerekeza kuti bungwe lopanda phindu lochokera ku EU lidawukhira kuchuluka komweko kwa ziphaso zoyendetsa galimoto ndipo izi zidatsimikiziridwa ndi mabungwe achitetezo akumaloko.

Mu EU, mosiyana ndi Ukraine, pali lamulo pa chitetezo cha deta yaumwini - GDPR.

Kutayikirako kukuwonetsa kuphwanya mfundo zomwe zafotokozedwa mu:

• Ndime 25 GDPR Kutetezedwa kwa data yanu mwa kupanga ndi kusakhulupirika;
• Ndime 32 GDPR. Chitetezo cha processing;
• Ndime 5 ndime 1.f GDPR. Mfundo ya kukhulupirika ndi chinsinsi.

Ku EU, chindapusa chophwanya GDPR chimawerengedwa payekhapayekha, pochita amalipiritsa 200,000+ mayuro.

Zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa ku Ukraine

Mchitidwe wopezedwa pothandizira IT ndi mabizinesi apaintaneti ku Ukraine ndi kunja kwawonetsa mavuto ndi zomwe akwaniritsa GDPR.

Pansipa pali zosintha zisanu ndi chimodzi zomwe ziyenera kuyambitsidwa mu malamulo aku Ukraine.

# Sinthani dongosolo lamalamulo kuti ligwirizane ndi nthawi ya digito

Kuyambira kusaina kwa Mgwirizano wa Association ndi EU, Ukraine yakhala ikupanga malamulo atsopano oteteza deta, ndipo GDPR yakhala kuwala kotsogolera.

Kupereka lamulo loteteza deta yaumwini sikunali kophweka. Zikuwoneka kuti pali "mafupa" mu mawonekedwe a malamulo a GDPR ndipo mumangofunika kumanga "nyama" (kusinthana ndi zikhalidwe), koma pali nkhani zambiri zotsutsana, zonse kuchokera ku machitidwe ndi lamulo. .

Mwachitsanzo:

• adzatsegula deta kuonedwa ngati munthu,
• lamuloli lidzagwira ntchito ku mabungwe azamalamulo,
• udindo wophwanya lamulo ndi chiyani, kuchuluka kwa chindapusa kudzakhala kofanana ndi ku Europe, ndi zina zotero.

Mfundo yofunika kwambiri ndi yakuti malamulowa ayenera kusinthidwa osati kukopera kuchokera ku GDPR. Pali mavuto ambiri osathetsedwa ku Ukraine omwe sali ofanana ndi mayiko a EU.

# Gwirizanitsani mawu

Dziwani zambiri zaumwini komanso zachinsinsi. Constitution ya Ukraine, Article 32, imaletsa kusinthidwa kwa zinsinsi. Tanthauzo la zinsinsi lili m'malamulo osachepera makumi awiri.

Mawu ochokera koyambirira ku Ukraine apa

• zambiri za dziko, maphunziro, chikhalidwe cha banja, kusintha kwa zipembedzo, chikhalidwe cha thanzi, maadiresi, tsiku ndi malo obadwira (Gawo 2 la Article 11 ya Chilamulo cha Ukraine "Pa Information");
• zambiri za malo okhala (Gawo 8 la Gawo 6 la Lamulo la Ukraine "Paufulu wosamutsira ndi kusankha kwaufulu kukhala ku Ukraine");
• zokhudzana ndi zochitika zapadera za moyo wa anthu, zomwe zinapezedwa kuchokera ku nkhanza za anthu (Article 10 ya Chilamulo cha Ukraine "Pa nkhanza za anthu");
• deta yoyambirira idachotsedwa pochita Kalembera wa Anthu (Ndime 16 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa Kalembera wa Anthu Onse a Chiyukireniya");
• mawu omwe amaperekedwa ndi wopempha kuti azindikire ngati othawa kwawo kapena chitetezo chapadera, chomwe chidzafunika chitetezo chowonjezera (Gawo 10, Article 7 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa othawa kwawo ndi chitetezo chapadera, chomwe chidzafunika chitetezo chowonjezera kapena panthawi yake");
• zambiri zokhudzana ndi ndalama zapenshoni, malipiro a penshoni ndi ndalama zogulira (zowonjezera) zomwe zimaperekedwa ku akaunti ya penshoni ya munthu wochita nawo thumba la penshoni, akaunti ya penshoni ya ndalama zakuthupi ib, mapangano a inshuwaransi ya penshoni isanakwane zaka (Gawo 3 la Article 53 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa Inshuwaransi ya Pensheni Yopanda Boma");
• zambiri za momwe chuma chapenshoni chimayikidwa mu akaunti ya penshoni yowonjezereka ya munthu yemwe ali ndi inshuwaransi (Gawo 1 la Gawo 98 la Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa Inshuwalansi ya Pension Yalamulo");
• zambiri za mutu wa mgwirizano wa chitukuko cha kafukufuku wa sayansi kapena kafukufuku ndi mapangidwe ndi maloboti zamakono, kupita patsogolo kwawo ndi zotsatira (Article 895 ya Civil Code ya Ukraine)
• Chidziwitso chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzindikiritsa munthu wa wolakwa wamng'ono kapena zomwe zimatanthauza kudzipha kwa mwana wamng'ono (Gawo 3 la Gawo 62 la Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa TV ndi Radio Communications");
• Zambiri za wakufayo (Ndime 7 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa maliro");
  mawu okhudza malipiro a anthu ogwira ntchito (Ndime 31 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa malipiro a ntchito" Mawu okhudza malipiro a ntchito amaperekedwa pokhapokha ngati pali malamulo, komanso mwanzeru za wogwira ntchito);
• ntchito ndi zipangizo zoperekera ma patent (Ndime 19 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa Chitetezo cha Ufulu wa Zamgulu ndi Zitsanzo");
• chidziwitso chomwe chingapezeke m'malemba a zigamulo za khoti ndikupanga zotheka kuzindikira munthu wakuthupi, kuphatikizapo: mayina (mayina, malinga ndi abambo, dzina lakutchulidwa) a anthu akuthupi; malo okhala kapena zochitika zolimbitsa thupi kuchokera ku ma adilesi osankhidwa, manambala a foni ndi zina, ma adilesi a imelo, manambala odziwika (makhodi); manambala olembetsa a magalimoto oyendera (Ndime 7 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa kupeza zisankho za sitima").
• zambiri za munthu wotetezedwa ku milandu (Ndime 15 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Poonetsetsa chitetezo cha anthu omwe amatenga nawo mbali pamilandu");
• zipangizo zogwiritsira ntchito munthu wakuthupi kapena wovomerezeka kuti alembetse mitundu ya Roslin, zotsatira za kufufuza kwa mitundu ya Roslin (Ndime 23 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Poteteza ufulu wa mitundu ya Roslin");
• zambiri za loya ku khothi kapena bungwe lazamalamulo, kutetezedwa (Ndime 10 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa chitetezo champhamvu cha apolisi ku khothi ndi mabungwe azamalamulo");
• zolemba za anthu omwe adazunzidwa (zamunthu) zomwe zili mu Register, komanso chidziwitso chogawana nawo. (Gawo 10, Ndime 16 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa Kupewa ndi Kupewa Nkhanza Zapakhomo");
• Zambiri zokhudzana ndi chinsinsi cha katundu omwe amadutsa m'magulu a asilikali a Ukraine (Gawo 1 la Gawo 263 la Military Code of Ukraine);
• Zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzofunsira kulembetsa boma kwa mankhwala ndi zowonjezera kwa iwo (gawo 8 la nkhani 9 ya Lamulo la Ukraine "Pa mankhwala");

# Khalani kutali ndi malingaliro owunikira

Pali malingaliro ambiri owunikira mu GDPR. Malingaliro owerengera mtengo m'dziko lopanda malamulo oyambira (kutanthauza Ukraine) ndi malo ambiri "ozemba udindo" kuposa zothandiza kwa anthu ndi dziko lonse.

# Tsitsani lingaliro la DPO

Deta Protection Officer (DPO) ndi katswiri wodziyimira pawokha woteteza deta. Lamuloli liyenera kuwongolera momveka bwino komanso popanda malingaliro owunikira kufunikira kovomerezeka kwa katswiri paudindo wa DPO. Momwe amachitira ku European Union zolembedwa apa.

# Dziwani kuchuluka kwaudindo pakuphwanya zomwe zili patsamba lanu, kusiyanitsa chindapusa kutengera kukula (phindu) la kampani.

• 34 zikwi hryvnia

  Palibe chikhalidwe chachitetezo chamunthu ku Ukraine; Lamulo lapano la "Pa Chitetezo cha Zomwe Munthu Wamunthu" likunena kuti "kuphwanya malamulo kumaphatikizapo udindo wokhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo." Chilichonse chomwe chili pansi pa Administrative Code pakupeza zidziwitso zabodza komanso kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi UAH 34,000.

• 20 miliyoni euro

  Chilango chophwanya GDPR ndicho chachikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - mpaka 20,000,000 euros, kapena mpaka 4% ya ndalama zonse zapachaka za kampani chaka chatha chandalama. Google idalandira chindapusa choyamba cha ma euro 50 miliyoni chifukwa chophwanya zinsinsi za nzika zaku France.

• 114 miliyoni euro

  GDPR idakondwerera chaka chachiwiri mu Meyi ndipo idatolera chindapusa cha 2 miliyoni mayuro. Owongolera nthawi zambiri amayang'ana makampani akuluakulu omwe ali ndi mamiliyoni a ogwiritsa ntchito.

  Mahotela a Marriott International ndi British Airways ali ndi chindapusa cha madola mamiliyoni ambiri chaka chino chifukwa chophwanya deta yomwe ikuyembekezeka kugonjetsa Google pa chindapusa chapamwamba kwambiri. Oyang'anira ku UK achenjeza kuti akufuna kuwalanga ndalama zokwana $366 miliyoni.

  Chindapusa chokhala ndi ziro zisanu ndi chimodzi chimaperekedwa kumakampani apadziko lonse lapansi omwe ntchito zawo timagwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti makampani ang'onoang'ono, osadziwika sakhala ndi zilango.

  Kampani ya positi ku Austria idalandira chindapusa cha mayuro 18 miliyoni chifukwa chopanga ndi kugulitsa mbiri ya anthu 3 miliyoni omwe anali ndi maadiresi, zomwe amakonda komanso magulu andale.

  Ntchito yolipira ku Lithuania sinachotse deta yamakasitomala pomwe panalibenso chifukwa chokonzekera ndipo idalandira chindapusa cha 61,000 euros.

  Bungwe lopanda phindu ku Belgium lidatumiza maimelo mwachindunji ngakhale olandira atatuluka ndikulandira chindapusa cha €1000.

  1000 euros sichinthu poyerekeza ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbiri.

#Chimwemwe sichimalipira chindapusa

"Aliyense amene akufuna kudziwa zambiri za ine adzapeza, ngakhale lamulo" - izi ndi zimene anthu ambiri Ukraine ndi mayiko CIS, mwatsoka.

Koma anthu ocheperako amakhulupilira malingaliro olakwika okhudza "adzaba chithunzi cha pasipoti ndikutenga ngongole m'dzina langa," chifukwa ngakhale ndi choyambirira cha pasipoti ya munthu wina m'manja mwanu ndizosatheka kuchita izi mwalamulo.

Anthu agawidwa m'misasa iwiri:

• "paranoids" omwe amakhulupirira chipembedzo cha deta yaumwini amaganiza asanayang'ane bokosi ndikuvomereza kukonzanso deta.
• "omwe samasamala", kapena anthu omwe amangotulutsa deta yawo pa intaneti, samaganizira zotsatira zake. Ndiyeno makhadi awo a ngongole amabedwa, amalembetsa kuti azilipira mobwerezabwereza, ma messenger akaunti awo amabedwa, maimelo awo amabedwa, kapena cryptocurrency imachotsedwa mu chikwama chawo.

Ufulu ndi demokalase

Kuteteza deta yaumwini ndi za ufulu wosankha munthu, chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi demokalase. Ndikosavuta kuyang'anira anthu ndi zambiri; ndizotheka kulosera chisankho cha munthu ndikumukankhira ku zomwe akufuna. Zimakhala zovuta kuti munthu achite zomwe akufuna ngati akuyang'aniridwa, munthuyo amakhala womasuka, ndipo chifukwa chake, kulamuliridwa, ndiko kuti, munthu mosadziwa samachita zomwe akufuna, koma monga momwe adakhudzidwira.

GDPR si yangwiro, koma imakwaniritsa lingaliro lalikulu ndi cholinga ku EU - Azungu azindikira kuti munthu wodziyimira pawokha amakhala mwini wake ndikuwongolera deta yake.

Ukraine ndi kumayambiriro kwa ulendo wake, nthaka ikukonzedwa. Kuchokera ku boma, okhalamo adzalandira zolemba zatsopano zamalamulo, mwina bungwe lodziyimira palokha, koma anthu aku Ukraine okhawo ayenera kubwera ku zikhalidwe zamakono zaku Europe ndikumvetsetsa kuti demokalase mu 2020 iyeneranso kukhalapo mu digito.

PS ndikulemba pa social media. maukonde okhudza malamulo ndi bizinesi ya IT. Ndidzasangalala mukalembetsa ku imodzi mwaakaunti yanga. Izi zidzawonjezera chidwi chokulitsa mbiri yanu ndikugwira ntchito pazomwe zili.

Facebook
Instagram

Ogwiritsa ntchito olembetsedwa okha ndi omwe angatenge nawo gawo pa kafukufukuyu. Lowani muakauntichonde.

Lembani za malamulo a Russian Federation pazambiri zaumwini?

• 51,4%yes19

• 48,6%bwino kusankha mutu wina18

Ogwiritsa 37 adavota. Ogwiritsa ntchito 19 adakana.

Source: www.habr.com