Pulogalamu ya ProHoster > Blog > Ulamuliro > Maphunziro a kanema: njira ya unix

Maphunziro a kanema: njira ya unix

Maphunziro a kanema: njira ya unix
Kukhala kwaokha ndi nthawi yabwino yophunzirira zinazake. Komabe, monga mukumvetsetsa, kuti munthu aphunzirepo kanthu, wina ayenera kuphunzitsa. Ngati muli ndi ulaliki womwe mukufuna kupereka kwa omvera mamiliyoni ambiri ndikupeza kutchuka padziko lonse lapansi, ndiye kuti nkhaniyi ndi yanu. Apa mupeza malangizo a tsatane-tsatane amomwe mungapangire kanema kuchokera muumboni wanu.

Timakana njira yojambulira "ndemanga zomvera" mu PowerPoint ndikutumiza zowonetsera ku kanema ngati zazing'ono komanso osapereka gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a kuthekera kofunikira pavidiyo yabwino kwambiri.

Choyamba, tiyeni tisankhe mafelemu omwe tikufuna:

  1. Zithunzi zenizeni ndi voiceover
  2. Kusintha masilaidi
  3. Mawu ochokera m'mafilimu otchuka
  4. Mafelemu angapo okhala ndi nkhope ya mphunzitsi komanso mphaka wake yemwe amamukonda (posankha)

Kupanga dongosolo lachikwatu

.
β”œβ”€β”€ clipart
β”œβ”€β”€ clips
β”œβ”€β”€ rec
β”œβ”€β”€ slide
└── sound

Cholinga cha maupangiri mu dongosolo la ndandanda: mafilimu omwe tidzakokeramo mawu (clipart), zidutswa za kanema wamtsogolo (zojambula), mavidiyo kuchokera ku kamera (rec), slide muzithunzi (slide), phokoso. (phokoso).

Kupanga chiwonetsero muzithunzi

Kwa wogwiritsa ntchito wamaso ofiira a Linux, kupanga chiwonetsero chazithunzi sikubweretsa vuto lililonse. Ndiloleni ndikukumbutseni kuti chikalata chamtundu wa pdf chikhoza kugawidwa kukhala zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo

pdftocairo -png -r 128 ../lecture.pdf

Ngati palibe lamulo lotero, ikani phukusi nokha poppler-utils (malangizo a Ubuntu; ngati muli ndi Arch, ndiye kuti mukudziwa bwino zoyenera kuchita popanda ine).

Apa ndi kupitilira apo, ndikukhulupirira kuti kanemayo adakonzedwa mumtundu wa HD Ready, mwachitsanzo 1280x720. Chiwonetsero chokhala ndi kukula kopingasa kwa mainchesi 10 chimapereka kukula uku kukatsitsa (onani -r 128 parameter).

Kukonzekera malemba

Ngati mukufuna kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri, zolankhula zanu ziyenera kulembedwa kaye. Ndinaganizanso kuti ndingalankhule lembalo popanda kukonzekera, makamaka popeza ndinali ndi luso la kuphunzitsa. Koma ndi chinthu chimodzi kuchita moyo, ndi chinthu china kujambula kanema. Osachita ulesi - nthawi yomwe mwataya kulemba idzalipira nthawi zambiri.

Maphunziro a kanema: njira ya unix

Nayi mtundu wanga kujambula. Nambala yomwe ili pamutuyi ndi yofanana ndi nambala ya slide, zosokoneza zimawonetsedwa mofiira. Mkonzi aliyense ndi woyenera kukonzekera, koma ndi bwino kutenga purosesa yodzaza mawu - mwachitsanzo, Chokhachokha.

Mawu pazithunzi

Ndinganene chiyani - tsegulani maikolofoni ndikulemba :)

Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti luso lojambulira ngakhale kuchokera ku maikolofoni yotsika mtengo yakunja ndilabwino kwambiri kuposa maikolofoni yopangidwa ndi laputopu. Ngati mukufuna zida zabwino, ndikupangira Nkhani iyi.

Pojambulira ndidagwiritsa ntchito chojambulira mawu - pulogalamu yosavuta yojambulira mawu. Mutha kuzitenga, mwachitsanzo, apa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:audio-recorder/ppa
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install audio-recorder

Chinthu chachikulu pa sitepe iyi ndi kutchula owona molondola. Dzinali liyenera kukhala ndi nambala ya slide ndi nambala yachidutswa. Zidutswa zimawerengedwa ndi manambala osamvetseka - 1, 3, 5, ndi zina zotero. Chifukwa chake, pazithunzi, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi, mafayilo awiri adzapangidwa: 002-1.mp3 ΠΈ 002-3.mp3.

Ngati mudajambulitsa mavidiyo onse nthawi imodzi m'chipinda chabata, simukuyenera kuchita china chilichonse nawo. Ngati mwalemba masitepe angapo, ndi bwino kufananiza mulingo wa voliyumu:

mp3gain -r *.mp3

Zothandiza mp3 Pazifukwa zina sizili m'malo osungira, koma mutha kuzipeza apa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:flexiondotorg/audio
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mp3gain

Pambuyo pa zonsezi, muyenera kulemba fayilo ina mwakachetechete. Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera nyimbo yamawu kumavidiyo opanda phokoso: ngati kanema imodzi ili ndi nyimbo ndipo ina ilibe, ndiye kuti ndizovuta kumata mavidiyowa pamodzi. Kukhala chete kumatha kujambulidwa kuchokera pa maikolofoni, koma ndibwino kupanga fayilo mu mkonzi Kumveka. Kutalika kwa fayilo kuyenera kukhala mphindi imodzi (zambiri ndizotheka), ndipo ziyenera kutchulidwa chete.mp3

Kukonzekera makanema osokoneza

Apa chilichonse chimachepa ndi malingaliro anu. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mkonzi kusintha mavidiyo Avidemux. Kalekale anali mu nkhokwe muyezo, koma pazifukwa zina anadulidwa. Izi sizitilepheretsa:

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntuhandbook1/avidemux
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install avidemux2.7-qt5

Pali malangizo ambiri ogwirira ntchito ndi mkonzi uyu pa intaneti, ndipo kwenikweni, chilichonse chimakhala chowoneka bwino. Ndikofunika kukwaniritsa zinthu zingapo.

Choyamba, kusintha kwamavidiyo kuyenera kufanana ndi vidiyo yomwe mukufuna. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera ziwiri mu "kanema wotulutsa": swsResize kusintha chiganizo ndi "kuwonjezera minda" kuti mutembenuzire filimu ya Soviet "yopapatiza" kukhala mtundu waukulu. Zosefera zina zonse ndizosankha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wina sakumvetsa chifukwa chake mawu a Bambo Sharikov ali mugawo lomwe likukambidwa, pogwiritsa ntchito fyuluta ya "kuwonjezera logo", mukhoza kuyika chizindikiro cha PostgreSQL pamwamba pa "Galu Mtima".

Kachiwiri, zidutswa zonse ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana. Ndimagwiritsa ntchito mafelemu 25 pamphindi imodzi chifukwa kamera yanga ndi mafilimu akale a Soviet amandipatsa zambiri. Ngati filimu yomwe mukudulayo idawomberedwa pa liwiro lina, gwiritsani ntchito fyuluta yachitsanzo cha Video.

Chachitatu, zidutswa zonse ziyenera kupanikizidwa ndi codec yomweyo ndikuyika muzotengera zomwezo. Chifukwa chake, mu Avidemux pamtundu, sankhani kanema - "MPEG4 AVC (x264)", audio"AAC (FAAC)", zotuluka mtundu -"MP4 Muxer".

Chachinayi, ndikofunikira kutchula mavidiyo odulidwa molondola. Dzina lafayilo liyenera kukhala ndi nambala ya slide ndi nambala yachidutswa. Zidutswa zimawerengedwa ndi manambala ofanana, kuyambira 2. Chifukwa chake, pazithunzi zomwe zikukambidwa, kanema wokhala ndi kusokoneza ayenera kutchedwa. 002-2.mp4

Makanema akakonzeka, muyenera kuwasamutsa ku chikwatu chokhala ndi zidutswa. Zokonda avidemux zimasiyana ndi zoikamo ffmpeg mwachikhazikitso ndi magawo osamvetsetseka tbr, tbn, tbc. Sizikhudza kusewera, koma salola kuti mavidiyowo agwirizane. Ndiye tiyeni tikonzenso:

for f in ???-?.mp4;
do
  ffmpeg -hide_banner -y -i "${f}" -c copy -r 25 -video_track_timescale 12800 ../clips/$f
done

Kuwombera zowonera

Apanso, zonse ndi zophweka: mumawombera kumbuyo kwa chiwembu china chanzeru, ikani mavidiyo omwe akutsatira m'kabuku. rec, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo tumizani ku chikwatu chokhala ndi zidutswa. Malamulo otchulira mayina ndi ofanana ndi mawu osokoneza, lamulo la recoding lili motere:

ffmpeg -y -i source_file -r 25 -vcodec libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v high -coder 1 -s 1280x720 -ar 44100 -ac 2 ../clips/xxx-x.mp4

Ngati mukufuna kuyambitsa vidiyoyi ndi mawu anu, tchulani kachidutswachi 000-1.mp4

Kupanga mafelemu kuchokera pazithunzi zosasunthika

Yakwana nthawi yoti musinthe makanema kuchokera pazithunzi zosasintha komanso mawu. Izi zimachitika ndi script iyi:

#!/bin/bash

for sound in sound/*.mp3
do
  soundfile=${sound##*/}
  chunk=${soundfile%%.mp3}
  clip=${chunk}.mp4
  pic=slide/${chunk%%-?}.png

  duration=$(soxi -D ${sound} 2>/dev/null)
  echo ${sound} ${pic} ${clip} " - " ${duration}

  ffmpeg -hide_banner -y -loop 1 -i ${pic} -i ${sound} -r 25 -vcodec libx264 -tune stillimage -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v high -coder 1 -t ${duration} clips/${clip}
done

Chonde dziwani kuti nthawi ya fayilo yomvera imatsimikiziridwa ndi zofunikira soxi, ndiyeno kanema wautali wofunikira amasinthidwa. Malingaliro onse omwe ndapeza ndi osavuta: m'malo mwa mbendera -t ${duration} mbendera imagwiritsidwa ntchito -achidule... Kwenikweni ffmpeg imatsimikizira kutalika kwa mp3 pafupifupi, ndipo pakusintha, kutalika kwa nyimboyo kumatha kusiyana kwambiri (ndi masekondi amodzi kapena awiri) kuchokera kutalika kwa kanema. Izi zilibe kanthu ngati kanema yonseyo ili ndi chimango chimodzi, koma mukamatira kanema woteroyo ndikusokoneza pamalire, chibwibwi chosasangalatsa chimachitika.

Njira ina yodziwira kutalika kwa fayilo ya mp3 ndikugwiritsa ntchito mp3 mawu. Amalakwitsanso, ndipo nthawi zina ffmpeg amapereka kuposa mp3 mawu, nthawi zina ndi njira ina, nthawi zina onse amanama - sindinazindikire ndondomeko iliyonse. Ndipo apa soxi zimagwira ntchito bwino.

Kuti muyike chida chothandizira ichi, chitani izi:

sudo apt-get install sox libsox-fmt-mp3

Kupanga masinthidwe pakati pa masilaidi

Kusintha ndi kanema kakang'ono komwe slide imodzi imasandulika ina. Kuti tipange makanema otere, timatenga zithunzi ziwiri ziwiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito imagemagick sinthani chimodzi kukhala chimzake:

#!/bin/bash

BUFFER=$(mktemp -d)

for pic in slide/*.png
do
  if [[ ${prevpic} != "" ]]
  then
    clip=${pic##*/}
    clip=${clip/.png/-0.mp4}
    #
    # Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ
    #
    ./fade.pl ${prevpic} ${BUFFER} 1280 720 5 direct 0
    ./fade.pl ${pic} ${BUFFER} 1280 720 5 reverse 12
    #
    # Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ
    #
    ffmpeg -y -hide_banner -i "${BUFFER}/%03d.png" -i sound/silence.mp3 -r 25 -y -acodec aac -vcodec libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v high -coder 1 -shortest clips/${clip}
    rm -f ${BUFFER}/*
  fi
  prevpic=${pic}
done

rmdir ${BUFFER}

Pazifukwa zina ndimafuna kuti slide imwazike ndi madontho, kenako slide yotsatira idzasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera pamadontho, ndipo chifukwa cha izi ndidalemba script yotchedwa. fade.pl Kukhala ndi imagemagick, wogwiritsa ntchito Linux weniweni adzapanga chilichonse chapadera, koma ngati wina akonda lingaliro langa ndikubalalitsa, nayi script:

#!/usr/bin/perl

use strict;
use warnings;
use locale;
use utf8;
use open qw(:std :utf8);
use Encode qw(decode);
use I18N::Langinfo qw(langinfo CODESET);

my $codeset = langinfo(CODESET);
@ARGV = map { decode $codeset, $_ } @ARGV;

my ($source, $target, $width, $height, $pixsize, $rev, $file_no) = @ARGV;

my @rects;
$rects[$_] = "0123456789AB" for 0..$width*$height/$pixsize/$pixsize/12 - 1;

for my $i (0..11) {
  substr($_,int(rand(12-$i)),1) = "" for (@rects);
  my $s = $source;
  $s =~ s#^.*/##;
  open(PICTURE,"| convert - -transparent white PNG:- | convert "$source" - -composite "$target/".substr("00".($file_no+$i),-3).".png"");
  printf PICTURE ("P3n%d %dn255n",$width,$height);
  for my $row (1..$height/$pixsize/3) {
    for my $j (0..2) {
      my $l = "";
      for my $col (1..$width/$pixsize/4) {
        for my $k (0..3) {
          $l .= (index($rects[($row-1)*$width/$pixsize/4+$col-1],sprintf("%1X",$j*4+$k))==-1 xor $rev eq "reverse") ? "0 0 0n" : "255 255 255n" for (1..$pixsize);
        }
      }
      print PICTURE ($l) for (1..$pixsize);
    }
  }
  close(PICTURE);
}

Timayika vidiyo yomaliza

Tsopano tili ndi zidutswa zonse. Pitani ku catalog tatifupi ndi kusonkhanitsa filimu yomalizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo awiri:

ls -1 ???-?.mp4 | gawk -e '{print "file " $0}' >list.txt
ffmpeg -y -hide_banner -f concat -i list.txt -c copy MOVIE.mp4

Sangalalani ndikuwona kwa ophunzira anu oyamikira!

Source: www.habr.com

Kuwonjezera ndemanga