Ubuntu 20.10 yatulutsidwa ndi desktop ya Raspberry Pi. Chatsopano ndi chiyani ndipo chimagwira ntchito bwanji?

Dzulo patsamba lotsitsa la Ubuntu anaonekera Ubuntu 20.10 "Groovy Gorilla" kugawa. Idzathandizidwa mpaka Julayi 2021. Maonekedwe atsopano zopangidwa m'makope otsatirawa: Ubuntu, Ubuntu Server, Lubuntu, Kubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Ubuntu Budgie, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu ndi UbuntuKylin (Chinese edition).

Kuphatikiza apo, kwa nthawi yoyamba, patsiku lomwe Ubuntu adatulutsidwa, opanga adasindikizanso kumasulidwa kwapadera kwa Raspberry Pi. Komanso, izi ndi zonse kugawa kwa desktop, osati mtundu wa seva wokhala ndi chipolopolo, monga momwe zinalili ndi matembenuzidwe am'mbuyomu. Mwambiri, tsopano Ubuntu imagwira ntchito kunja kwa bokosi ndi Raspberry.

Chatsopano ndi chiyani mu Ubuntu 20.10?

• Zosintha zazikulu ndizosintha zamitundu yamapulogalamu. Chifukwa chake, desktop yasinthidwa kukhala GNOME 3.38, ndi Linux kernel kuti isinthe 5.8. Mitundu yosinthidwa ya GCC 10, LLVM 11, OpenJDK 11, Rust 1.41, Python 3.8.6, Ruby 2.7.0, Perl 5.30, Go 1.13 ndi PHP 7.4.9. Kutulutsidwa kwatsopano kwa ofesi suite LibreOffice 7.0 kwaperekedwa. Zida zosinthidwa zamakina monga glibc 2.32, PulseAudio 13, BlueZ 5.55, NetworkManager 1.26.2, QEMU 5.0, Libvirt 6.6.
• Madivelopa asintha kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera za nftables mwachisawawa. Mwamwayi, kuyanjana kwakumbuyo kumasungidwanso kudzera mu phukusi la iptables-nft, lomwe limapereka zothandizira ndi mawu ofanana a mzere wa lamulo monga iptables.
• Woyika Ubiquity tsopano ali ndi kuthekera kothandizira kutsimikizika mu Active Directory.
• Adachotsa phukusi la popcorn, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa ma telemetry osadziwika za kutsitsa, kukhazikitsa, zosintha, ndi zochotsa. Popcorn wakhala gawo la Ubuntu kuyambira 2006, koma, mwatsoka, phukusili ndi backend yolumikizidwa nayo sizinagwire ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Zosintha zapangidwa ku Ubuntu Server, kuphatikiza chithandizo cha Active Directory mu adcli ndi realmd, kuchuluka kwa encryption kwa SMB3, seva yosinthidwa ya Dovecot IMAP, idawonjezera laibulale ya Liburing ndi phukusi la Telegraf.
• Zithunzi zosinthidwa zamakina amtambo. Makamaka, amamanga ndi ma maso apadera a makina amtambo ndi KVM tsopano akuyamba popanda initramfs mwachisawawa kuti afulumizitse kutsitsa (ma kernel okhazikika amagwiritsabe ntchito initramfs).
• Desktop ya KDE Plasma 5.19 idapezeka ku Kubuntu, pulogalamu ya KDE Applications 20.08.1 komanso laibulale ya Qt 5.14.2 idawonekera. Zowonjezeranso zosinthidwa za Elisa 20.08.1, latte-dock 0.9.10, Krita 4.3.0 ndi Kdevelop 5.5.2.
• Mawonekedwe owongolera oyenda mwachangu kudzera pawindo lotseguka ndikuyika mawindo mu gululi. Makamaka, mawonekedwe a "oyandikana nawo" awonjezedwa ndipo zida zowongolera mzere wamalamulo zawonjezeredwa. Zithunzi zosokoneza zachotsedwa.
• Ubuntu Studio imagwiritsa ntchito KDE Plasma ngati desktop yokhazikika. M'mbuyomu, Xfce idaperekedwa mwachisawawa. KDE Plasma imapereka zida za ojambula zithunzi ndi ojambula, komanso kuthandizira kwamapiritsi a Wacom.
• Ponena za Xubuntu, mitundu ya zigawo Parole Media Player 1.0.5, Thunar File Manager 1.8.15, Xfce Desktop 4.14.2, Xfce Panel 4.14.4, Xfce Terminal 0.8.9.2, Xfce Window Manager 4.14.5, etc. zasinthidwa. P.

Kukhazikitsa Raspberry Pi build

Kuti muyike Ubuntu 20.10, mudzafunika memori khadi, Balena Etcher kapena Raspberry Pi Imager. Ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito khadi la 16 GB. OS yokha ndi 64-bit, kotero idzayenda bwino pa Raspberry Pi ndi 4 kapena 8 GB.

Pa gawo loyamba, woyikayo adzafunsa mafunso angapo omwe kupita patsogolo kwa ndondomekoyi kudzadalira - zonse ndizodziwika pano. Pambuyo kukhazikitsa, "Groovy Gorilla" idzadziwonetsera yokha mu ulemerero wake wonse. Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe amadziwa Ubuntu sadzakhala ndi vuto kumvetsetsa mawonekedwewo ndipo apeza zinthu zambiri zodziwika bwino, mapulogalamu, ndi zina zambiri.

Chimodzi mwazabwino ndichakuti kugwiritsa ntchito OS iyi mutha kupanga malo ofikira kuchokera ku Raspberry Pi. Mwina mwayi uwu udzakhala wothandiza kwa wina.

Mwa njira, kulumikizana opanda zingwe mu Ubuntu - Raspberry Pi kuphatikiza kumagwira ntchito bwino. Zinanenedwa kale kuti OS imagwira ntchito kunja kwa bokosi, kuthandizira ntchito zonse za Raspberry - izi ndizochitikadi. Ogwiritsa ntchito omwe ayesa kale dongosololi amanena kuti palibe mavuto ndi kuyankhulana. "Palibe nthawi yopuma," monga amanenera m'buku lagolide la RuNet.

Kuphatikiza pa kulumikizana opanda zingwe, Raspberry Pi Camera imagwiranso ntchito bwino - mu dongosolo linayesedwa makamera onse okhazikika komanso a HQ, omwe adangogulitsidwa posachedwa.

Mfundo yofunika ndi yakuti GPIO imagwiranso ntchito popanda mavuto ku Ubuntu 20.10.

Koma mwachisawawa palibe zida zogwirira ntchito ndi GPIO, kotero kuti mutha kugwira ntchito ndi GPIO ya Python muyenera kukhazikitsa gawo la RPi.GPIO. Nthawi zambiri mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pip, koma pakadali pano muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito phukusi kuchokera kumalo osungira apt.

Pambuyo kukhazikitsa, ndikofunika kuyang'ana momwe GPIO ikuyendera pogwiritsa ntchito Python 3 ndi gawo lotumizidwa kunja - mukhoza kuyesa poyang'anira LED. Chilichonse chimagwira ntchito, chimangofunika sudo. Iyi si njira yabwino, ndithudi, koma pakali pano palibe njira ina.

Tsopano za ntchito ndi mavidiyo kusewera thandizo. Tsoka ilo, molumikizana ndi Ubuntu, "rasipiberi" sipanga mtundu wamba. Mayeso a WebGL Aquarium amawonetsa mafelemu 15 pamphindikati ndi chinthu chimodzi chokha. Pazinthu 100, fps imatsikira ku 14, ndi 500 - mpaka 10.

Koma ndizokayikitsa kuti aliyense amagula "rasipiberi" kuti awonere makanema mumtundu wa 4K nawo, sichoncho? Kwa china chilichonse, kuthekera kwake ndikokwanira - ngakhale kuzindikira zithunzi pamavidiyo. Posachedwa tisindikiza nkhani yoyesa ma raspberries molumikizana ndi kuzindikira zithunzi ndi kuphunzira pamakina.

Ngati mwadzidzidzi munaphonya nkhani zakutulutsidwa kwa Raspberry Computing Module 4, onani zomwe zili komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito. akhoza kukhala pano.

Source: www.habr.com